Emden Deep

Short description: Deepest part of the Philippine Trench

Emden Deep

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Approximate location of Emden Deep in the Philippine Trench

The Emden Deep, also known as the Galathea Deep or Galathea Depth, is the portion of the 10,540-metre-deep (34,580 ft) Philippine Trench exceeding 6,000-metre (20,000 ft) depths in the south-western Pacific Ocean.

Originally discovered by the German ship Emden in 1927, it was first explored in detail by the Denmark ship Galathea in 1951 on the Galathea 2 expedition, from which the name is taken.[1] Biological samples collected during the Danish expedition demonstrated for the first time that a wide variety of fish, amphipods, echinoderms and bacteria not only survived, but thrived at the deepest parts of the ocean.[2][3] At the time of the expedition, the Philippine Trench was the deepest known part of the ocean.[1]

The first crewed descent to the Emden Deep was made by American undersea explorer Victor Vescovo and Filipino oceanographer Deo Florence Onda in March 23, 2021.[4][5] Findings of the expedition include extensive garbage near the seafloor of the underwater feature.[6]

It is believed that the most profound depth of the Emden Deep has a pressure reaching 1,054 atmospheres (15,490 pounds per square inch).

## See also

* Challenger Deep

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bruun, Anton Frederick (1956). The Galathea Deep Sea Expedition, 1950-1952, described by members of the expedition. Macmillan, New York. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/31710.
2. ↑ Zobell, Claude E.; Morita, Richard Y. (April 1957). "Barophilic bacteria in some deep sea sediments". Journal of Bacteriology 73 (4): 563–568. doi:10.1128/JB.73.4.563-568.1957. ISSN 0021-9193. PMID 13428691.
3. ↑ Dahl, Erik (1957). AMPHIPODA FROM DEPTHS EXCEEDING 6000 METERS. Galathea Report: Scientific Results of the Danish Deep-Sea Expedition Round the World 1950-1952. pp. 211–241.
4. ↑ Viernes, Franchesca; RC (17 March 2021). "Scientist to make history as 1st Filipino to reach 3rd deepest spot on Earth" (in en). GMA News. https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/hobbiesandactivities/780121/scientist-to-make-history-as-1st-filipino-to-reach-3rd-deepest-spot-on-earth/story/.
5. ↑ "‘We’ve waved the Philippine Flag’: Filipino scientist reaches the third deepest spot on Earth —". Asian Journal News. 27 March 2021. https://www.asianjournal.com/philippines/across-the-islands/weve-waved-the-philippine-flag-filipino-scientist-reaches-the-third-deepest-spot-on-earth/.
6. ↑ Enano, Jhesset (5 April 2021). "Emden Deep yields dirty secret in Philippine Trench: Trash" (in en). Philippine Daily Inquirer. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1414777/emden-deep-yields-dirty-secret-trash.

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