Douglas C-54 Skymaster

Short description: Military transport aircraft derived from DC-4

"C-54" redirects here. For other uses, see C-54 (disambiguation).

C-54 Skymaster

General information
National origin| United States
Manufacturer| Douglas Aircraft Company
Management and usage| United States Army Air Forces

United States Navy
United States Air Force

Number built| 1,170
History
Manufactured| 1942–1947
Introduction date| 1942
First flight| 14 February 1942
Retired| 1975
Developed from| Douglas DC-4

The Douglas C-54 Skymaster is a four-engined transport aircraft used by the United States Army Air Forces in World War II and the Korean War. Like the Douglas C-47 Skytrain derived from the DC-3, the C-54 Skymaster was derived from a civilian airliner, the Douglas DC-4. Besides transport of cargo, the C-54 also carried presidents, prime ministers, and military staff. Dozens of variants of the C-54 were employed in a wide variety of non-combat roles such as air-sea rescue, scientific and military research, and missile tracking and recovery. During the Berlin Airlift it hauled coal and food supplies to West Berlin. After the Korean War it continued to be used for military and civilian uses by more than 30 countries. It was one of the first aircraft to carry the President of the United States, the first being President Franklin D. Roosevelt during World War II.

## Contents

* 1 Design and development
* 2 Operational history
* 3 Variants
* 4 Operators
* 5 Accidents and incidents
* 5.1 Experimental "tank drop" (1943)
* 5.2 1946 American Overseas Airlines Douglas DC-4 crash
* 5.3 Crashing in the sea (1947)
* 5.4 Massachusetts crash (1948)
* 5.5 Disappearance (1950)
* 5.6 Attack
* 5.7 Crashed (1950)
* 5.8 Crashing in the sea (1951)
* 5.9 Berlin corridor attack (1952)
* 5.10 Shoot-down by the PRC (1954)
* 5.11 Crashed in Nevada, United States (1955)
* 5.12 Explosion in North Africa (1955)
* 5.13 Disappearance (1964)
* 6 Aircraft on display
* 6.1 Germany
* 6.2 Netherlands
* 6.3 Saudi Arabia
* 6.4 South Korea
* 6.5 Turkey
* 6.6 United States
* 6.7 Venezuela
* 7 Specifications (C-54G-DO)
* 8 Notable appearances in media
* 9 See also
* 10 References
* 10.1 Notes
* 10.2 Citations
* 10.3 Bibliography
* 11 External links
* 12 Initial visibility
* 13 TemplateData
* 14 Template transclusions
* 15 Initial visibility
* 16 TemplateData
* 17 Initial visibility
* 18 TemplateData
* 19 Template transclusions
* 20 Initial visibility
* 21 TemplateData

## Design and development

A USAAF Douglas C-54 (s/n 41-37271), circa 1943

With the looming entry of the United States into World War II, in June 1941 the War Department took over the provision orders for the airlines for the Douglas DC-4 and allocated them to the United States Army Air Forces with the designation C-54 Skymaster. The first, a C-54, flew from Clover Field in Santa Monica, California on 14 February 1942.[1]

To meet military requirements, the first civil production aircraft had four additional auxiliary fuel tanks in the main cabin, which reduced the number of passenger seats to 26. The following batch of aircraft, designated C-54A, were built with a stronger floor and a cargo door with a hoist and winch. The first C-54A was delivered in February 1943. The C-54B, introduced in March 1944, had integral fuel tanks in the outer wings, allowing two of the cabin tanks to be removed. This change allowed 49 seats (or 16 stretchers) to be fitted. The C-54C, a hybrid for Presidential use, had a C-54A fuselage with four cabin fuel tanks and C-54B wings with built in tanks to achieve maximum range.

The most common variant was the C-54D, which entered service in August 1944. Based on the C-54B, it was fitted with more powerful R-2000-11 engines. With the C-54E, the last two cabin fuel tanks were moved to the wings which allowed more freight or 44 passenger seats.

Aircraft transferred to the United States Navy were designated Douglas R5D. With the introduction of the Tri-Service aircraft designation system in 1962, all R5Ds were re-designated C-54.

## Operational history

C-54s began service with the USAAF in 1942, carrying up to 26 passengers, later versions carrying up to 50 passengers. The C-54 was one of the most commonly used long-range transports by the U.S. armed forces in World War II. Of the C-54s produced, 515 were manufactured in Santa Monica, California and 655 were manufactured at Orchard Place/Douglas Field, in unincorporated Cook County, Illinois, near Chicago (later the site of O'Hare International Airport).[2]

A C-54 landing at Tempelhof airport during the Berlin Airlift

During World War II, the C-54 was used by Franklin D. Roosevelt, Douglas MacArthur, and Winston Churchill. The American delegates to the Casablanca Conference used the Skymaster.[3] The C-54 was also used by the Royal Air Force, the French Air Force, and the armed forces of at least 12 other nations.

President Harry S. Truman signed the National Security Act of 1947, which created the U.S. Air Force, on board Sacred Cow, the Presidential VC-54C which is preserved at the National Museum of the United States Air Force near Dayton, Ohio. More than 300 C-54s and R5Ds formed the backbone of the US contribution to the Berlin Airlift in 1948. They also served as the main airlift during the Korean War. After the Korean War, the C-54 was replaced by the Douglas C-124 Globemaster II, but continued to be used by the U.S. Air Force until 1972. The last active C-54 Skymaster in U.S. Navy service (C-54Q, BuNo 56501, of the Navy Test Pilot School, NAS Patuxent River) was retired on 2 April 1974.[4]

In late 1945, several hundred C-54s were surplus to U.S. military requirements and these were converted for civil airline operation, many by Douglas Aircraft at its aircraft plants. The aircraft were sold to airlines around the world. By January 1946, Pan American Airways was operating their Skymasters on transatlantic scheduled services to Europe and beyond. Trans-Pacific schedules from San Francisco to Auckland began on 6 June 1946.[5] After disposal by the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Navy, many C-54s were modified for use in civilian firefighting and air tanker roles. This included fitting tanks inside and under the fuselage and the fitting of dumping and spraying equipment on the wing trailing edges. C-54s continued in this role until the late 1990s.

## Variants

Netherlands Government Air Transport C-54A on display at the Aviodrome

C-54
First production variant adapted from DC-4, 24 built.
C-54A
First military version with strengthened airframe, increased fuel capacity, provision for passengers or cargo, Navy equivalent R5D-1, 252 built.
C-54B
Increased fuel capacity in the wing, One was used by Winston Churchill, 220 built.
C-54D
Same as C-54B but with R-2000-11 engines, 380 built.
C-54E
Further revision to fuel tanks and provision for rapid conversion from passenger to cargo, 125 built.
C-54G
Same as C-54E but with different version of the R-2000 engine. 400 ordered, of which 162 were completed and the remainder were cancelled at the end of WW2.

## Operators

## Accidents and incidents

### Experimental "tank drop" (1943)

On 9 July 1943, USAAF C-54A 41-37271 crashed in a mid-air collision with a C-40A at Wright Field, Ohio. While para-dropping a Studebaker T-24 Weasel which was slung under the fuselage, the C-54 collided with the C-40A photographic chase plane. Three of the five crew of the C-54A and all five aboard the C-40A were killed.[6]

### 1946 American Overseas Airlines Douglas DC-4 crash

On October 3, 1946, an American Overseas Airlines (AOA) Douglas C-54 aircraft named Flagship New England crashed soon after take-off from Stephenville, Newfoundland, killing all 39 people on board. It was, at the time, the deadliest aircraft crash on Newfoundland soil.[7]

A USAF C-54 destroyed by North Korean fighters, 1950

### Crashing in the sea (1947)

On 3 July 1947, US Army Air Forces C-54G 45-519 crashed in the Atlantic 294 miles off Florida after a loss of control caused by turbulence from a storm, killing the six crew.[8]

### Massachusetts crash (1948)

Monument dedicated to the victims of the 1948 crash

On 14 May 1948, an army transport plane flying through a rainstorm crashed in Northampton, Massachusetts, killing the three crew members aboard.[9]

### Disappearance (1950)

On 26 January 1950, a C-54D operated by the United States Air Force disappeared during a flight between Anchorage-Elmendorf Air Force Base (Alaska) and Great Falls Air Force Base (Montana) with a crew of eight and 36 passengers (34 service personnel and two civilians).[10][11] Its last radio call was over Snag, Yukon. No trace of the aircraft or its occupants has ever been found.

### Attack

On June 25, 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea. North Korean fighter aircraft attacked airfields at Kimpo and Seoul, the South Korean capital, destroying one USAF C-54 on the ground at Kimpo Air Base.[12]

### Crashed (1950)

On 19 September 1950, a U.S. Navy C-54 en route to Korea crashed into the sea approximately one minute after takeoff from Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands. The aircraft had 26 personnel aboard including eleven nurses. There were no survivors.[13]

### Crashing in the sea (1951)

On 31 January 1951, the C-54D with tail number 282 of the Portuguese Military Aeronautics, operated by the Search and Rescue Squadron of the Lajes Air Base, Azores, flying from the Lisbon Airport back to its base, crashed in the Atlantic, when approaching Lajes. All of the 14 people on board (two pilots, nine mechanics and three other military personnel) were killed.[14]

### Berlin corridor attack (1952)

On 29 April 1952, an Air France Douglas C-54A (registration F-BELI) operating a scheduled service from Frankfurt Rhein-Main Airport to Berlin Tempelhof Airport came under sustained attack from two Soviet MiG-15 fighters while passing through one of the Allied air corridors over East Germany. Although the attack had severely damaged the aircraft, necessitating the shutdown of engines number three and four, the pilot in command of the aircraft managed to carry out a safe emergency landing at Tempelhof Airport. A subsequent inspection of the aircraft's damage revealed that it had been hit by 89 shots fired from the Soviet MiGs. There were no fatalities among the 17 occupants (six crew, 11 passengers) despite the severity of the attack. The Soviet military authorities defended this attack on an unarmed civilian aircraft by claiming the Air France plane was outside the air corridor at the time of attack.[15]

### Shoot-down by the PRC (1954)

On 23 July 1954, a Douglas C-54 Skymaster civilian airliner, registration VR-HEU, operated by Cathay Pacific Airways, en route from Bangkok to Hong Kong, was shot and heavily damaged by Chinese PLAAF Lavochkin La-11 fighters off the coast of Hainan Island. The pilot was able to ditch the aircraft, and whilst ten people on board were killed as a result of the attack, another nine were rescued by a USAF Grumman HU-16 Albatross Air-Sea Rescue plane.[16][17][18][19]

### Crashed in Nevada, United States (1955)

On 17 November 1955, United States Air Force C-54 Flight 9068 crashed into the south eastern flank of 11,916 foot Mount Charleston at approximately the 11,300 foot elevation. The crash occurred at roughly 8:30am during a high wind snowstorm with limited visibility approximately 35 miles northwest of Las Vegas. The airplane was en route to a classified destination referred to as "Watertown" (now known as the Area 51 test site in Nevada) from Burbank, California. There were 14 passengers and air crew on board from the U.S. Air Force, the CIA, and several government contractors who were working on the top secret U-2 spy plane project. There were no survivors and the crash investigation remained classified until 1998.[20]

### Explosion in North Africa (1955)

On 11 December 1955, the C-54 of the United States Air Force's 1700th Air Transport Group, based at Kelly Field, San Antonio, Tex. The transport crashed in the Gomor district near the border, between French and Spanish Morocco. Flying from Wheelus Field in Tripoli to Casablanca, it was believed en route to the United States. Eight United States airmen died when their plane exploded in the rugged Riff Mountains of North Africa.[21]

### Disappearance (1964)

On 28 March 1964, a C-54A disappeared over the Pacific (about 1120 km west of San Francisco—last reported position:  [ ⚑ ] 29°20′N 135°00′W﻿ / ﻿29.33°N 135.00°W﻿ / 29.33; -135.00) on an executive passenger flight from Honolulu International Airport, Hawaii to Los Angeles International Airport, California. The pilot reported a fire in No. 2 engine, which might make it necessary to ditch. Nothing more was heard from the aircraft, nor was any trace of it found despite an extensive search. Three crew and six passengers died in the accident.[22]

## Aircraft on display

C-54D at the Jeju Aerospace Museum VC-54C at the National Museum of the United States Air Force R5D-3 near the Travis Air Force Base Aviation Museum

### Germany

* 44-9063 – C-54G on static display at Frankfurt Airport in Frankfurt, Hesse.[23]
* 45-0557 – C-54G on static display at Tempelhof Airport with the Deutsches Technik Museum in Berlin.[24][25]

### Netherlands

* 42-107469 – C-54A on static display at the Aviodrome in Lelystad.[26]

### Saudi Arabia

* 450 – C-54A on static display at the Royal Saudi Air Force Museum in Riyadh.[27]

### South Korea

* 0-50582 – C-54E on static display at the KAI Aerospace Museum in Sacheon.[28][29]
* 0-72740 – C-54D on static display at the Jeju Aerospace Museum in Jeju.[30][31]

### Turkey

* 10683 – C-54D on static display at the Istanbul Aviation Museum in Istanbul.[32]

### United States

* 50874 – R5D-3 on static display at the Aerospace Museum of California in McClellan, California.[33]
* 56505 – R5D-3 on static display at the Travis Air Force Base Aviation Museum in Fairfield, California.[34]
* 56506 – C-54Q on static display at the Western Sky Aviation Warbird Museum in St. George, Utah.[35][36]
* 56511 – VC-54S on static display at the South Dakota Air and Space Museum in Box Elder, South Dakota.[37][38]
* 56514 – R5D-3 on static display at the March Field Air Museum in Riverside, California.[39]
* 90407 – R5D-4 on static display at Castle Air Museum in Atwater, California.[40]
* 90411 – C-54T on static display at Historic Wendover Airfield in Wendover, Utah.[41][42]
* 42-72488 – C-54D on static display at the Pima Air & Space Museum in Tucson, Arizona.[43]
* 42-72724 – C-54D on static display at the Strategic Air Command & Aerospace Museum in Ashland, Nebraska.[44]
* 42-107451 – VC-54C on static display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio.[45]
* 44-9030 – C-54M on static display at the Air Mobility Command Museum in Dover, Delaware.[46]
* 45-0502 – C-45G on static display at the Hill Aerospace Museum in Roy, Utah.[47]
* 45-0579 – C-54G on static display at the Museum of Aviation in Warner Robins, Georgia.[48]

### Venezuela

* 7-AT-1 – C-54A on static display at the Aeronautics Museum of Maracay in Maracay, Aragua.[49]

## Specifications (C-54G-DO)

Three-view line drawing of the Douglas R5D-2 Skymaster Cockpit of a restored C-54 Skymaster, N500EJ, Spirit of Freedom of the Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation

Data from McDonnell Douglas aircraft since 1920 : Volume I[50]

General characteristics

* Crew: four
* Capacity: 50 troops / 32,500 lb (14,700 kg) cargo
* Length: 93 ft 10 in (28.60 m)
* Wingspan: 117 ft 6 in (35.81 m)
* Height: 27 ft 6 in (8.38 m)
* Wing area: 1,460 sq ft (136 m2)
* Airfoil: root: NACA 23016; tip: NACA 23012[51]
* Empty weight: 38,930 lb (17,658 kg)
* Gross weight: 62,000 lb (28,123 kg)
* Max takeoff weight: 73,000 lb (33,112 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 2,868 US gal (2,388 imp gal; 10,860 l) normal fuel load; 3,592 US gal (2,991 imp gal; 13,600 l) with auxiliary fuel
* Powerplant: 4 × Pratt & Whitney R-2000-9 Twin Wasp 14-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engines:

* 1,450 hp (1,080 kW) takeoff rating
* 1,100 hp (820 kW) normal rating at 7,500 ft (2,300 m)

* Propellers: 3-bladed constant-speed fully-feathering propellers

Performance

* Maximum speed: 275 mph (443 km/h, 239 kn) at 20,000 ft (6,100 m)
* Cruise speed: 190 mph (310 km/h, 170 kn) at 10,000 ft (3,000 m)
* Range: 4,000 mi (6,400 km, 3,500 nmi) with 4,000 lb (1,800 kg) payload
* Service ceiling: 22,300 ft (6,800 m)
* Time to altitude: 10,000 ft (3,000 m) in 14 minutes 36 seconds
* Wing loading: 42.5 lb/sq ft (208 kg/m2)
* Power/mass: 0.0935 hp/lb (0.1537 kW/kg)

## Notable appearances in media

A C-54, registration C-FIQM (Buffalo 5-721 (tail 57)), was used as a substitute Lancaster bomber due to its similar top speed and maximum payload, for a recreation of Operation Chastise with its bouncing bomb. It was filmed in the UK documentary Dambusters: Building the Bouncing Bomb, Canadian documentary Dambusters Fly Again, Nova season 39 episode "Bombing Hitler's Dams", and Ice Pilots NWT season 3 episode 2 "Dambusters".[52][53][54][55][56][57] The 1950 drama, "The Big Lift" features C-54s flying the Berlin Airlift.

## See also

Related development

* Aviation Traders Carvair
* Canadair North Star
* Douglas DC-4
* Douglas DC-6
* Douglas DC-7

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

* Avro York
* Boeing 307 Stratoliner
* Lockheed Constellation
* Lockheed L-049 Constellation

Related lists

* List of aircraft
* List of aircraft of World War II
* List of civil aircraft
* List of military aircraft of the United States
* List of United States Navy aircraft designations (pre-1962)

## References

### Notes

### Citations

1. ↑ "TINKER HISTORY: Douglas C-54 Skymaster". Tinker Air Force Base. Greg L. Davis, Tinker Air Force Base, 24 March 2017. 24 March 2017. https://www.tinker.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/1132101/tinker-history-douglas-c-54-skymaster/.
2. ↑ "History of O'Hare Int'l Airport." FAA. Retrieved: 1 May 2015.
3. ↑ Lavery 2007
4. ↑ "The Seventies 1970–1980." history.navy.mil. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
5. ↑ Berry 1967, p. 7.
6. ↑ Report of Aircraft Accident 44-7-9-25. US Army Air Forces. 22 July 1943.
7. ↑ "Accident report". ASN. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19461003-0.
8. ↑ Accident description for 45-519 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 7 November 2013.
9. ↑ "ARMY PLANE FALLS; 3 DIE; Jackson Heights Man Is Among Massachusetts Crash Victims". The New York Times. 1948-05-14. https://www.nytimes.com/1948/05/14/archives/army-plane-falls-3-die-jackson-heights-man-is-among-massachusetts.html.
10. ↑ Ranter, Harro and Fabian I. Lujan. 'Douglas C-54D-1-DC 42-72469 Snag, YT". Aviation Safety Net, 2008. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
11. ↑ Kennebec, Matt. "Douglas DC-4 C-54D." 1000 Photos, 2010. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
12. ↑ "Air War Korea, 1950-53". https://www.airandspaceforces.com/article/1000korea/.
13. ↑ "Korean War Educator: Topics - Airplane Crashes - C-54 Skymaster Kwajalein September 19, 1950". http://www.koreanwar-educator.org/topics/airplane_crashes/c54_skymaster_kwajalein_19500919/p_c54_skymaster.htm#:~:text=C-54 Skymaster Crash, September 19, 1950&text=According to KWE member Art,26 Naval personnel on board..
14. ↑ Douglas C-54D-1-DC (DC-4) 282 Aviation Safety Net, 2008. Retrieved: 22 March 2017.
15. ↑ ASN "Aircraft accident description Douglas C-54A-DO F-BELI – near Berlin, Germany." Aviation Safety Net. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
16. ↑ "ASN Aircraft accident Douglas C-54A-10-DC VR-HEU Hainan Island." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
17. ↑ "Accident details – VR-HEU." Plane Crash Info. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
18. ↑ "VR-HEU Account by passenger: Valerie Parish." Major Commercial Airline Disasters. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
19. ↑ "VR-HEU." The Life & Times of James Harper. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
20. ↑ Plaskon, Kyril D. (2015) (in English). Silent Heroes of the Cold War - Declassified (2nd ed.). Las Vegas, Nevada: Silent Heroes of the Cold War Memorial Committee. pp. 10–30. ISBN 978-1507884669.
21. ↑ "Bulter Airman Dies in Crash". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette: pp. 26. 1955-12-14. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/120355572/bulter-airman-dies-in-crash/.
22. ↑ Ranter, Harro and Fabian I. Lujan. "ASN Aircraft accident Douglas C-54A-10-DC N4726V San Francisco, CA." Aviation Safety Network, 2011. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
23. ↑ "Airframe Dossier - Douglas C-54G Skymaster, s/n 44-9063 USAAF, c/n 27289, c/r N88887". http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=70529.
24. ↑ "Aircraft on Loan (by Location)". April 2016. http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Portals/7/documents/other/aircraft_on_loan_by_location.pdf.
25. ↑ "Airframe Dossier - Douglas C-54G-5-DO Skymaster, s/n 45-0557 USAAF, c/n 36010". http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=28449.
26. ↑ "Douglas C-54A Skymaster". https://www.aviodrome.nl/en/collection/douglas-c54a-skymaster.
27. ↑ "Airframe Dossier - Douglas C-54A-5-DC Skymaster, s/n 450 RSaAF, c/n 10303, c/r HZ-AAH". http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=41775.
28. ↑ "야외전시장" (in Korean). http://www.kaimuseum.co.kr/ko/index.php?pCode=MN0000006.
29. ↑ "Airframe Dossier - Douglas C-54G Skymaster, s/n 0-50582 ROKAF". http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=6136.
30. ↑ "Outdoor Exhibition". http://www.jdc-jam.com/jamEng/exhibit/outdoor.do.
31. ↑ Baugher, Joe (7 August 2023). "1942 USAAF Serial Numbers (42-70686 to 42-91973)". http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_serials/1942_4.html.
32. ↑ "Airframe Dossier - Douglas C-54D-10-DC Skymaster, s/n 10683 THK, c/n 10788". http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=56741.
33. ↑ "Douglas C-54D Skymaster". http://www.aerospaceca.org/douglas-c-54d-skymaster.
34. ↑ "C-54D "Skymaster"". http://www.travisafbaviationmuseum.org/c-54d.
35. ↑ "Museum Projects". http://www.westernskywarbirds.org/museum-projects.html.
36. ↑ "Airframe Dossier - Douglas C-54Q Skymaster, s/n 56506 USN, c/n 10673, c/r N55CW". http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=48553.
37. ↑ "Exhibits". http://www.sdairandspacemuseum.com/exhibits.
38. ↑ "Airframe Dossier - Douglas VC-54S Skymaster, s/n 56511 USN, c/n 10697, c/r N67029". http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=60169.
39. ↑ "C-54Q Skymaster / R5-D". 4 June 2024. http://www.marchfield.org/c-54q-skymaster-r5-d.
40. ↑ "Douglas R5D-4 Skymaster". http://www.castleairmuseum.org/douglas_r5d4.html.
41. ↑ "Douglas C-54 Skymaster". 21 May 2021. http://www.wendoverairfield.org/douglas-c-54-skymaster.
42. ↑ "Airframe Dossier - Douglas C-54T Skymaster, s/n 90411 USMC, c/n 27367, c/r N8502R". http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=66637.
43. ↑ "Douglas C-54D Skymaster". http://www.pimaair.org/museum-aircraft/douglas-c-54d.
44. ↑ "C-54D "Skymaster"". http://www.sacmuseum.org/visit/exhibit/c-54d-skymaster.
45. ↑ "Douglas VC-54C "Sacred Cow"". http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/195813/douglas-vc-54c-sacred-cow.
46. ↑ "C-54M Skymaster". http://www.amcmuseum.org/at-the-museum/aircraft/c-54m-skymaster.
47. ↑ "Douglas C-54G-1-DO Skymaster". 30 August 2021. http://www.aerospaceutah.org/museum/our-collections/aircraft-collection/c-54-g-skymaster.
48. ↑ "C-54G Skymaster". http://www.museumofaviation.org/portfolio/c-54g-skymaster.
49. ↑ "Airframe Dossier - Douglas C-54A-5-DC Skymaster, s/n 7-AT-1 FAV, c/n 10287, c/r 7-AT-1". http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=61839.
50. ↑ Francillon, René J. (1988). McDonnell Douglas aircraft since 1920 : Volume I. London: Naval Institute Press. pp. 313–333. ISBN 0870214284.
51. ↑ Lednicer, David. "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html.
52. ↑ "Dambusters Fly Again." History Television, August 2011. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
53. ↑ Chivers, Tom. "The day the Dam Busters returned... in Canada." The Telegraph (London), 2 May 2011. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
54. ↑ Bryan, Hal. "'Ice Pilots' Help Re-Create 'Dambusters'" . EAA, 5 May 2011. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
55. ↑ "Dambusters: Building the Bouncing Bomb." Channel 4, 2011. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.
56. ↑ "Bombing Hitler's Dams". PBS, WGBH, Nova. Retrieved: 12 January 2012.
57. ↑ "Ice Pilots NWT: Season 3, Episode 2: Dambusters." History Television. Retrieved: 15 May 2012.

### Bibliography

* Berry, Peter et al. The Douglas DC-4. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd., 1967.
* Blewett, R. Survivors. Coulsden, UK: Aviation Classics, 2007. ISBN 978-0-9530413-4-3.
* Eastwood, Tony and John Roach. Piston Engine Airliner Production List. West Drayton, UK: Aviation Hobby Shop, 1991. ISBN 0-907178-37-5.
* Francillon, René. McDonnell Douglas Aircraft Since 1920: Volume I. London: Putnam, 1979. ISBN 0-87021-428-4.
* Lavery, Brian: Churchill Goes to War: Winston's Wartime Journeys. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 2007. ISBN 978-1-591141-037.
* Lawrence, Joseph (1945). The Observer's Book Of Airplanes. London and New York: Frederick Warne & Co.
* Milberry, Larry. The Canadair North Star. Toronto: CANAV Books, 1982. ISBN 0-07-549965-7.
* Pearcy, Arthur. Douglas Propliners: DC-1–DC-7. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing, 1995. ISBN 1-85310-261-X.
* Pickler, Ron and Larry Milberry. Canadair: The First 50 Years. Toronto: CANAV Books, 1995. ISBN 0-921022-07-7.
* Yenne, Bill. McDonnell Douglas: A Tale of Two Giants.Greenwich, Connecticut: Bison Books, 1985. ISBN 0-517-44287-6.

## External links

* AN 01-40NU-1 Handbook Flight Operating Instructions USAF Series C-54G and Navy Model R5D-5 Aircraft
* Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation—Operates C-54 "Spirit of Freedom" as flying Berlin Airlift Museum
* Air Force Association page on C-54
* Warbird Alley: C-54 page
* Cockpit View of C-54 During Landing/Taxi
* Boeing McDonnell Douglas page on DC-4
* The last passenger certified & built DC-4s in the world
* Handbook of operation and flight instructions for the model C-54 airplane, C-54A airplane

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Template:Douglas DC-4 family

Designation sequences for this aircraft:

* v
* t
* e

United States military transport aircraft designations, Army/Air Force and Tri-Service systems

Army/Air Force sequence
(1925–1962)|

* C-1
* C-2
* C-3
* C-4
* C-5
* C-6
* C-7
* C-8
* C-9
* C-10
* C-11
* C-12
* C-131
* C-14
* C-15
* C-16
* C-17
* C-18
* C-19
* C-20
* C-21
* C-22
* C-23
* C-24
* C-25
* C-26
* C-27
* C-28
* C-29
* C-30
* C-31
* C-32
* C-33
* C-34
* C-35
* C-36
* C-37
* C-38
* C-39
* C-40
* C-41
* C-41A
* C-42
* C-43
* C-44
* C-45
* C-46
* C-47
* C-47F
* C-47T
* AC-47
* C-48
* C-49
* C-50
* C-51
* C-52
* C-53
* C-54
* C-55
* C-56
* C-57
* C-58
* C-59
* C-60
* C-61
* C-62
* C-63
* C-64
* C-65
* C-66
* C-67
* C-68
* C-69
* C-70
* C-70B
* C-71
* C-72
* C-73
* C-74
* C-75
* C-76
* C-77
* C-77B–D
* C-78
* C-79
* C-80
* C-81
* C-82
* C-83
* C-83A
* C-83B
* C-84
* C-85
* C-86
* C-87
* C-88
* C-89
* C-90
* C-91
* C-92
* C-93
* C-94
* C-95
* C-96
* C-97
* KC-97
* C-98
* C-99
* C-100
* C-101
* C-102
* C-103
* C-104
* C-105
* C-106
* C-107
* C-108
* C-109
* C-110
* C-111
* C-112
* C-113
* C-114
* C-115
* C-116
* C-117
* C-117D
* C-118
* C-119
* AC-119
* C-120
* C-121
* C-121F
* EC-121
* C-122
* C-123
* C-123A
* C-124
* C-125
* C-126
* C-1272
* DHC C-127
* Douglas C-127
* C-128
* C-129
* C-130
* C-130J
* AC-130
* DC-130
* EC-130/H
* HC-130
* KC-130
* LC-130
* MC-130
* WC-130
* C-131
* NC-131H
* C-132
* C-133
* C-134
* C-135
* KC-135
* C-136
* C-1372
* Boeing YC-137
* DHC YC-137
* C-137
* C-1381
* C-1391
* C-140
* C-141
* C-142

Tri-service sequence
(1962–present)|

* C-1
* C-2
* C-3
* C-4
* C-5
* C-6
* C-72
* C-7
* RC-7
* C-8
* C-9
* C-102
* C-10
* KC-10
* C-11
* C-12
* RC-12
* C-131
* C-14
* C-15
* C-161
* C-17
* C-18
* C-19
* C-202
* C-20A–D
* C-20F–J
* C-21
* C-22
* C-23
* C-24
* C-25
* C-26
* C-27
* C-27J
* C-28
* C-29
* C-301
* C-31
* C-32
* C-33
* C-341
* C-35
* C-363
* C-37
* C-37B
* C-38
* C-391
* C-40
* C-41
* C-421
* C-431
* C-441
* C-45
* C-46

Revived original sequence
(2005–present)|

* C-143
* C-144
* C-145
* C-146
* C-147

Non-sequential designations|

* C-767
* C-880

Related designations|

* CT-39
* CT-43
* CV-2
* CV-7

1 Not assigned |

This page may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. Please consider splitting content into sub-articles, condensing it, or adding subheadings.

|

Slovene pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Thai pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Neukirch, Jürgen; Schmidt, Alexander; Wingberg, Kay (2000), Cohomology of Number Fields, Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften, 323, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, ISBN 978-3-540-66671-4 Template:EscapePersian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]{| class="wikitable" width="100%"

! rowspan="3" colspan="2" width="14%" style="border-bottom:2px solid grey;" | Date/Time (UTC) ! Configuration ! Serial number ! Launch site ! Outcome |-

|style="text-align:center;background-color:#e3e9e9;" | Payload |style="text-align:center;background-color:#e3e9e9;" | Separation orbit |style="text-align:center;background-color:#e3e9e9;" | Operator |style="text-align:center;background-color:#e3e9e9;" | Function |- | colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#e4dfdf;border-bottom:2px solid grey;" | Remarks |-

Parameter 1=time required!

Documentation[view] [edit] [history] [purge]

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This is a navigational template created using {{navbox}}. It can be transcluded on pages by placing `{{Douglas C-54 Skymaster}}` below the standard article appendices.

## Initial visibility

This template's initial visibility currently defaults to `autocollapse`, meaning that if there is another collapsible item on the page (a navbox, sidebar, or table with the collapsible attribute), it is hidden apart from its title bar; if not, it is fully visible.

To change this template's initial visibility, the `|state=` parameter may be used:

* `{{Douglas C-54 Skymaster|state=collapsed}}` will show the template collapsed, i.e. hidden apart from its title bar.
* `{{Douglas C-54 Skymaster|state=expanded}}` will show the template expanded, i.e. fully visible.

Templates using the classes `class=navbox` ({{navbox}}) or `class=nomobile` ({{sidebar}}) are not displayed in article space on the mobile web site of English Wikipedia. Mobile page views accounted for 60% to 70% of all page views from 2020 through 2025. Briefly, these templates are not included in articles because 1) they are not well designed for mobile, and 2) they significantly increase page sizes--bad for mobile downloads--in a way that is not useful for the mobile use case. You can review/watch phab:T124168 for further discussion.

## TemplateData

A navigational box that can be placed at the bottom of articles.

Template parameters[Edit template data]

Parameter| Description| Type| Status

|
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State| `state`|

The initial visibility of the navbox

Suggested values
`collapsed` `expanded` `autocollapse`
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## Template transclusions

Transclusion maintenance

Check completeness of transclusions

The above documentation is transcluded from Template:Navbox documentation. (edit | history)

Hawaiian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]German pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Dutch pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Belarusian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Catalan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]{{{1}}}Mongolian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Javanese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]N Not doneLatin pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]

| rowspan="1" colspan="2" style="border-top:2px solid #aabbcc;" |

| style="border-top:2px solid #aabbcc;" | | style="border-top:2px solid #aabbcc;" | | style="border-top:2px solid #aabbcc;" | | style="border-top:2px solid #aabbcc;" |

Vietnamese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]

Life timeline

This box: view * talk * edit

-4500 --

-4000 --

-3500 --

-3000 --

-2500 --

-2000 --

-1500 --

-1000 --

-500 --

0 --

white;">water

Single-celled
life

green;">photosynthesis

Eukaryotes

Multicellular
life

white;">Arthropods white;">Molluscs</span>]]

white;">Plants

Dinosaurs

Mammals

Flowers

Birds

Primates

Earth (−4540)

Earliest water

Earliest life

Earliest oxygen

Atmospheric oxygen

Oxygen crisis

Sexual reproduction

Earliest plants

Ediacara biota

Cambrian explosion

Tetrapoda

Earliest apes

black;">Pongola

black;">Huronian

black;">Cryogenian

black;">Andean

black;">Karoo

black;">Quaternary

black;">Ice Ages

Clickable

(million years ago)

(See also: Human timeline, and Nature timeline.)

Piedmontese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Slovak pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]text-align: auto;Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{"./Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{". (age Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".–Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".)Occitan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | VariesHejazi pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Spanish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Portuguese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Irish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Mayan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Nahuatl pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Kyrgyz pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Ukrainian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Burmese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Hindi pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Y Done To doRussian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Greek pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]YDanish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Northern Sami pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Mandarin pronunciation: [{{{ipa}}}]Cantonese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Entry from Douglas C-54 Skymaster from TCI Europe, retrieved on {{{Date}}}

Documentation[view] [edit] [history] [purge]

| This template does not display in the mobile view of Wikipedia; it is desktop only. See Template:Navbox visibility for a brief explanation.

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This is a navigational template created using {{navbox}}. It can be transcluded on pages by placing `{{Douglas C-54 Skymaster}}` below the standard article appendices.

## Initial visibility

This template's initial visibility currently defaults to `autocollapse`, meaning that if there is another collapsible item on the page (a navbox, sidebar, or table with the collapsible attribute), it is hidden apart from its title bar; if not, it is fully visible.

To change this template's initial visibility, the `|state=` parameter may be used:

* `{{Douglas C-54 Skymaster|state=collapsed}}` will show the template collapsed, i.e. hidden apart from its title bar.
* `{{Douglas C-54 Skymaster|state=expanded}}` will show the template expanded, i.e. fully visible.

Templates using the classes `class=navbox` ({{navbox}}) or `class=nomobile` ({{sidebar}}) are not displayed in article space on the mobile web site of English Wikipedia. Mobile page views accounted for 60% to 70% of all page views from 2020 through 2025. Briefly, these templates are not included in articles because 1) they are not well designed for mobile, and 2) they significantly increase page sizes--bad for mobile downloads--in a way that is not useful for the mobile use case. You can review/watch phab:T124168 for further discussion.

## TemplateData

A navigational box that can be placed at the bottom of articles.

Template parameters[Edit template data]

Parameter| Description| Type| Status

|
|
|

State| `state`|

The initial visibility of the navbox

Suggested values
`collapsed` `expanded` `autocollapse`
| String| suggested

The above documentation is transcluded from Template:Navbox documentation. (edit | history)

Chambers, Robert; Thomson, Thomas Napier (1857). "[[s:A biographical dictionary of eminent Scotsmen/|]]". A Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen. Glasgow: Blackie and Son. {{{1}}}Polish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Malagasy pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Japanese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Armenian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Czech pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]∶Manx pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/full/{{{1}}}/0 Alemannic German pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Tagalog pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]French pronunciation: ​[{{{1}}}]Error: Invalid time. In progressPalomares, M. L. D. and Pauly, D., eds. (2011). "{{{1}}} {{{2}}}" in SeaLifeBase. April 2011 version.Turkish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Finnish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2006). "{{{1}}} {{{2}}}" in FishBase. April 2006 version.

|- | ... | — | — | — | — | — | —

|-Old Norse pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Salish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Basque pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]{{{1}}}data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | UnreleasedNorwegian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{"., {{{year}}} (aged {{{4}}})Hungarian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Quechua pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Arabic pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Punjabi pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Afrikaans pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Romanian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Hebrew pronunciation: [{{{1}}}][INVALID OR MISSING PARAMETER IN TEMPLATE Douglas C-54 Skymaster]Uto-Aztecan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Tamil pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Hindustani pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Swedish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Kazakh pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]

* v
* t
* e

Microsoft security products

Numbers in brackets are the years of the initial release of the product.

For Windows|

* Windows Firewall [2001]
* Baseline Security Analyzer [2004]
* Malicious Software Removal Tool [2005]
* Windows Defender [2006]
* Microsoft SmartScreen [2006]
* Microsoft Security Essentials [2009]
* Microsoft Safety Scanner [2011]

For Windows Server|

* Exchange Online Protection [2007]
* System Center Data Protection Manager [2007]
* Identity Manager [2010]

Discontinued|

* MSAV [1993]
* Threat Management Gateway [1997]
* OneCare Safety Scanner [2006]
* Unified Access Gateway [2007]
* Windows Live OneCare [2006]
* RootkitRevealer [2006]
* Enhanced Mitigation Experience Toolkit [2009]

Related topics|

* Data Execution Prevention
* Kernel Patch Protection
* Mandatory Integrity Control
* MS Antivirus (malware)
* User Account Control

Lao pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Tibetan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Khmer pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]data-sort-value="" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center" class="table-na" | —`{{{1}}}`Welsh pronunciation: [{{{1}}}] Partially doneAthabaskan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Māori pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]IPA: [{{{1}}}]Bulgarian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Korean pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Icelandic pronunciation: ​[{{{1}}}]Sanskrit pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Bengali pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Indonesian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Serbo-Croatian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]CROSBI {{{1}}} 2 Assigned to multiple types

This page may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. Please consider splitting content into sub-articles, condensing it, or adding subheadings.

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Slovene pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Thai pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Neukirch, Jürgen; Schmidt, Alexander; Wingberg, Kay (2000), Cohomology of Number Fields, Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften, 323, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, ISBN 978-3-540-66671-4 Template:EscapePersian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]{| class="wikitable" width="100%"

! rowspan="3" colspan="2" width="14%" style="border-bottom:2px solid grey;" | Date/Time (UTC) ! Configuration ! Serial number ! Launch site ! Outcome |-

|style="text-align:center;background-color:#e3e9e9;" | Payload |style="text-align:center;background-color:#e3e9e9;" | Separation orbit |style="text-align:center;background-color:#e3e9e9;" | Operator |style="text-align:center;background-color:#e3e9e9;" | Function |- | colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#e4dfdf;border-bottom:2px solid grey;" | Remarks |-

Parameter 1=time required!

Documentation[view] [edit] [history] [purge]

| This template does not display in the mobile view of Wikipedia; it is desktop only. See Template:Navbox visibility for a brief explanation.

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This is a navigational template created using {{navbox}}. It can be transcluded on pages by placing `{{Douglas C-54 Skymaster}}` below the standard article appendices.

## Initial visibility

This template's initial visibility currently defaults to `autocollapse`, meaning that if there is another collapsible item on the page (a navbox, sidebar, or table with the collapsible attribute), it is hidden apart from its title bar; if not, it is fully visible.

To change this template's initial visibility, the `|state=` parameter may be used:

* `{{Douglas C-54 Skymaster|state=collapsed}}` will show the template collapsed, i.e. hidden apart from its title bar.
* `{{Douglas C-54 Skymaster|state=expanded}}` will show the template expanded, i.e. fully visible.

Templates using the classes `class=navbox` ({{navbox}}) or `class=nomobile` ({{sidebar}}) are not displayed in article space on the mobile web site of English Wikipedia. Mobile page views accounted for 60% to 70% of all page views from 2020 through 2025. Briefly, these templates are not included in articles because 1) they are not well designed for mobile, and 2) they significantly increase page sizes--bad for mobile downloads--in a way that is not useful for the mobile use case. You can review/watch phab:T124168 for further discussion.

## TemplateData

A navigational box that can be placed at the bottom of articles.

Template parameters[Edit template data]

Parameter| Description| Type| Status

|
|
|

State| `state`|

The initial visibility of the navbox

Suggested values
`collapsed` `expanded` `autocollapse`
| String| suggested

## Template transclusions

Transclusion maintenance

Check completeness of transclusions

The above documentation is transcluded from Template:Navbox documentation. (edit | history)

Hawaiian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]German pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Dutch pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Belarusian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Catalan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]{{{1}}}Mongolian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Javanese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]N Not doneLatin pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]

| rowspan="1" colspan="2" style="border-top:2px solid #aabbcc;" |

| style="border-top:2px solid #aabbcc;" | | style="border-top:2px solid #aabbcc;" | | style="border-top:2px solid #aabbcc;" | | style="border-top:2px solid #aabbcc;" |

Vietnamese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]

Life timeline

This box: view * talk * edit

-4500 --

-4000 --

-3500 --

-3000 --

-2500 --

-2000 --

-1500 --

-1000 --

-500 --

0 --

white;">water

Single-celled
life

green;">photosynthesis

Eukaryotes

Multicellular
life

white;">Arthropods white;">Molluscs</span>]]

white;">Plants

Dinosaurs

Mammals

Flowers

Birds

Primates

Earth (−4540)

Earliest water

Earliest life

Earliest oxygen

Atmospheric oxygen

Oxygen crisis

Sexual reproduction

Earliest plants

Ediacara biota

Cambrian explosion

Tetrapoda

Earliest apes

black;">Pongola

black;">Huronian

black;">Cryogenian

black;">Andean

black;">Karoo

black;">Quaternary

black;">Ice Ages

Clickable

(million years ago)

(See also: Human timeline, and Nature timeline.)

Piedmontese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Slovak pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]text-align: auto;Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{"./Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{". (age Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".–Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".)Occitan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | VariesHejazi pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Spanish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Portuguese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Irish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Mayan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Nahuatl pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Kyrgyz pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Ukrainian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Burmese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Hindi pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Y Done To doRussian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Greek pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]YDanish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Northern Sami pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Mandarin pronunciation: [{{{ipa}}}]Cantonese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Entry from Douglas C-54 Skymaster from TCI Europe, retrieved on {{{Date}}}

Documentation[view] [edit] [history] [purge]

| This template does not display in the mobile view of Wikipedia; it is desktop only. See Template:Navbox visibility for a brief explanation.

|

This is a navigational template created using {{navbox}}. It can be transcluded on pages by placing `{{Douglas C-54 Skymaster}}` below the standard article appendices.

## Initial visibility

This template's initial visibility currently defaults to `autocollapse`, meaning that if there is another collapsible item on the page (a navbox, sidebar, or table with the collapsible attribute), it is hidden apart from its title bar; if not, it is fully visible.

To change this template's initial visibility, the `|state=` parameter may be used:

* `{{Douglas C-54 Skymaster|state=collapsed}}` will show the template collapsed, i.e. hidden apart from its title bar.
* `{{Douglas C-54 Skymaster|state=expanded}}` will show the template expanded, i.e. fully visible.

Templates using the classes `class=navbox` ({{navbox}}) or `class=nomobile` ({{sidebar}}) are not displayed in article space on the mobile web site of English Wikipedia. Mobile page views accounted for 60% to 70% of all page views from 2020 through 2025. Briefly, these templates are not included in articles because 1) they are not well designed for mobile, and 2) they significantly increase page sizes--bad for mobile downloads--in a way that is not useful for the mobile use case. You can review/watch phab:T124168 for further discussion.

## TemplateData

A navigational box that can be placed at the bottom of articles.

Template parameters[Edit template data]

Parameter| Description| Type| Status

|
|
|

State| `state`|

The initial visibility of the navbox

Suggested values
`collapsed` `expanded` `autocollapse`
| String| suggested

The above documentation is transcluded from Template:Navbox documentation. (edit | history)

Chambers, Robert; Thomson, Thomas Napier (1857). "[[s:A biographical dictionary of eminent Scotsmen/|]]". A Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen. Glasgow: Blackie and Son. {{{1}}}Polish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Malagasy pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Japanese pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Armenian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Czech pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]∶Manx pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/full/{{{1}}}/0 Alemannic German pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Tagalog pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]French pronunciation: ​[{{{1}}}]Error: Invalid time. In progressPalomares, M. L. D. and Pauly, D., eds. (2011). "{{{1}}} {{{2}}}" in SeaLifeBase. April 2011 version.Turkish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Finnish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2006). "{{{1}}} {{{2}}}" in FishBase. April 2006 version.

|- | ... | — | — | — | — | — | —

|-Old Norse pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Salish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Basque pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]{{{1}}}data-sort-value="" style="background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center; " class="table-na" | UnreleasedNorwegian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{"., {{{year}}} (aged {{{4}}})Hungarian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Quechua pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Arabic pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Punjabi pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Afrikaans pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Romanian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Hebrew pronunciation: [{{{1}}}][INVALID OR MISSING PARAMETER IN TEMPLATE Douglas C-54 Skymaster]Uto-Aztecan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Tamil pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Hindustani pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Swedish pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Kazakh pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]

* v
* t
* e

Microsoft security products

Numbers in brackets are the years of the initial release of the product.

For Windows|

* Windows Firewall [2001]
* Baseline Security Analyzer [2004]
* Malicious Software Removal Tool [2005]
* Windows Defender [2006]
* Microsoft SmartScreen [2006]
* Microsoft Security Essentials [2009]
* Microsoft Safety Scanner [2011]

For Windows Server|

* Exchange Online Protection [2007]
* System Center Data Protection Manager [2007]
* Identity Manager [2010]

Discontinued|

* MSAV [1993]
* Threat Management Gateway [1997]
* OneCare Safety Scanner [2006]
* Unified Access Gateway [2007]
* Windows Live OneCare [2006]
* RootkitRevealer [2006]
* Enhanced Mitigation Experience Toolkit [2009]

Related topics|

* Data Execution Prevention
* Kernel Patch Protection
* Mandatory Integrity Control
* MS Antivirus (malware)
* User Account Control

Lao pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Tibetan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Khmer pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]data-sort-value="" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center" class="table-na" | —`{{{1}}}`Welsh pronunciation: [{{{1}}}] Partially doneAthabaskan pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Māori pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]IPA: [{{{1}}}]Bulgarian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Korean pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Icelandic pronunciation: ​[{{{1}}}]Sanskrit pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Bengali pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Indonesian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]Serbo-Croatian pronunciation: [{{{1}}}]CROSBI {{{1}}} 3 Unconfirmed

Template:USN transportsTemplate:Thai transport aircraft designationsTemplate:Spanish transport aircraft

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas C-54 Skymaster. Read more

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