Radius (hardware company)

Radius Inc.

Type| Public
Industry| Computer hardware
Fate| Acquired by Media 100[1]
Founded| California (May, 1986)
Defunct| 2002
Headquarters|

Sunnyvale, California

United States

Key people

* Burrell Smith
* Andy Hertzfeld
* Mike Boich
* Matt Carter
* Alain Rossmann

Products| Radius Accelerator, Radius Full-Page Display, Radius Two Page Display, Radius GS/C, Radius DirectColor, Radius QuickColor, Radius Pivot, PrecisionColor, Radius Thunder, RadiusTV, VideoVision, Radius Rocket
Revenue| United States dollar 308 million (1995)

Number of employees

| 237

Radius was an American computer hardware firm founded in May 1986 by Burrell Smith, Mike Boich, Matt Carter, Alain Rossmann and joined by other members of the original Macintosh team like Andy Hertzfeld.[2][3] The company specialized in Macintosh peripherals and accessory equipment. It completed its IPO in June 1990.[4]

Their products ranged from processor upgrade cards (Radius Accelerator) bringing Motorola 68020 processors to earlier Macintosh systems; graphics accelerators (Radius QuickColor); television tuners (RadiusTV); video capture cards (VideoVision); color calibrators (PrecisionColor); multi-processor systems (Radius Rocket) for 3D rendering and multiple OS sessions; high-end video adapters and monitors.

## History

Radius Thunder IV GX 1600 NuBus graphics accelerator

The first Radius product was the Radius Full Page Display, the first large screen available for any personal computer. First available for the Macintosh Plus, it pioneered the concept of putting multiple screens in a single coordinate space, allowing users to drag windows between multiple screens. This was a concept that Apple later incorporated into the Macintosh II. The firmware was written by Andy Hertzfeld while Burrell Smith developed the hardware.[2] In its first 12 month of shipments, Radius achieved US$1-million per-month sales.[3]

The second Radius product was the Radius Accelerator, an add-on card that quadrupled the speed of the Macintosh by adding a Motorola 68020 processor.[3]

Another product was the Pivot Display: a full-page display that rotated between landscape and portrait orientation with real-time remapping of the menus, mouse and screen drawing.[5] The award-winning product design was by Terry Oyama, former ID lead at Apple Computer.

Radius's graphics accelerator products included the QuickColor and QuickCAD boards. Using an ARM processor,[6] this being specifically the VL86C010 device also known as the ARM2 and used in the Acorn Archimedes series of computers,[7] QuickColor offered a claimed 600 percent speed increase in screen drawing operations, although observed performance gains were more modest. Designed to work with products such as the Radius Color Display, the QuickColor was able to access the framebuffer of the display board at a much higher rate - by employing block transfers - than that achieved in an unaccelerated system utilising numerous separate data transfers over the NuBus expansion bus. Various "bottleneck" QuickDraw operations were implemented using routines running on the QuickColor board.[8] Such reimplemented routines were claimed to run 50% faster on the QuickColor board whose ARM processor ran "a multi-tasking RISC operating system".[9] QuickCAD was described as "a superset of Radius's QuickColor", offering display list processing in a fashion similar to that of existing coprocessors - already available for IBM PC-compatible systems - such as the TMS34010.[10]

By late 1992, the company faced hard times. It faced multiple shareholder lawsuits, accusing senior managers of extensive insider trading weeks before announcing the company's first unprofitable quarter; several failed R&D projects; a black eye from its bug-ridden Radius Rocket product; and a lack of market focus.

In 1993, following the company's first round of layoffs, the strategy was to live off the professional graphics market but build the video business. The company's first acquisition was VideoFusion, as Radius sought a toehold in the world of video production software. The company's engineering management was given the opportunity to partner with or acquire After Effects (originally by CoSA, but acquired by Aldus Corporation and later Adobe Systems) but declined. Thus they missed the chance to own a product that would come to define the first decade of digital video.

In August 1994, Radius acquired rival SuperMac[11] in an $80.5 million stock swap agreement,[12] and shifted headquarters into the latter's building. The SuperMac acquisition netted Radius the Cinepak video compression codec, which was still supported by most encoders and almost all media players by the early 2000s. The acquisitions continued with Pipeline Digital and its professional time code and video tape deck control software.

The advent of Macintosh computers with PCI expansion slots in 1995 saw the end of vendors that made expansion cards exclusively for Macintosh computers. With minor tweaks and new firmware, PC expansion card vendors were able to produce expansion cards for Mac OS computers. With their far greater production volumes from the PC side of the business, vendors such as ATI, Matrox, and others were easily able to undercut the prices of Macintosh-only vendors such as Radius.

In March 1995, Radius became the first licensed Macintosh clone vendor, and offered two new products: the Radius System 100 and the Radius 81/110. In its final strategic direction, Radius licensed the brand name "SuperMac" to Umax in 1996 for its Mac OS clones.

In 1997, Radius introduced EditDV,[13] a video editing software that accompanies its FireWire cards, which was named "The Best Video Tool of 1998".[14]

In August 1998, the Radius monitor division and its trademark was acquired by miro Displays with the help of its major shareholder, Korea Display Systems (KDS), and was used in their line of CRT and LCD monitors.[15]

On Jan. 6, 1999, it changed its name to Digital Origin and returned to making video editing hardware and software, including EditDV.[16] In 2002, it was acquired by Media 100 in an $83 million stock deal.[1]

## Alumni

* Mike Boich
* Ed Colligan
* Andy Hertzfeld
* Burrell Smith

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Media 100 to buy Digital Origin". 2 January 2002. http://www.cnet.com/news/media-100-to-buy-digital-origin/.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hertzfeld, Andy (February 1987). "An interview with Andy Hertzfeld". Macworld (Interview). Vol. 4, no. 2\. Interviewed by Jerry Borrel. p. 73-90.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Boich, Mike (March 1988). "An interview with Mike Boich, President of Radius Corporation". Macworld (Interview). Vol. 5, no. 3\. Interviewed by Jerry Borrel. p. 81-103.
4. ↑ "Radius Completes IPO" (in en). InfoWorld 12 (35): 40. 1990-08-27. https://books.google.com/books?id=7zsEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT39. Retrieved 2015-10-24.
5. ↑ Ito, Russell; Pittelkau, Jeff (June 1991). "Radius Pivot for Built-in Video and Radius Color Pivot". MacUser 7 (6): 58–59. https://archive.org/details/MacUser9106June1991/page/n61/mode/2up.
6. ↑ Cowan, Brian (September 1989). "MAC uses ARM". Archive 2 (12): 19. https://archive.org/details/Archive_1989-09_OCR/page/n20/mode/1up. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
7. ↑ ARM3 Upgrade Fitting and Operating Instructions. Aleph One Limited. https://archive.org/details/manualzilla-id-6896544/mode/1up. Retrieved 28 December 2021. "Identify the large square 84- pin ARM 2 chip (it has "VL86C010" or "ARM" printed on it), and the smaller square MEMC chip (it has one or more of "MEMC", "MEMC 1a" or "VL-86C110" printed on it) before proceeding further."
8. ↑ Thompson, Tom (December 1989). "The QuickColor Option". Byte: 194. https://archive.org/details/eu_BYTE-1989-12_OCR/page/n245/mode/1up. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
9. ↑ Radius QuickColor. Radius Inc.. July 1989. https://archive.org/details/radius-quickcolor-graphics-accelerator-macintosh-ii-brochure/mode/2up. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
10. ↑ Udell, Jon (May 1990). "Macintosh CAD Comes of Age". Byte: 187-188,190. https://archive.org/details/eu_BYTE-1990-05_OCR/page/n274/mode/1up. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
11. ↑ "Mergers, Layoffs as Radius/SuperMac". Macworld 11 (11): 33. November 1994. https://archive.org/details/MacWorld_9411_November_1994/page/n33/mode/2up.
12. ↑ Francis, Peter L. (6 June 1994). "Mac Developers Plan Stock Swap". InformationWeek (478): 24. https://archive.org/details/sim_informationweek_1994-06-06_478/page/n25/mode/2up.
13. ↑ Glasse, Jeff (17 December 1997). "Radius EditDV makes the cut". https://www.zdnet.com/article/radius-editdv-makes-the-cut/.
14. ↑ "eMediaweekly Names Radius EditDV "The Best VideoTool of 1998"". Business Wire. 17 September 1998. http://www.allbusiness.com/company-activities-management/product-management/6895726-1.html.
15. ↑ "RADIUS PRESSVIEW XL IN NEW DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT WITH PRINCIPAL DISTRIBUTION LTD". SourceWire (Press release). 1999-04-23. Retrieved 2015-10-25. "The Radius Division was acquired by miro Displays in August 1998 through an acquisition funded by its major shareholder, KDS, a leading Korean high technology manufacturer."
16. ↑ Radius EditDV makes the cut MacWeek, Jan 5, 1998

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