BIRD (satellite)

BIRD

Mission type| Earth observation
Operator| DLR
Website| DLR BIRD page
Mission duration| 1 year, 3 months
Spacecraft properties
Launch mass| 92 kilograms (203 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date| 22 October 2001 (2001-10-22)
Rocket| PSLV-C3
Launch site| Satish Dhawan FLP
Orbital parameters
Reference system| Geocentric
Regime| Low Earth
Eccentricity| 0.00209
Perigee altitude| 551 kilometres (342 mi)
Apogee altitude| 580 kilometres (360 mi)
Inclination| 97.8 degrees
Period| 96 minutes
Epoch| 22 October 2001, 00:53:00 UTC[1]

BIRD (Bispectral and Infrared Remote Detection) is a satellite launched by ISRO in 2001 for DLR. This small (92 kg) boxlike system, with solar panels and two collectors on stub wings, has remarkable fire-detection qualities. It hosts a two-channel infrared sensor system in combination with a Wide-Angle Optoelectronic Stereo Scanner (WAOSS). It also features a neuronal network classificator in orbit to reduce downlink bandwidth and cost.[2]

The unique combination of a stereo camera and two infrared cameras gives the opportunity to acquire:

* More precise information about leaf mass and photosynthesis is needed for the early diagnosis of vegetation conditions and changes.
* Real-time discrimination between smoke and water clouds

The attitude and control system of the BIRD satellite was reused in the TET-1 satellite.

## Publications

A BIRD satellite architecture (in German) (pdf)

O. Maibaum, T. Terzibaschian, "Lessons learned from the Object-Oriented Design of the BIRD Attitude Control System Software", 16th IFAC Symposium on Automatic Control in Aerospace (ACA'2004), ACA'2004 Preprints (Vol.I), S. 156-161, St.Petersburg, 14–18 June 2004

## See also

* Miniaturized satellite
* TET-1

## References

1. ↑ "NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Trajectory Details". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2001-049C.
2. ↑ "BIRD - A DLR Small Satellite Mission for the Investigation of Vegetation Fires and Vegetation Condition". http://www.fire.uni-freiburg.de/iffn/tech/tech_9.htm.

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