Comparison of OpenXPS and PDF

This is a comparison of the OpenXPS document file format with the PDF file format. Both file format standards are essentially containers for representing digital content in a paper-like fashion.[1] Note that OpenXPS is incompatible with .xps files generated by Windows 7 and Vista. Windows versions from Windows 8 onward generate .oxps, OpenXPS compliant files (see Open XML Paper Specification).

## Contents

* 1 Design aims
* 2 Comparison
* 3 See also
* 4 Further reading
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## Design aims

The differences between Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) and the Portable Document Format (PDF) can be traced to their heritage and the manner of their development, as they have different design goals and different groups providing input.[citation needed]

The different goals in the development of OpenXPS and PDF resulted in different principles and design tradeoffs between the file formats.[citation needed]

## Comparison

[13] File format  | OpenXPS  | PDF

|
|

Based on a format
developed by  | Microsoft | Adobe Systems
Standardized by  | Ecma International[2] | ISO
First public release date  | 2006[3] | 1993[4]
Latest stable version  | Ecma International Standard ECMA-388 — Open XML Paper Specification — 1st Edition  | ISO 32000-1:2008 — Document management — Portable document format — Part 1: PDF 1.7
Latest standardised version  | Ecma International Standard ECMA-388 — Open XML Paper Specification — 1st Edition  | ISO 32000-2:2017 — Document management — Portable document format — Part 2: PDF 2.0
Language type  | Markup language (XML)[5][6] | PDF is a database of objects that may be created from PostScript or generated directly by an application.
XML schema representation  | XML Schema (W3C) (XSD) and RELAX NG (ISO/IEC 19757-2)[7] | N/A
Compression format  | ZIP[5][6][8] | LZW for both text and images; JPEG, JPEG 2000, and RLE for images only[9]
Container structure  | Open Packaging Conventions (ISO/IEC 29500-2:2008)[5][6] |
3D graphic content | X3D (ISO/IEC 19775/19776)[10] | U3D (Standard ECMA-363)[11][12], PRC (Product Representation Compact, ISO 14739-1:2014)
Full file content compression  | Yes[13] | Compression of collections of objects[14]
Fast page by page download from web servers  | Yes[13] | Yes[13]
Multiple documents in one file  | Yes[13] | Yes[15]
Document bookmarks and outline  | Yes[13][16] | Yes[13][17]
Reflowable | No[18] | With Tagged PDF[19]
Hyperlinks  | Yes[13][20][21] | Yes[13][17]
Page thumbnails  | Yes[13][20] | Yes[13][22]
Annotations  | Yes[20] | Yes[13][17]
Image transparencies  | Yes[13] | Yes[13]
Gradient fills  | Yes[13][21] | Yes[13]
Alpha channel in color definitions  | Yes[13] | Yes[13]
Support for multiple transparency blending modes  | ?  | Yes[14]
Change tracking  | No[13] | No[13]
Password protection  | Yes[13] | Yes[13][17]
Digital signatures  | Yes[6][8][13][20] | Yes[17][23]
JPEG (RGB and CMYK) (ISO/IEC 10918-1)  | Yes[8][13] | Yes[23]
JPEG 2000 (ISO/IEC 15444-1)  | No[13] | Yes[23]
JBIG2 for bi-level images  | No[13] | Yes[14]
PNG | Yes[13] | Yes[13]
TIFF (RGB and CMYK)  | Yes[13] | No[13]
HD Photo / JPEG XR (ISO/IEC 29199-2:2009)  | Yes[5] | No[13]
Gray support  | Yes[13] | Yes[13]
RGB support  | Yes[13] | Yes[13]
CMYK support  | Yes[13] | Yes[13]
Spot color support  | Yes[13] | Yes[13]
Filename extensions  | `oxps`[10] | `pdf`[24]
Internet media types  | `application/oxps`[10] | `application/pdf`[25]
Standard licensing  |

* Ecma copyrighted free download

* PDF 1.7: ISO copyrighted free download
* PDF 2.0: ISO copyrighted, requires purchase

File format  | OpenXPS  | PDF

## See also

* Comparison of document markup languages
* List of document markup languages

## Further reading

* Cohn, Richard. The Portable Document Format Reference Manual. ISBN 978-0-20162628-5.
* King, James C.. A format design case study: PDF. ISBN 1-58113-848-2. http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=1012807.1012810.

## References

1. ↑ "Microsoft Watch - Business Applications - PDF and XPS: When Acronyms Compete". http://www.microsoft-watch.com/content/business_applications/pdf_and_xps_when_acronyms_compete.html.
2. ↑ "XPS format passes first standardisation test | printweek.com | Latest Print Industry News, Jobs, Features, Product Reviews, Used Printing and Packaging Machinery". http://www.printweek.com/news/674714/XPS-format-passes-first-standardisation-test/.
3. ↑ "XML Paper Specification". http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/xps/xpsspec.mspx.
4. ↑ All About Adobe PDF - Webopedia.com
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Archived copy". http://www.globalgraphics.com/xps/faq.pdf.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 XPS: XML Paper Specification
7. ↑ Standard ECMA-388
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 xml paper specification News and Other Resources | ZDNet
9. ↑ [PDF Reference, Sixth edition, http://www.adobe.com/devnet/acrobat/pdfs/pdf_reference_1-7.pdf], p. 39
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST/ECMA-388.pdf
11. ↑ Acrobat 3D Developer Center | Adobe Acrobat 3D Developer Center
12. ↑ Ferris, Sara (2005). "U3D format debuts in Acrobat 7". CADalyst. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BLL/is_2_22/ai_n13487390/.
13. ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13.16 13.17 13.18 13.19 13.20 13.21 13.22 13.23 13.24 13.25 13.26 13.27 13.28 13.29 13.30 13.31 13.32 13.33 13.34 13.35 13.36 13.37 13.38 Amiouny, Dany. "PDF or XPS: Choose the Right Document Format for your Applications". White Paper. https://www.scribd.com/doc/21961516/White-Paper-PDF-or-XPS-Choose-the-Right-Document-Format. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=51502 ISO 32000-1:2008
15. ↑ A9 PDF Binders
16. ↑ "Archived copy". http://www.pdfzone.com/c/a/Authoring/Look-Out-Acrobat-Microsoft-XPS-Is-on-Your-Tail/.
17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 PDF Intro
18. ↑ An Introduction to Windows Presentation Foundation
19. ↑ Web accessibility: web standards and ... - Google Books
20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 XPS Annotator | XPSDev
21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Microsoft Adds XPS In Office 12 To Fight Adobe - InformationWeek
22. ↑ http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/219/1/meckler94.pdf
23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 https://www.blackhat.com/presentations/bh-europe-08/Filiol/Presentation/bh-eu-08-filiol.pdf
24. ↑ "explaining PostScript". http://amath.colorado.edu/documentation/postscript/WhatIs.html.
25. ↑ "The application/pdf Media Type". March 2017. https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8118.

## External links

* ECMA-388 Open XML Paper Specification
* ISO 32000-1:2008 Document management — Portable document format — Part 1: PDF 1.7
* ISO 32000-2:2017 Document management — Portable document format — Part 2: PDF 2.0

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