State of the Climate

Short description: Annual report led by the NOAA/NCDC

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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

The State of the Climate is an annual report that is primarily led by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Climatic Data Center (NOAA/NCDC), located in Asheville, North Carolina, but whose leadership and authorship spans roughly 100 institutions in about 50 countries.

## Contents

* 1 Release
* 2 State of the Climate in 2010
* 3 State of the Climate in 2011
* 4 State of the Climate in 2012
* 5 State of the Climate in 2013
* 6 State of the Climate in 2014
* 7 State of the Climate in 2015
* 8 State of the Climate in 2016
* 9 State of the Climate in 2017
* 10 State of the Climate in 2018
* 11 State of the Climate in 2019
* 12 See also
* 13 References
* 14 External links

## Release

The report appears as a supplement to a summer issue of the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (BAMS), a publication of the American Meteorological Society. The State of the Climate report, known until 2001 as the Climate Assessment, is an international effort.

## State of the Climate in 2010

The 2010 edition (released June 28, 2011) contained submissions from 368 authors from 45 nations and covered 41 climate indicators.[1] The 2010 edition contained a highlights document that summarized the major findings of the report.[2] The State of the Climate summarizes the global and regional climate of the preceding calendar year and places it into a historical context. In addition, notable climatic anomalies and events are discussed.

Major findings in the 2010 report were:

* 2010 was one of the two warmest years of the instrumental temperature record
* The El Niño-Southern Oscillation transitioned from El Niño to La Niña
* Changes in the Arctic and Greenland continued to outpace those across the rest of the planet, on average

The 2010 issue included a sidebar detailing the multiple lines of evidence (major variables besides global temperature) consistent with the conclusion of a warming planet. An image associated with this sidebar has been recreated many times since, as the 11 (or ten) indicators of a warming planet.

## State of the Climate in 2011

The 2011 edition contained submissions from 376 authors from 46 nations/territories. The La Nina event of that year was a major focus of the report. The cover featured East African women walking to retrieve water in a dust storm. East African drought is not atypical of La Nina episodes.

## State of the Climate in 2012

The 2012 edition contained submissions from 394 authors from 54 nations/territories. Its cover featured an Arctic scene, reflecting major events in that region during the year.

Major findings in the 2012 report were:[3]

* Average global sea level reached a record high (at the time) in 2012.
* Arctic sea ice reached a record-small minimum annual value during September 2012.

## State of the Climate in 2013

The 2013 edition has been released on July 17, 2014.[4] The American Meteorological Society published a supplemental paper online.[5] The report was compiled by 425 scientists from 57 countries.[6]

Major findings in the 2013 report include:

* The climate is changing faster than at any other point in recorded history.[4]

## State of the Climate in 2014

A report was released for the year of 2014.[7]

## State of the Climate in 2015

A report was released in August 2016 for 2015.[8][9]

2015 was the hottest year to date. Greenhouse gases were highest on record. Global upper ocean heat content was highest on record. Global sea level was highest on record.[10][11][12][13][14]

## State of the Climate in 2016

Current as of report, 2016 surpassed 2015 as the warmest year in 137 years of recordkeeping.[15]

Concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO
2) in the Earth's atmosphere surged by a record amount in 2016, according to the World Meteorological Organization.[16]

## State of the Climate in 2017

2017 was recorded as the third warmest year on record.[17] 2017 was the warmest non-El Niño year in the instrumental record.[18]

## State of the Climate in 2018

All but one of the monthly global ocean and land temperature averages of 2018 ranked among the five warmest for their respective months, marking the year the fourth warmest year in NOAA's 139-year record.[19]

## State of the Climate in 2019

[20]

## See also

* Global warming
* Climate state
* IPCC Fifth Assessment Report
* National Climate Assessment

## References

1. ↑ State of the Climate in 2010
2. ↑ BAMS State of the Climate - 2010
3. ↑ "State of the Climate in 2012 (Briefing slides)". https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/cmb/bams-sotc/2012/sotc-2012-webinar-briefing-slides.pdf.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sid Perkins. "Report: Climate changing more rapidly than at any point on record". AAAS. https://www.science.org/content/article/report-climate-changing-more-rapidly-any-point-record.
5. ↑ Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. "State of the Climate in 2013". American Meteorological Society. http://www2.ametsoc.org/ams/index.cfm/publications/bulletin-of-the-american-meteorological-society-bams/bams-state-of-the-climate-2013/.
6. ↑ Laura Barron-Lopez (17 July 2014). "NOAA: Climate change is getting worse". The Hill. https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/212577-noaa-climate-change-is-getting-worse/.
7. ↑ Arndt, Deke (July 15, 2015). "2014 State of the Climate: Author Q&A". https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/2014-state-climate-author-qa.
8. ↑ Lindsey, Rebecca (August 2, 2016). "2015 State of the Climate: Highlights". https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/2015-state-climate-highlights#wows1_3. "Global carbon dioxide levels hit a new high in 2015, and the observatory at Mauna Loa recorded the largest one-year jump in annual average concentrations."
9. ↑ Milman, Oliver (August 2, 2016). "Environmental records shattered as climate change 'plays out before us'; Temperatures, sea levels and carbon dioxide all hit milestones amid extreme weather in 2015, major international 'state of the climate' report finds". https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/aug/02/environment-climate-change-records-broken-international-report.
10. ↑ Berwyn, Bob (August 2, 2016). "Latest Climate Report: Heat, More Heat and Signs of Worse to Come; 2015 featured record warm temperatures on every inhabited continent as ice melted and the seas rose at alarming rates.". InsideClimate News. https://insideclimatenews.org/news/02082016/latest-climate-report-heat-NOAA-global-warming-el-nino-temperatures.
11. ↑ Samenow, Jason (August 2, 2016). "The 10 most startling facts about climate in 2015 — the warmest year on record". Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2016/08/02/the-10-most-startling-facts-about-climate-in-2015-the-warmest-year-on-record/.
12. ↑ Ranosa, Ted (August 4, 2016). "Climate Scientists Say 2015 Set Record Highs For Global Heat, Sea Level". http://www.techtimes.com/articles/172538/20160804/climate-scientists-say-2015-set-record-highs-for-global-heat-sea-level.htm.
13. ↑ Braun, David Maxwell (August 3, 2016). "Earth's 'Annual Physical' Lists Symptoms of a Hotter World". National Geographic. http://voices.nationalgeographic.com/2016/08/03/earths-annual-physical-lists-symptoms-of-a-hotter-world/.
14. ↑ Graham, Lloyd (August 3, 2016). "2015 was warmest on record, set a new high in sea levels, says NOAA report". The Australian. http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/climate/2015-was-warmest-on-record-set-a-new-high-in-sea-levels-says-noaa-report/news-story/271e19ab40d57b5c00c5c8bd6746ef29.
15. ↑ "2016 State of the Climate: Highlights". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/state-climate-highlights/2016.
16. ↑ "Record surge in atmospheric CO2 seen in 2016". BBC News. 30 October 2017. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-41778089.
17. ↑ "Global Climate Report - Annual 2017 | National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)". https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/global/201713.
18. ↑ "2017 State of the Climate: Highlights". https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/state-climate-highlights/2017.
19. ↑ "Global Climate Report - Annual 2018". https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/global/201813.
20. ↑ Global Climate Report - Annual 2019 National Centers for Environmental Information

## External links

* State of the Climate summaries
* BAMS State of the Climate NCDC archive of formal reports
* NOAA NCDC Climate Monitoring pages
* State of the Climate: Highlights year list

* v
* t
* e

United States environmental law

Supreme Court
decisions|

* Missouri v. Holland (1920)
* Sierra Club v. Morton (1972)
* United States v. SCRAP (1973)
* Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill (1978)
* Vermont Yankee v. NRDC (1978)
* Hughes v. Oklahoma (1979)
* Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992)
* United States v. Bestfoods (1998)
* Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000)
* SWANCC v. Army Corps of Engineers (2001)
* Department of Transportation v. Public Citizen (2004)
* Rapanos v. United States (2006)
* Massachusetts v. EPA (2007)
* National Ass'n of Home Builders v. Defenders of Wildlife (2007)
* Coeur Alaska, Inc. v. Southeast Alaska Conservation Council (2009)

Major
federal legislation
and treaties|

* Rivers and Harbors Act (1899)
* Lacey Act (1900)
* Weeks Act (1911)
* North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911 (1911)
* Migratory Bird Treaty Act (1918)
* Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (1934)
* Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act (1954)
* Clean Air Act (1963, 1970)
* National Environmental Policy Act (1970)
* Clean Water Act (1972)
* Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (1972)
* Noise Control Act (1972)
* Endangered Species Act (1973)
* Safe Drinking Water Act (1974)
* Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (1976)
* Toxic Substances Control Act (1976)
* Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (1977)
* CERCLA (Superfund) (1980)
* Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (1986)
* Emergency Wetlands Resources Act (1986)
* Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act (2016)

Federal agencies|

* Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
* Council on Environmental Quality
* Office of Surface Mining
* United States Environmental Protection Agency
* United States Fish and Wildlife Service

Regulations
and concepts|

* Best available technology
* Citizen suit
* Discharge Monitoring Report
* Effluent guidelines
* Environmental crime
* Environmental impact statement
* Environmental justice
* National Ambient Air Quality Standards
* National Priorities List
* New Source Performance Standard
* Not-To-Exceed (NTE)
* Right to know
* Total maximum daily load
* Toxicity category rating

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