Bloomfield (microprocessor)

Short description: Processor product line

BloomfieldGeneral Info

Launched| November 2008
Discontinued| January 2011
Marketed by| Intel
Designed by| Intel
CPUID code| 106Ax
Product code| 80601
Performance
Max. CPU clock rate| 2.66 GHz to 3.33 GHz
Cache
L2 cache| 4× 256 kB
L3 cache| 8 MB
Architecture and classification
Application| Desktop
Min. feature size| 45 nm
Microarchitecture| Nehalem
Instruction set| x86, x86-64, MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4.1, SSE4.2
Physical specifications
Cores|

* 4

Socket(s)|

* LGA 1366

Products, models, variants
Brand name(s)|

* Xeon 35xx
* Core i7-9xx (except 970, 980, 980X and 990X)

History
Predecessor| Yorkfield
Successor| Sandy Bridge

Bloomfield is the code name for Intel high-end desktop processors sold as Core i7-9xx and single-processor servers sold as Xeon 35xx.,[1][2][3] in almost identical configurations, replacing the earlier Yorkfield processors. The Bloomfield core is closely related to the dual-processor Gainestown, which has the same CPUID value of 0106Ax (family 6, model 26) and which uses the same socket. Bloomfield uses a different socket than the later Lynnfield and Clarksfield processors based on the same 45 nm Nehalem microarchitecture, even though some of these share the same Intel Core i7 brand.

## Contents

* 1 Features
* 2 Brand names
* 3 Processor cores
* 4 Performance
* 5 Overclocking
* 6 Drawbacks
* 7 Product evolution
* 8 See also
* 9 References
* 10 External links

## Features

Bloomfield has many new features that represent significant changes from Yorkfield:

* The new LGA 1366 socket is incompatible with earlier processors.
* On-die memory controller: the memory is directly connected to the processor. It is called the uncore part and runs at a different clock (uncore clock) than the execution cores.
* Three channel memory: each channel can support up to two DDR3 DIMMs. Motherboards for Bloomfield generally have three, four (2, 1, 1), or six DIMM slots.
* Support for DDR3 memory only.
* The front side bus has been replaced by the Intel QuickPath Interconnect interface. Motherboards must use a chipset that supports QuickPath Interconnect.
* The following caches:
* 32 kB L1 instruction and 32 kB L1 data cache per core
* 256 kB L2 cache (combined instruction and data) per core
* 8 MB L3 (combined instruction and data) "inclusive", shared by all cores
* Single-die device: all four cores, the memory controller, and all cache are on a single die, instead of a Multi-chip module of two dual-core dies as in Yorkfield
* "Turbo Boost" technology allows all active cores to intelligently clock themselves up in steps of 133 MHz over the design clock rate as long as the CPU's predetermined thermal and electrical requirements are still met.[4]
* Re-implemented Hyper-threading. Hyperthreading was introduced in the older NetBurst microarchitecture, but omitted from the subsequent Core, which was a descendant of the Pentium III family. With hyperthreading enabled, each of the four physical cores can process up to two threads simultaneously, so the processor appears to the OS as eight logical CPUs.
* Only one QuickPath interface: not intended for multi-processor motherboards.
* 45 nm process technology.
* 731 million transistors.
* 263 mm2 die size.
* Sophisticated power management can place an unused core in a zero-power mode.
* Support for SSE4.2 & SSE4.1 instruction sets.

## Brand names

Brand name | Model (list) | Market | Clock frequency range | QuickPath Interface

|
|
|
|

Core i7 | i7-9xx | Performance Desktop | 2.66–3.20 GHz | 1× 4.8 GT/s
i7-9xx Extreme Edition | Extreme Desktop | 3.2–3.33 GHz | 1× 6.4 GT/s
Xeon | W35xx | Workstation | 2.4–3.2 GHz | 4.8–6.4 GT/s

## Processor cores

* The clock rates listed here are as specified by Intel for normal mode. "Turbo boost" can increase the rate on active cores in steps of the base clock (133 MHz if not overclocked) up to a predetermined limit for short periods when required, which can be useful with single threaded applications.
* The I7-965 XE and I7-975 XE have separate unlocked multipliers for memory and cores.
* Core clock above those in the table are not guaranteed by Intel.[3] A CPU Clock Speed of 6.158 GHz has been achieved.[5]
* Memory rates above those in the table are not guaranteed by Intel.[3] Memory Speeds of DDR3-2133 have been achieved.[6] Higher Rates have been Reported to have been achieved.
* The processor has a Thermal Design Power of 130 W and will slow itself down if this power is exceeded. This feature can be disabled from an option in most of the new motherboards' BIOS.[7]
* Prices are Intel's wholesale prices for lots of 1,000 units in US$ at product launch.

Core i7
Model[8] | nm | Cores
(threads)  | Clocks (GHz)  | Clock
multiplier  | Price
(US$)  | Cache  | Memory
controller[1][2][3] | QuickPath
interface  | Thermal design power
[7] | Socket  | Release
date

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Core  | Uncore | Base  | Core  | Uncore
i7-920  | 45 nm  | 4 (8)  | 2.66  | 2.13  | 0.133  | 20  | 16  | 284  | 256 kB L2/core
8 MB shared L3  | 3× DDR3-800/1,066 MT/s  | 1× 4.8 GT/s | 130 W | LGA 1366  | 2008-11-17
i7-930  | 2.80  | 21  | 294  | 2010-02-28
i7-940  | 2.93  | 22  | 562  | 2008-11-17
i7-950[9] | 3.06  | 23  | 2009-06-03
i7-960[10] | 3.20  | 24  | 2009-10-18
i7-965 Extreme Edition  | 3.20  | 2.66  | 20  | 999  | 1× 6.4 GT/s  | 2008-11-17
i7-975 Extreme Edition [9][11] | 3.33  | 25  | 2009-06-03

## Performance

* The Inquirer managed to get a 965 engineering sample to a core clock rate of up to 4 GHz with fan cooling and Turbo Boost.[citation needed]
* IT OC Taiwan overclocked an engineering sample of the 965, to 4.20 GHz with a QPI rate of 200 MHz and a multiplier value of 21.0. A vCore setting of 1.72 V was used, which is far higher than the stock voltage of 1.25V and could have led to damaging the CPU or motherboard.[12]
* A Core i7 940 system running at stock clock rates has obtained a 3DMark Vantage benchmark CPU score of 17,966.[13] A Core i7 920 system scored 16,294 running at stock clock rates. An Intel Core 2 Extreme QX9770, a very expensive member of the previous generation of Intel processors (costing over four times the price of the 920 at its launch), scored 13,182 also running at stock clock rates.[14]

* AnandTech tested the Intel QuickPath Interconnect (4.8 GT/s version) and found the copy bandwidth using triple-channel 1,066 MHz DDR3 was 12.0 GB/s. A 3.0 GHz Core 2 Quad system using dual-channel 1066 MHz DDR3 achieved 6.9 GB/s.[15]

* Maximum PC has discovered that Intel has unlocked the QPI clock and memory multipliers on retail 920s and 940s. This is allegedly due to consumer feedback.[16]

* Core i7-975 will have the new D0 Stepping. Tests made by X-bit labs shows that it has better energy efficiency and overclockability than C0 stepping.[17]

* The Intel Core i7-975 Extreme Edition was considered the world's fastest desktop processor (until the i7-980x) by a review from Hot Hardware. It runs at a clock rate of 3.33 GHz with Turbo Boost clock rates running the processor up 3.46 GHz with all four cores put at work and 3.6 GHz with a single core at work. The processor was overclocked to 4.1 GHz while keeping a 50 °C (122 °F) core temperature with the stock cooling unit.[18]

## Overclocking

The process of overclocking the Bloomfield architecture is similar to that of the AMD architecture due to the on-die MCH.[19] Over-clocking will be possible with the 900 series and a motherboard equipped with the X58 chipset. In early October 2008, reports surfaced that it will not be possible to use "performance" DDR3 DIMMs that require voltages higher than 1.65v, because the integrated memory controller within the Core i7 will be damaged.[20]

Bloomfield has three memory channels, and the channel bandwidth can be selected by setting the memory multiplier. However, in early benchmarks, when the clock rate is set higher than a threshold (1333 for the 965XE) the processor will only access two memory channels simultaneously. A 965XE has higher memory throughput with 3xDDR3-1333 than with 3xDDR3-1600, and 2xDDR3-1600 has almost identical throughput to 3xDDR3-1333.[citation needed]

## Drawbacks

The Core i7 Bloomfield does not support error-correcting memory.[1][2][3] Some motherboards with an LGA 1366 socket support both Core i7 and the Xeon 35xx and 55xx series processors, and advertise support for ECC memory.[21][22] However ECC functionality is only available if a Xeon is installed, not if a Core i7 is installed.

## Product evolution

The Core i7 950 and the Core i7 975 Extreme Edition were introduced in March 2009 with prices similar to the prices for the 940 and 965 Extreme Edition, respectively, but with better performance in each case. Intel has scheduled the discontinuation of the 940 and 965XE for Q3 2009.[23][24][25] Intel announced discontinuations in other older families at the same time.[26]

## See also

* Yorkfield (microprocessor)
* Gainestown (microprocessor)
* Lynnfield (microprocessor)
* List of Intel Xeon microprocessors
* List of Intel Core i7 microprocessors
* List of Macintosh models grouped by CPU type

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Intel Core i7-920 Processor (8M Cache, 2.66 GHz, 4.80 GT/s Intel QPI)". Intel. http://ark.intel.com/products/37147.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Intel Core i7-940 Processor (8M Cache, 2.93 GHz, 4.80 GT/s Intel QPI)". Intel. http://ark.intel.com/products/37148.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "Intel Core i7-965 Processor Extreme Edition (8M Cache, 3.20 GHz, 6.40 GT/s Intel QPI)". Intel. http://ark.intel.com/products/37149.
4. ↑ http://download.intel.com/design/processor/applnots/320354.pdf?iid=tech_tb+paper [bare URL PDF]
5. ↑ "CPU-Z Validator 3.1". http://valid.canardpc.com/show_oc.php?id=704031.
6. ↑ "Core i7 975 review". Guru3D.com. http://www.guru3d.com/article/core-i7-975-review/.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Intel Core i7 Processor Extreme Edition and Intel Core i7 Processor Datasheet, Volume 1". Intel. 2008-11-04. http://download.intel.com/design/processor/datashts/320834.pdf.
8. ↑ "Box codes". 2008-09-16. http://www.hwbox.gr/showthread.php?t=2300.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Worrel, Jon (2009-02-09). "Core i7 950 and 975 to replace 940 and 965". Fudzilla. http://www.fudzilla.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=11906&Itemid=1.
10. ↑ Hagedoorn, Hilbert (2009-06-16). "Intel to launch new Core i7 960 and Celerons on the 18th of october". Guru3d. http://www.guru3d.com/news/intel-to-launch-new-core-i7-960-and-celerons/.
11. ↑ "New Core i7 975 Extreme Edition Surfaces". techPowerUp. http://www.techpowerup.com/index.php?83982.
12. ↑ "Core i7 965 XE Races Through to 4.20 GHz". http://www.techpowerup.com/73557/Core_i7_965_XE_Races_Through_to_4.20_GHz.html.
13. ↑ Nguyen, Tuan (2008-07-09). "'Nehalem' 2.93 GHz Benches Revealed". Tom's Hardware. http://www.tomshardware.co.uk/intel-nehalem-core,news-28701.html.
14. ↑ "Tom's Hardware: Desktop CPU Charts Q3/2008: 3d Mark Vantage - CPU". Tom's Hardware. 2008-11-05. http://www.tomshardware.com/charts/desktop-cpu-charts-q3-2008/3DMark-Vantage-CPU,817.html.
15. ↑ "Intel does it again". AnandTech. 2008-06-05. http://www.anandtech.com/cpuchipsets/intel/showdoc.aspx?i=3326&p=5.
16. ↑ "Retail Core i7 CPUs More Powerful than Originally Reported". Maximum PC. 2009-03-04. http://www.maximumpc.com/article/features/exclusive_retail_core_i7_cpus_more_powerful_originally_reported.
17. ↑ "First Look at Core i7-975 XE: D0 Processor Stepping in Action". X-bit labs. 2009-04-21. http://www.xbitlabs.com/articles/cpu/display/core-i7-975xe.html.
18. ↑ "Intel Core i7 975 Extreme Edition Processor Review - Page 10". 3 June 2009. http://hothardware.com/Articles/Intel-Core-i7-975-Extreme-Edition-Processor-Review/?page=10.
19. ↑ "Core i7 sees new WR at 5510MHz on Rampage II". 2 December 2008. http://www.tweaktown.com/news/10743/core_i7_sees_new_wr_at_5510mhz_on_rampage_ii/index.html.
20. ↑ Taylor, Paul (2008-10-03). "Performance RAM will damage your Nehalem". The Inquirer. http://www.theinquirer.net/gb/inquirer/news/2008/10/03/performance-ram-damage-nehalem.
21. ↑ Supermicro's C7X58 and X8SAX Supermicro's X8SAX page
22. ↑ "P6T6 WS Revolution". http://www.asus.com/Product.aspx?P_ID=WqMFKNkS6ZjDLx4S.
23. ↑ "Intel's Core i7 965 EE, 940 To See EOL in September". VR-Zone. 2009-05-07. http://vr-zone.com/articles/intel-s-core-i7-965-ee-940-to-see-eol-in-september/7011.html?doc=7011.
24. ↑ Intel's Discontinuation notice for 965XE
25. ↑ Intel's discontinuation notice for 940
26. ↑ "Intel updates CPU phase-out schedule; to skip Havendale and go directly to Clarkdale". 18 June 2009. http://www.digitimes.com/news/a20090618PD214.html.

## External links

* Intel Core i7 web page
* Intel Core i7 Extreme Edition web page
* Intel Core i7 Processors: Nehalem and X58 Have Arrived - HotHardware Performance Evaluation
* Intel Core i7-975 XE and Core i7-950 Review: Lineup Update and New Stepping

* v
* t
* e

Intel processors

Discontinued

BCD oriented (4-bit)|

* 4004 (1971)
* 4040 (1974)

pre-x86 (8-bit)|

* 8008 (1972)
* 8080 (1974)
* 8085 (1977)

Early x86 (16-bit)|

* 8086 (1978)
* 8088 (1979)
* 80186 (1982)
* 80188 (1982)
* 80286 (1982)

x87 (external FPUs)|

8/16-bit databus
8087 (1980)
16-bit databus
80187
80287
80387SX
32-bit databus
80387DX
80487

IA-32 (32-bit)|

* 80386
* SX
* 376
* EX
* 80486
* SX
* DX2
* DX4
* SL
* RapidCAD
* OverDrive
* A100/A110
* Celeron (1998)
* M
* D (2004)
* Pentium
* Original P5
* OverDrive
* Pro
* II
* II OverDrive
* III
* 4
* M
* Dual-Core
* some Core
* Solo
* Duo
* Tolapai

x86-64 (64-bit)|

* Celeron
* D
* Dual-Core
* Pentium
* 4
* D
* Extreme Edition
* Dual-Core
* some Core
* 2
* some i7

Other|

CISC
iAPX 432
Itanium
RISC
i860
i960
StrongARM
XScale

Current

IA-32 (32-bit)|

* Atom
* CE
* SoC
* Quark

x86-64 (64-bit)|

* Atom
* CE
* SoC
* Celeron
* Pentium
* Core
* i3
* i5
* i7
* i9
* M
* Xeon
* E3
* E5
* E7
* D
* Phi

Lists

* Celeron
* Pentium
* Pro
* II
* III
* 4
* D
* M
* Core
* Core
* 2
* i3
* i5
* i7
* i9
* M
* Atom
* Xeon
* Itanium

Related

* Tick–tock model
* Chipsets
* GPUs
* GMA
* HD and Iris Graphics
* PCHs
* SCHs
* ICHs
* PIIXs
* Stratix
* Codenames

Microarchitectures

x86|

| P5|

800 nm

600 nm
P54C
350 nm
P54CS
P55C
250 nm
Tillamook

|

P6, Pentium M,
Enhanced Pentium M|

500 nm

350 nm

Klamath
250 nm
Mendocino
Dixon
Tonga
Covington
Deschutes
Katmai
Drake
Tanner
180 nm
Coppermine
Coppermine T
Timna
Cascades
130 nm
Tualatin
Banias
90 nm
Dothan
Stealey
Tolapai
Canmore
65 nm
Yonah
Sossaman

NetBurst|

180 nm
Willamette
Foster
130 nm
Northwood
Gallatin
Prestonia
90 nm
Tejas and Jayhawk
Prescott
Smithfield
Nocona
Irwindale
Cranford
Potomac
Paxville
65 nm
Cedar Mill
Presler
Dempsey
Tulsa

Core|

65 nm
Merom-L
Merom
Conroe-L
Allendale
Conroe
Kentsfield
Woodcrest
Clovertown
Tigerton

45 nm
Penryn
Penryn-QC
Wolfdale
Yorkfield
Wolfdale-DP
Harpertown
Dunnington

Nehalem|

45 nm
Auburndale
Beckton (Nehalem-EX)
Bloomfield
Clarksfield
Gainestown (Nehalem-EP)
Havendale
Jasper Forest
Lynnfield

32 nm
Arrandale
Clarkdale
Gulftown (Westmere-EP)
Westmere-EX

Sandy Bridge|

32 nm
Sandy Bridge
Sandy Bridge-E
Gladden

22 nm
Ivy Bridge
Ivy Bridge-EP
Ivy Bridge-EX

Haswell|

22 nm
Haswell

14 nm
Broadwell

Skylake|

14 nm
Skylake
Kaby Lake (Amber Lake • Whiskey Lake)
Coffee Lake
Cascade Lake
Comet Lake

Palm Cove|

10 nm
Cannon Lake

Sunny Cove|

14 nm
Cooper Lake

10 nm
Ice Lake

Willow Cove|

14 nm
Rocket Lake

10 nm
Tiger Lake
Sapphire Rapids

Golden Cove|

7 nm
Alder Lake
Granite Rapids

Atom|

| Bonnell
Saltwell|

45 nm
Silverthorne
Diamondville
Pineview
Lincroft
Tunnel Creek
Stellarton
Sodaville
Groveland

32 nm
Cedarview
Penwell
Cloverview
Berryville
Centerton

|

Silvermont
Airmont|

22 nm
Valleyview
Tangier
Anniedale

14 nm
Cherryview

Goldmont|

14 nm
Goldmont
Goldmont Plus

Tremont|

10 nm
Tremont
Gracemont

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