Subterranean waterfall

Short description: Waterfall located underground

Ruby Falls is an underground waterfall within a cave in Tennessee, United States Gaping Gill chamber with the waterfall in the background.

A subterranean waterfall, tierous waterfall, or underground waterfall is a waterfall located underground, usually in a cave or mine. They are a common feature in cave systems where there are vertical or near vertical geological structures for the weathering process to exploit, and sufficient gradient between the sink and the rising.[1][2] The highest known subterranean waterfall is in the Vrtoglavica Cave in Slovenia, with at least 400 metres (1,300 ft).[3]

## Contents

* 1 Notable examples
* 2 See also
* 3 References
* 4 External links

## Notable examples

Name | Height | Location | Notes

|
|
|

Vrtoglavica Cave waterfall[3] | 400 m (1,300 ft)  | Plužna, Bovec Template:Flag-icon | Highest subterranean waterfall
Gaping Gill waterfall  | 98 m (322 ft)  | North Yorkshire, England Template:Flag-icon | Located in the Yorkshire Dales
Grotte aux Fées waterfall  | 77 m (253 ft)  | Saint-Maurice, Valais Template:Flag-icon | The highest waterfall in a show cave
Silver Falls  | 64 m (210 ft)  | Townsend, Tennessee Template:Flag-icon | Located in the Tuckaleechee Caverns
Ruby Falls[4] | 44 m (144 ft)  | Chattanooga, Tennessee Template:Flag-icon |
Lacy Suicide Falls  | 42 m (138 ft)  | Cass, West Virginia Template:Flag-icon | Located in the Cass Cave

## See also

* List of waterfalls
* List of caves
* Subterranean river
* Subglacial lake
* Underground lake

## References

1. ↑ Kevin Adams (1 June 2002). Waterfalls of Virginia and West Virginia: A Hiking and Photography Guide. Menasha Ridge Press. p. 32. ISBN 978-0-89732-414-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=KOnHiX7xIKIC&pg=PA32.
2. ↑ Waltham, Tony; Murphy, Phil (2013). Waltham, Tony; Lowe, Dave. eds. Caves and Karst of the Yorkshire Dales. Buxton: British Cave Research Association. p. 136. ISBN 978-0900265-46-4.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Pavils, Gatis (7 March 2013). "Vrtiglavica Cave and Waterfall". http://www.wondermondo.com/Countries/E/Slovenia/SlovenianLittoral/Vrtiglavica.htm.
4. ↑ "Tennessee's Spectacular Underground Waterfall". The Weather Channel. 21 March 2014. http://www.weather.com/travel/news/tennessees-spectacular-underground-waterfall-photos-20140321.

## External links

* v
* t
* e

Cave topics and lists by country

Glossary of caving and speleology

Main topics|

* Biospeleology
* Cave conservation
* Cave painting
* Cave survey
* Caving
* Diving
* Equipment
* Fauna
* Stygofauna
* Troglofauna
* Karst
* Speleogenesis
* Speleology
* Caves by country

Types and formation
processes|

* Anchihaline cave
* Cave-in
* Cenote
* Foiba
* Glacier cave
* Ice cave
* Karst spring
* Lava cave
* Ley tunnel
* Mine
* Exploration
* Pit cave
* Ponor
* Sea cave
* Show cave
* Sinkhole
* Spring
* Suffosion
* Sump
* Underground
* Lake
* River
* Waterfall

Speleothems
and Speleogens
(Cave formations)|

* Anthodite
* Boxwork
* Calcite rafts
* Cave pearl
* Cave popcorn
* Dogtooth spar
* Flowstone
* Frostwork
* Helictite
* Moonmilk
* Rimstone
* Shelfstone
* Snottite
* Soda straw
* Speleoseismite
* Stalactite
* Stalagmite
* Stalagnate
* Vug

Lists of caves|

| General|

* By country
* By depth
* By length
* Prehistoric

|

Africa|

* Somaliland
* South Africa

Americas|

* Belize
* Brazil
* Canada
* Guatemala
* Haiti
* Mexico
* United States
* Arkansas
* Maryland
* Missouri

Asia|

* China
* India
* Iran
* Israel
* Lebanon
* Malaysia
* Sri Lanka
* Turkey
* Vietnam

Europe|

* Austria
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* France
* Germany
* Gibraltar
* Greece
* Ireland
* Italy
* Poland
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Cantabria
* World Heritage Sites:
* Cave Art of Northern Spain
* Cave Art of Iberian Mediterranean Basin
* Cave Art of the Iberian Southern Tip
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* United Kingdom
* England
* Northern Ireland
* Scotland
* Wales

Oceania|

* Australia
* New South Wales
* Western Australia
* New Zealand
* Papua New Guinea

Dwellings|

* Cave dweller
* Kome Caves
* Nok and Mamproug Cave Dwellings
* Yaodong

Popular culture|

* Diving into the Unknown
* Cave of Forgotten Dreams
* The Underground Eiger

Incidents|

* List of UK caving fatalities
* Alpazat cave rescue
* Riesending cave rescue
* Tham Luang cave rescue

Caving by country|

* Caving in New Zealand
* Caving in Tunisia
* Caving in the United Kingdom

* v
* t
* e

Subterranea

Natural features|

| Types|

* Alcove
* Ant colony
* Aquifer
* Burrow
* Burrow fossil
* Paleoburrow
* Cave
* Glacier cave
* Grotto
* Ice cave
* Lava cave
* Lava tube
* Pit Cave
* Show cave
* Solutional cave
* Cenote
* Karst
* Lava tree mold
* Magma chamber
* Maternity den
* Pit crater
* Rock shelter
* Sinkhole
* Subterranean river
* Subterranean waterfall
* Underground lake
* Volcanic pipe
* Warren

|

Exemplars|

* Balve Cave
* Castellana Caves
* Hang Sơn Đoòng
* Jewel Cave National Monument
* Kazumura Cave
* Lechuguilla Cave
* Mammoth Cave National Park
* Reed Flute Cave
* Veryovkina Cave
* Wind Cave National Park

Man-made features|

| Types|

* Air raid shelter
* Basement
* Burial vault
* Borehole
* Bunker
* Blast shelter
* Catacombs
* Casemate
* Crypt Mausoleum
* Dungeon
* Dugout (shelter)
* Dry well
* Earth shelter
* Erdstall
* Fallout shelter
* Fogou
* Hypogeum
* Manhole
* Mine
* Missile launch facility
* Passage grave
* Quarry
* Rock-cut tomb
* Root cellar
* Tunnel
* Utility vault
* Underground city
* Underground base
* Underground hangar
* Well
* Wine cave
* Subway system
* Secret passage
* Semi-basement
* Sewerage
* Septic tank
* Stepwell
* Storm cellar
* Smuggling tunnel
* Spider hole
* Ventilation shaft

|

Exemplars|

* 816 Nuclear Military Plant
* Caves of Maastricht
* The Caves of Ægissíða
* Coober Pedy
* Cheyenne Mountain Complex
* Chicago Tunnel Company
* Houston tunnel system
* Kosvinsky Kamen
* Kőbánya cellar system
* Kome Caves
* Underground City (Beijing)
* Underground City, Montreal
* Underground Great Wall of China
* Maginot Line
* Mines of Paris
* Mustang Caves
* Mount Yamantau
* Mogao Caves
* Naples underground geothermal zone
* North American Aerospace Defense Command
* Raven Rock Mountain Complex
* Shanghai tunnels
* Subterranean London
* Subterranean Toledo
* Yaodong

Fictional features|

| Types|

* Hollow earth
* Subterranean fiction

|

Exemplars|

* Allegory of the cave
* Batcave
* Journey to the Center of the Earth
* Moria (Middle-earth)
* Nome Kingdom
* Pellucidar
* Skull Cave
* Tunnels in popular culture
* Underland (Narnia)
* Wonderland (fictional country)

Organisations|

* American Society of Reclamation Sciences
* Bergamt
* Cave Research Foundation
* History of hard rock miners' organizations
* National Mine Map Repository
* National Mining Association
* National Speleological Society
* Grotto
* Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining
* Institution of Mining Engineers
* International Union of Speleology
* Pakistan Cave Research & Caving Federation
* Research Centre for Deep Drilling
* Rocky Mountain Mineral Law Foundation
* Society of Economic Geologists
* Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy

Related topics|

* Cave conservation
* Cave dweller
* Cave diving
* Cave gate
* Cave rescue
* Cave painting
* Caving
* Civil defense
* Tunnel warfare
* Tunnel network
* Trench warfare
* Underground construction
* Tunnel construction
* Underground living
* Mine rescue
* Mine exploration
* Mole people
* Speleology
* Subterranean warfare

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