Bowed string instrument

Bowed string instruments are a subcategory of string instruments that are played by a bow rubbing the strings. The bow rubbing the string causes vibration which the instrument emits as sound.

The Arabic rabāb is the earliest known bowed instrument,[1] and the ancestor of all European bowed instruments, including the rebec, lyra and violin.[2]

## Contents

* 1 List of bowed string instruments
* 1.1 Violin family
* 1.2 Viol family (Viola da Gamba family)
* 1.3 Lyra and Rebec Type
* 1.4 Chinese Bowed Instruments
* 1.5 Rosined wheel instruments
* 1.6 Other bowed instruments
* 2 See also
* 3 References

## List of bowed string instruments

### Violin family

Niccolò Paganini playing the violin, by Georg Friedrich Kersting (1785–1847)

* Violin (violino)
* Viola (altviol, bratsche)
* Cello (violoncello)
* Double bass (contrabasso)

Variants on the standard four members of the violin family include:

* Viola profonda
* Violin octet
* Fiddle
* Five string violin
* Cello da spalla
* Baroque violin
* Kontra
* Kit violin
* Stroh violin
* Låtfiol
* Hardanger fiddle
* Lira da braccio
* Octobass

### Viol family (Viola da Gamba family)

Karl Friedrich Abel playing the bass Viola da Gamba, by Thomas Gainsborough (1727–1788)

* Treble viol (treble viola da gamba)
* Alto viol (alto viola da gamba)
* Tenor viol (tenor viola da gamba)
* Bass viol (bass viola da gamba)

Variants on the standard four members of the viol family include:

* Pardessus de viol
* Division viol
* Lyra viol
* Baryton
* Violone
* Viola d'amore
* Lirone
* Vihuela de arco

### Lyra and Rebec Type

* Byzantine lyra
* Cretan lyra
* Calabrian lira
* Gadulka
* Lijerica
* Pochette
* Rebec
* Rabeca
* Rebab
* Kemenche
* Kamancheh
* Kemençe of the Black Sea
* Classical kemençe

### Chinese Bowed Instruments

Two performers playing the Erhu, sometimes known as the Chinese fiddle.

* Banhu
* Daguangxian
* Dahu
* Dihu
* Diyingehu
* Erhu
* Erxian
* Gaohu
* Gehu
* Huqin
* Jiaohu
* Jinghu
* Jing erhu
* Laruan
* Leiqin
* Matouqin
* Maguhu
* Sanhu
* Sihu
* Tiqin
* Tihu
* Tuhu
* Yehu
* Yazheng
* Xiqin
* Zhonghu
* Zhuihu
* Zhuiqin
* Wenzhenqin
* Zhengni

### Rosined wheel instruments

A performer playing the Morin Khuur, the Mongolian Horse Fiddle

The following instruments are sounded by means of a turning wheel that acts as the bow.

* Organistrum
* Hurdy-gurdy
* Donskoy ryley
* Dulcigurdy a.k.a. Vielle à roue et à manche
* Drejelire
* Lira
* tekerő
* Ninera
* Kaisatsuko
* Violano Virtuoso
* Wheelharp
* Viola organista
* Harmonichord
* Bowed clavier

### Other bowed instruments

* Masenqo
* Violoncello da spalla
* Ravanahatha
* Ajaeng
* Yaylı tanbur
* Kingri string Instrument
* Shichepshin
* Đàn nhị
* Đàn hồ
* Đàn gáo
* Sohaegeum
* Haegeum
* Kokyū
* sorud
* Chuurqin
* Daxophone
* Arpeggione
* Bowed psaltery
* Bowed dulcimer
* Jouhikko
* Talharpa
* Gue
* Vielle
* Giga
* Fiðla
* Tautirut
* Agiarut
* Crwth
* Neola
* Bowed guitar
* Musical saw
* Morin khuur
* Gusle
* Saw duang
* Saw sam sai
* Saw u
* Salo (instrument)
* Tro Khmer
* Tro sau toch
* Tro sau thom
* Tro u
* huqin
* Sarangi
* Sarangi (Nepali)
* Sarinda
* Esraj
* Nyckelharpa (Swedish keyed fiddle)
* Ghaychak
* Gadulka
* Gudok
* Kobyz
* Sorahi
* Byzaanchy
* Igil
* Imzad

## See also

* Bow stroke

## References

1. ↑ "rabab (musical instrument) - Encyclopædia Britannica". Britannica.com. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/487848/rabab. Retrieved 2013-08-17.
2. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica (2009), lira, Encyclopædia Britannica Online, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/343204/lira, retrieved 2009-02-20

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