North Pole-2

North Pole-2 (Russian: Северный полюс-2) was a Soviet drifting ice station. It was established on April 2, 1950 and drifted for about a year between the Bering Strait and the North Pole. It was closed on April 11, 1951, after the piece of ice it was based on broke into two.[1] The commander of the station was Mikhail Somov, who was made the Hero of the Soviet Union for his role in the expedition.[2]

North Pole-2 became the first Soviet staffed drifting station after North Pole-1 launched in 1937, and established a series of polar expeditions.[2]

The station was staffed by 17 people, and was equipped by ten tents and a truck. Supplies were transported by cargo planes on a regular basis.[1]

The information on the launch and the drift of the station were classified and the details did not appear in the media until the 1990s. The station carried out Arctic research, including depth measurements and studying chemical and biological properties of Arctic sea water. However, apparently, the information was classified because the station was launched in the beginning of the Cold War, when the possibility of Arctic bases of strategic aviation was considered by both the United States and the USSR. In particular, the station investigated the possibility of the creation of such a base on floating ice with the support of cargo planes.[3]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Error: no `|title=` specified when using {{Cite web}}" (in Russian). Research Institute of Arctic and Antarctic. http://www.aari.nw.ru/resources/d0014/np/#np-2. Retrieved 4 September 2013.Error:+no+`|title=`+specified when+using+{{[[Template:Cite+web|Cite+web]]}}&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Research+Institute+of+Arctic+and+Antarctic&rft_id=http://www.aari.nw.ru/resources/d0014/np/#np-2&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Earth:North_Pole-2">
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Escritt, E. A.; A. M. Ferrar; F. H. Hansford-Miller; H. G. Head (1974). "Mikhail Mikhaylovich Somov: Obituary". The Geographical Journal 140 (2).
3. ↑ Феклушин, Виктор (December 25, 2011). (in Russian)Воздушный Транспорт. Archived from the original on 28 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120128204947/http://www.infoaviatrans.ru/tochka-36.html. Retrieved 5 September 2013.

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North Pole drifting ice stations

Soviet Union|

* NP-1: Ivan Papanin, Pyotr Shirshov, Yevgeny Fyodorov, Ernst Krenkel
* NP-2: Mikhail Somov
* NP-3: Alexey Tryoshnikov
* NP-4: Yevgeny Tolstikov, Aleksandr Dralkin
* NP-5
* NP-6
* NP-7
* NP-8
* NP-9
* NP-10
* NP-11
* NP-12
* NP-13
* NP-14
* NP-15
* NP-16
* NP-17
* NP-18
* NP-19: Artur Chilingarov
* NP-20
* NP-21
* NP-22
* NP-23
* NP-24
* NP-25
* NP-26
* NP-27
* NP-28
* NP-29
* NP-30
* NP-31

Russia|

* NP-32
* NP-33
* NP-34
* NP-35
* NP-36
* NP-37
* NP-38
* NP-39
* NP-40
* NP-2015

See also|

* Icebreaker Yermak
* Chief Directorate of the Northern Sea Route: Otto Schmidt
* Aviaarktika: Mark Shevelev
* Icebreaker Sedov: Konstantin Badygin, Vladimir Wiese
* Barneo

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Polar exploration

Arctic

* Ocean
* History
* Expeditions
* Research stations

Farthest North
North Pole|

* Clark Carter
* Barentsz
* Hudson
* Marmaduke
* Carolus
* Parry
* North Magnetic Pole
* J. Ross
* J. C. Ross
* Abernethy
* Kane
* Hayes
* Polaris expedition
* missing name
* C. F. Hall
* Bessels
* British Arctic Expedition
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Nares
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Stephenson
* Markham
* Lady Franklin Bay Expedition
* Greely
* Lockwood
* Brainard
* Nansen's Fram expedition
* missing name
* Nansen
* Johansen
* Sverdrup
* missing name
* Amedeo
* Andrée's Balloon Expedition
* S. A. Andrée
* F. Cook
* Peary
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Sedov
* Byrd
* missing name
* Amundsen
* Nobile
* Wisting
* Riiser-Larsen
* Ellsworth
* missing name
* Nautilus
* Wilkins
* ANT-25
* Chkalov
* Baydukov
* Belyakov
* Drifting ice stations
* NP-1
* Papanin
* Shirshov
* E. Fyodorov
* Krenkel
* NP-36
* NP-37
* missing name
* Badygin
* Wiese
* missing name
* missing name
* Plaisted
* Herbert
* NS Arktika
* Barneo
* Arktika 2007
* Mir submersibles
* Sagalevich
* Chilingarov

Iceland
Greenland|

* Pytheas
* Brendan
* Papar
* Vikings
* Naddodd
* Garðar
* Ingólfr
* Norse colonization of the Americas
* Gunnbjörn
* Snæbjörn galti
* Erik the Red
* Christian IV's expeditions
* J. Hall
* Cunningham
* Lindenov
* C. Richardson
* Danish colonization
* Egede
* Scoresby
* missing name
* Nansen
* Sverdrup
* Peary
* Rasmussen

Northwest Passage
Northern Canada|

* Cabot
* G. Corte-Real
* M. Corte-Real
* Frobisher
* Gilbert
* Davis
* Hudson
* missing name
* Bylot
* Baffin
* Munk
* I. Fyodorov
* Gvozdev
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* J. Cook
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Clerke
* Mackenzie
* Kotzebue
* J. Ross
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Parry
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Lyon
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Hoppner
* Crozier
* J. C. Ross
* Coppermine Expedition
* Franklin
* Back
* Dease
* Simpson
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Beechey
* Franklin's lost expedition
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Collinson
* Rae–Richardson Expedition
* Rae
* J. Richardson
* Austin
* McClure Expedition
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* McClure
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Kellett
* Belcher
* Kennedy
* Bellot
* missing name
* Inglefield
* 2nd Grinnell Expedition
* missing name
* Kane
* missing name
* McClintock
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Young
* missing name
* Sverdrup
* Gjøa
* Amundsen
* Rasmussen
* Karluk
* Stefansson
* Bartlett
* missing name
* H. Larsen
* Cowper

North East Passage
Russian Arctic|

* Pomors
* Koch boats
* Willoughby
* Chancellor
* Barentsz
* Mangazeya
* Hudson
* Poole
* Siberian Cossacks
* Perfilyev
* Stadukhin
* Dezhnev
* Popov
* Ivanov
* Vagin
* Permyakov
* Great Northern Expedition
* Bering
* Chirikov
* Malygin
* Ovtsyn
* Minin
* V. Pronchishchev
* M. Pronchishcheva
* Chelyuskin
* Kh. Laptev
* D. Laptev
* Chichagov
* Lyakhov
* Billings
* Sannikov
* Gedenschtrom
* Wrangel
* Matyushkin
* Anjou
* Litke
* Lavrov
* Pakhtusov
* Tsivolko
* Middendorff
* Austro-Hungarian Expedition
* Weyprecht
* Payer
* Vega Expedition
* A. E. Nordenskiöld
* Palander
* Jeannette Expedition
* missing name
* De Long
* Melville
* missing name
* Makarov
* missing name
* Toll
* Kolomeitsev
* Matisen
* Kolchak
* Sedov
* Rusanov
* Kuchin
* Brusilov Expedition
* Sv. Anna
* Brusilov
* Albanov
* Konrad
* Wiese
* Nagórski
* missing name /  missing name
* Vilkitsky
* missing name
* Amundsen
* AARI
* Samoylovich
* Begichev
* Urvantsev
* missing name
* Ushakov
* Glavsevmorput
* Schmidt
* Aviaarktika
* Shevelev
* missing name
* Voronin
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* missing name
* Gakkel
* Nuclear-powered icebreakers
* missing name
* Arktika-class icebreaker

Antarctic

* Continent
* History
* Expeditions

Southern Ocean|

* Roché
* Bouvet
* Kerguelen
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* J. Cook
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Furneaux
* Smith
* missing name
* missing name
* Bellingshausen
* missing name
* Lazarev
* Bransfield
* Palmer
* Davis
* Weddell
* Morrell
* missing name
* Dumont d'Urville
* United States Exploring Expedition
* missing name
* Wilkes
* missing name
* Ringgold
* Ross expedition
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist. (J. C. Ross
* Abernethy)
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist. (Crozier)
* Cooper
* Challenger expedition
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Nares
* Murray
* missing name
* C. A. Larsen

"Heroic Age"|

* Belgian Antarctic Expedition
* missing name
* de Gerlache
* Lecointe
* Amundsen
* Cook
* Arctowski
* Racoviță
* Dobrowolski
* Southern Cross
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Borchgrevink
* Discovery
* missing name
* Discovery Hut
* Gauss
* Gauss
* Drygalski
* Swedish Antarctic Expedition
* missing name
* O. Nordenskjöld
* C. A. Larsen
* Scottish Antarctic Expedition
* Bruce
* missing name
* Orcadas Base
* Nimrod Expedition
* missing name
* French Antarctic Expeditions
* missing name
* Charcot
* Japanese Antarctic Expedition
* Shirase
* Amundsen's South Pole expedition
* missing name
* Amundsen
* Framheim
* Polheim
* Terra Nova
* missing name
* Scott
* Wilson
* E. R. Evans
* Crean
* Lashly
* Filchner
* Australasian Antarctic Expedition
* missing name
* Mawson
* Far Eastern Party
* Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
* missing name
* Ernest Shackleton
* Wild
* James Caird
* Ross Sea party
* Mackintosh
* Shackleton–Rowett Expedition
* missing name

IPY * IGY
Modern research|

* Christensen
* Byrd
* BANZARE
* BGLE
* Rymill
* New Swabia
* Ritscher
* Operation Tabarin
* Marr
* Operation Highjump
* Captain Arturo Prat Base
* British Antarctic Survey
* Operation Windmill
* Ketchum
* Ronne Expedition
* F. Ronne
* E. Ronne
* Schlossbach
* Operation Deep Freeze
* McMurdo Station
* Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
* Hillary
* V. Fuchs
* Soviet Antarctic Expeditions
* 1st
* Somov
* Klenova
* Mirny
* 2nd
* Tryoshnikov
* 3rd
* Tolstikov
* Antarctic Treaty System
* Transglobe Expedition
* Fiennes
* Burton
* Lake Vostok
* Kapitsa

Farthest South
South Pole|

* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* J. Cook
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Furneaux
* Weddell
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* J. C. Ross
* Script error: The function "ship_prefix_templates" does not exist.
* Crozier
* Southern Cross
* Borchgrevink
* Discovery
* Barne
* Nimrod
* Shackleton
* Wild
* Marshall
* Adams
* South Magnetic Pole
* Mawson
* David
* Mackay
* Amundsen's South Pole expedition
* missing name
* Amundsen
* Bjaaland
* Helmer
* Hassel
* Wisting
* Polheim
* Terra Nova
* Scott
* E. Evans
* Oates
* Wilson
* Bowers
* Byrd
* Balchen
* McKinley
* Dufek
* Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station
* Hillary
* V. Fuchs
* Pole of Cold
* Vostok Station
* Pole of inaccessibility
* Pole of Inaccessibility Station
* Tolstikov
* Crary
* A. Fuchs
* Messner

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