Hawkei

The Hawkei is an Australian light four-wheel-drive protected mobility vehicle. Originally designed in 2010 to meet an Australian Defence Force (ADF) requirement for a light armoured patrol vehicle to replace some of its Land Rover Perentie variants. The Hawkei is a highly mobile, highly protected, 7-tonne vehicle, with inbuilt systems to allow it to be used as a fighting platform.[1] It has been developed with Vehicle Electronic Architecture to be mission system ready.[2]

It is intended to undertake a range of mission profiles, including troop movement, command and control, electronic warfare, liaison, surveillance and reconnaissance.[3] Prime contractors include Thales Australia, Boeing Australia, Plasan (Israel) and PAC Group. In October 2015, the Australian Government announced the purchase of 1,100 Hawkei vehicles from Thales Australia.[4]

## Contents

* 1 History
* 2 Variants
* 2.1 4 door
* 2.2 2 door
* 2.2.1 NASAMS
* 2.3 Proposed variants
* 2.3.1 Border Protection
* 2.3.2 Special Operations Vehicle
* 2.3.3 Counter Drone
* 3 Etymology
* 4 Operators
* 4.1 Current operators
* 4.2 Potential operators
* 4.3 Failed bids
* 5 See also
* 6 References
* 7 External links

## History

As part of a wider project to replace the ADF's fleet of operational support vehicles, Project Land 121 Phase 4 – Protected Mobility Vehicle (Light) or PMV-L, is a requirement for up to 1,300 specialised light armoured vehicles to replace some of the in-service Land Rovers. Key criteria for the project included: off-road mobility, integrated vehicle electronic architecture, substantial payloads, high levels of protection against land mines, improvised explosive devices and ballistic weapons, while being light enough to be airlifted by military helicopters. The three options considered as part of the project were:

* Option 1, Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV) Program – align the PMV-L requirement to the United States JLTV program to replace its fleet of High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle or 'Humvee' (awarded 25 August 2015 to Oshkosh offering L-ATV);[5]
* Option 2, Manufactured and Supported in Australia (MSA); and
* Option 3, Market available – pursuit of this option is subject to Australian Government decisions on Options 1 and 2.[6]

Competitors for the MSA option included the combat-proven MOWAG Eagle IV from General Dynamics Land Systems; the British military then selected Ocelot from Force Protection; and the Hawkei offering from Thales Australia. The JLTV option included entries from BAE Systems/Navistar,[7] AM General/General Dynamics[8] and Lockheed Martin.[9]

In December 2011, the Department of Defence (DoD) announced Hawkei as the preferred vehicle for further development and testing under the MSA option.[2]

In October 2015, Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull and Minister for Defence Marise Payne announced the purchase of 1,100 Hawkei vehicles and trailers at a cost of $1.3 billion with the Hawkei to be manufactured at Thales's facility in Bendigo.[10][11] The purchase includes 1058 trailers designed by Schutt Industries and manufactured by Thales at their facility in Eagle Farm.[12][13] Two variants of the Hawkei will be purchased: a 4-door variant and a 2-door utility variant.[14][15] The 4-door variant will be able to be configured using a mission-kit for three roles: Command, Liaison and Reconnaissance.[14][16] 635 4-door variants and 465 2-door variants will be purchased.[17][12]

In September 2018, the Australian National Audit Office released a report which criticised aspects of the Hawkei project.[18] The report judged that Australia should have remained in the JLTV program to provide competition for the Hawkei procurement and that the Department of Defence had not kept ministers fully informed about the Hawkei program. This included not providing ministers with a study which found that there were few benefits from building the vehicles in Australia. The ANAO was unable to publish some elements of the audit after Attorney General Christian Porter ruled that publishing it would compromise national security. Thales had taken legal action earlier in the year seeking to have material removed from the report.[19] Some of the suppressed elements of the report were released in 2021 following a freedom of information request, and included material stating that the Department of Defence had been unable to demonstrate that the Hawkei represented value for money compared to the JLTV.[20]

In December 2018, the Hawkei faced reliability issues following a demonstration test conducted on 19 November 2018, delaying full-rate production.[21]

In September 2020, Defence Minister Linda Reynolds and Defence Industry Minister Melissa Price announced that the Hawkei would enter full-rate production at Thales's facility in Bendigo at approximately 50 vehicles per month.[22]

In November 2020, the DoD temporarily suspended the use of the Hawkei fleet until an issue with the anti-lock braking system (ABS) was found.[23][24] In July 2021, Defence Minister Peter Dutton and Defence Industry Minister Melissa Price announced that Thales had developed a fix for the braking issue.[25][23]

In March 2022, the production of the 1,000th Hawkei was completed by Thales.[26]

In November 2022, Thales advised the DoD that it had identified a new issue with the Hawkei's brakes.[27] As a result the DoD banned the Hawkei from use on civilian roads and imposed a 40 km/h (25 mph) maximum speed limit on their use.[28] Thales developed an interim solution with the ABS modulator on every Hawkei changed every ten months on a sample fleet of 125 vehicles.[29] In July 2024, Defence Industry Minister Pat Conroy and Brigadier John-Paul Ouvrier announced that Thales had resolved the Hawkei's ABS issues and that there would be a remediation program to install the fixes.[30][31]

During 2023-24, 138 low rate initial production vehicles were withdrawn from service so they can be upgraded to final contracted specifications.[32]

A total of 1,100 Hawkei PMVs and 1,058 Hawkei-configuration trailers were acquired for the Australian Army and the RAAF, with the final vehicles rolling off the line in mid-2022. Two vehicles have since been sold back to Thales Australia, which employed them in a competitive trial for the JGSDF. Introduction into service is complete, with the delivery of the 1098th and final vehicle to an active ADF unit handed over to No. 2 Security Forces Squadron RAAF at RAAF Base Amberley at an official ceremony on 28 August 2025.[33]

## Variants

All variants use the same four wheeled platform.

### 4 door

Dual cab with a crew of four to six, weapons system options including up to 12.7mm guns or 40 mm grenade systems in various mounts with a remote operated option.[34][35]

The 4-doors variants include the following sub variants:[36]

* Liaison: vehicle with general communication equipment, up to 4 personnel
* Command: vehicle with additional integrated electronic command, control and communication systems, up to 4 personnel
* Reconnaissance: vehicle equipped for light infantry, reconnaissance and Air Force security missions, up to 4 personnel.

### 2 door

A Hawkei utility variant in 2016

Single-extended cab with a flat-bed cargo area measuring; L: 2,000 mm (79 in) x W: 2,400 mm (94 in). The vehicle has a crew of 2–3 and has a kerb weight of 6,800 kg (14,991 lb) with a rated cargo load of 3,000 kg (6,614 lb). The load bed is designed to accommodate four 1000mm × 1200mm (40" x 48") NATO standard military pallets or a single tricon (one-third ISO 20 ft) container.[34][37]

#### NASAMS

The Australian Army fields three flatbed utility variants for their NASAMS short-range ground-based air defence (SRGBAD) system.[38] The High Mobility Launcher (HML) variant comprises six rails that can fire either MIM-120C-7 AMRAAM or MIM-9X missiles with the capability to fire a combination of the two missile types.[38][39][40][41] The Electro-Optic Infra-Red (EO/IR) variant is equipped with a mast-mounted Raytheon AN/AAS-52 Multispectral Targeting System (MTS)-A.[38][41] The short-range radar variant is equipped with a CEA Technologies CEATAC AESA radar.[42][38][43][41]

### Proposed variants

#### Border Protection

Dual cab with a crew of four to six, various equipment options including force protection radar, surveillance and communications systems.[44]

#### Special Operations Vehicle

Dual cab manned by a crew of four to six with up to three weapon systems:[45][46]

* Front co-driver swing mount;
* Roof mounted manual gunring or remote weapon station; and/or
* Rear-facing swing mount.

Options included full doors, half doors, windscreen and scalable racking system for payload.[45]

#### Counter Drone

Dual cab equipped with either a 30mm M230LF cannon, a 7.62mm M134 minigun or a VAMPIRE rocket launcher.[47][48][49]

## Etymology

The Hawkei is named after Acanthophis hawkei,[50] a species of death adder. In turn, the snake is named after former Prime Minister of Australia Bob Hawke.[51]

## Operators

### Current operators

Australia
1,098 Hawkei in service with the Australian Army and the Royal Australian Air Force, with final deliveries in August 2025 (1,100 ordered with two sold back to Thales Australia).[32][33]

### Potential operators

Canada
The Canadian Army is looking for a successor of the Mercedes G-Wagon and Chevrolet Silverado under the Light Utility Vehicle (LUV) project.
The project has a budget of $250 to 499 million Canadian dollars, and is expected to be implemented in 2027 or 2028, and delivery to start in 2028 or 2029, until 2031 or 2032.[52]
Several vehicles are being considered.

* Roshel probably with the Senator which is already being manufactured in Canada, and being supplied by Canada to Ukraine.[53]
* Thales Hawkei which was observed ongoing testing in Canada in April 2020.[54]

Japan
On 5 August 2022, it was reported in Japan that Mitsubishi Heavy Industries may manufacture the Hawkei under licence from Thales in case the contract is awarded to them for the JGSDF.[55] It's marketed to replace the Komatsu LAV.[56] The Hawkei and the Mowag Eagle V were ordered in limited quantity for trials in 2023, and were observed on public roads in Japan.[57] The Japanese Ministry of Defense has an initial requirement for around 1,000 vehicles if the Hawkei wins the contract.[58]

United Kingdom
Thales UK is offering the Bushmaster and the Hawkei for the Land Mobility Programme.[59]
The Hawkei would be part of the Light Protected Mobility category, whose role would consist of command and liaison, command and control, patrol tasks, ISTAR, GBAD, CBRN, tactical support and utility.[60][61] This category will replace the Stormer HVM, FV430 Bulldog, Iveco LMV (Panther) and the Foxhound.

### Failed bids

France and  Belgium
THE VBAE programme (Véhicule Blindé d’Aide à Engagement) is a future light armoured vehicle in collaboration between France and Belgium.[62] For the French Army, it will replace the VBL.
The Thales Hawkei was one of the competitors.[63]
In December 2023 OCCAR signed a cooperation agreement with Arquus, Nexter (KNDS France) and John Cockerill to pre-design a contender for the VBAE programme.[64] In July 2024, the development was approved and therefore, unless major changes, the Scarabee will become the VBAE.[65]

Poland
The Thales Hawkei was one of the four finalists of the Pegaz Programme. This programme was initially planned in two phases. The first phase intended to equip the special operations forces and the military police with 4×4 to participate in missions such as patrol, intervention, counter-terrorism and reconnaissance scenarios.[66] In the longer run, the winner of the competition was intended to become the new multi-purpose 4×4 of the Polish Army.
The pre-selected vehicles were the Fortress Mk2 (French), Thales Hawkei (Australia), Patriot II (Polish / Czech) and Tur V.
In 2021, the programme was cancelled.[67] This programme could have resulted in an initial purchase of 50 vehicles, and as many as 700 over the long term.[68]

## See also

* List of armoured fighting vehicles by country

## References

1. ↑ "Hawkei - Next Generation Protected Mobility Vehicle". https://www.thalesgroup.com/sites/default/files/asset/document/prv_hawkei_a4_200815_web.pdf.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Thales Hawkei Receives Contract for Further Development". Deagel.com. http://www.deagel.com/news/Thales-Hawkei-Receives-Contract-for-Further-Development_n000009699.aspx.
3. ↑ "Hawkei - Next Generation Protected Mobility Vehicle". 8 May 2023. https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/global/presence/asia-pacific/australia/defence/hawkei.
4. ↑ Tufrey, LS Jayson (22 October 2015). "Our vehicle of the future". Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper (Canberra, Australia: Department of Defence): pp. 2–3. ISSN 0729-5685. http://www.defence.gov.au/Publications/NewsPapers/Army/editions/1362/1362.pdf.
5. ↑ Clark, Colin (26 August 2015). "Oshkosh Beats Lockheed, AM General For Historic JLTV Win". Breaking Defense. http://breakingdefense.com/2015/08/oshkosh-beats-lockheed-am-general-for-historic-jltv-win/.
6. ↑ "Defence Materiel Organisation– Defence Capability Plan (Public Version Aug 2011)". Department of Defence. August 2011. http://www.defence.gov.au/dmo/id/dcp/html_aug11/project/land-121/index-section=all.html#phase4/.
7. ↑ "BAE Systems – Navistar Defense – ArvinMeritor Team Delivers Australian Joint Light Tactical Vehicle Prototypes". BAE Systems/Navistar Press Release. Business Wire. June 21, 2010. http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100621006858/en/BAE-Systems-–-Navistar-Defense-–-ArvinMeritor. "BAE Systems, through its U.S. Combat Systems business, along with partners Navistar Defense and ArvinMeritor, delivered three right-hand-drive, operation-configured Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV) prototypes in a ceremony today in West Point, Mississippi. Each of these prototypes will be sent to Australia for durability testing that mutually supports both U.S. and Australian interests."
8. ↑ "GTV Delivers Right-Hand Operation JLTV Technology Development Vehicles on Schedule". Press Release. General Tactical Vehicles. July 20, 2010. http://www.generaltacticalvehicles.com/GTV Delivers Right-Hand Operation JLTV Technology Development Vehicles on Schedule.html. "Test and evaluation of the RHO JLTVs includes a five-month reliability and durability test and evaluation process at the Monegeetta Proving Ground in Monegeetta, Victoria, Australia. Test-site management for GTV will be performed by General Dynamics Land Systems–Australia and supported by Australian in-country suppliers."
9. ↑ "Lockheed Martin Delivers Right Hand Operation JLTV Technology Development Vehicles To U.S. Government For Testing". Press Release. Lockheed Martin. June 23, 2010. http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/news/press-releases/2010/june/LockheedMartinDeliversRig.html. "Lockheed Martin [NYSE: LMT] today delivered two right hand operation Joint Light Tactical Vehicles (JLTV), and a companion trailer, to the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps and representatives of the Australian Army for Technology Development (TD) phase assessment and testing. The two variants included a JLTV Category B Command and Control on the Move and a Category C Utility vehicle, which is designed with a focus on payload. All vehicles feature right-hand operation, but are otherwise identical to the U.S. vehicles."
10. ↑ "Hawkei: Army to spend $1.3 billion on Australian-made replacement for ageing Land Rover fleet". ABC News. 5 October 2015. http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-10-05/federal-government-set-to-spend-13bn-on-new-army-vehicles/6827164.
11. ↑ "Joint media release – Army's Hawkei to be built in Australia" (Press release). Department of Defence. 5 October 2015. Archived from the original on 27 August 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Basan, MAJ Thomas (30 October 2020). "Hawkei is Coming, What can we do with it?". Australian Army. https://cove.army.gov.au/sites/default/files/hawkei_is_coming_what_can_we_do_with_it.pdf.
13. ↑ Auditor-General (2018). Army's Protected Mobility Vehicle - Light. Auditor-General Report No.6 2018–19. Canberra: Australian National Audit Office. p. 5. ISBN 9781760333850. https://www.anao.gov.au/sites/default/files/Auditor-General_Report_2018-2019_6.PDF. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Auditor-General 2018, p. 67.
15. ↑ Auditor-General (2021). 2020–21 Major Projects Report. Auditor-General Report No.13 2021–22. Canberra: Australian National Audit Office. p. 199. ISBN 9781760336981. https://www.anao.gov.au/sites/default/files/Auditor-General_Report_2021-22_13_a_0.pdf. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
16. ↑ Auditor-General 2021, p. 199.
17. ↑ Auditor-General 2021, p. 203.
18. ↑ Auditor-General 2018.
19. ↑ Callinan, Rory (12 September 2018). "Auditor general prevented from tabling full report into $1bn Hawkei military contract". The Australian. https://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/defence/auditor-general-prevented-from-tabling-full-report-into-1bn-hawkei-military-contract/news-story/fd0fa1daa624ab4721328df22d68589e.
20. ↑ Greene, Andrew (9 January 2021). "Australian military's $1.3 billion Hawkei contract criticisms revealed after previously sealed by the Attorney-General". ABC News. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-01-09/australian-military-billion-hawkei-contract-criticism-revealed/13044330.
21. ↑ "SITREP | Australia's Hawkei Protected Mobility Vehicle". https://www.indrastra.com/2018/12/Australia-Hawkei-PMV-SITREP-004-12-2018-0054.html.
22. ↑ "Hawkei ready to enter full rate production". Department of Defence Ministers (Press release). 3 September 2020. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Auditor-General 2024a, p. 198.
24. ↑ Worthington, Brett (4 March 2022). "Brake problems delay Defence's billion-dollar Hawkei tactical vehicle project". ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-03-04/hawkei-brake-safety-fears-thales-defence-force/100871924.
25. ↑ Minister for Defence Petter Dutton; Minister for Defence Industry Melissa Price (11 July 2021). "Hawkei Vehicle Reaches Initial Operational Capability". Department of Defence Ministers (Press release). Retrieved 21 July 2024.
26. ↑ "Thales in Australia completes the 1000th Hawkei". Thales (Press release). 20 April 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2024.
27. ↑ Auditor-General (2024a). 2022–23 Major Projects Report: Department of Defence. Auditor-General Report No.14 2023–24. Canberra: Australian National Audit Office. pp. 198. ISBN 9781760338800. https://www.anao.gov.au/sites/default/files/2024-02/Auditor-General_Report_2023-24_14.pdf. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
28. ↑ Packham, Ben (15 November 2022). "Speed limit, road ban for Defence's $2bn 4WDs". The Australian: p. 7. https://www.theaustralian.com.au/nation/defences-13bn-fleet-of-4wds-banned-from-public-roads-and-face-speed-limits-after-fault-found/news-story/8578b329fa87e3aa4f0e03c56fe4b5a9.
29. ↑ O'Callaghan, Tom (28 October 2023). "Army issues deadline on dodgy brakes". Bendigo Advertiser: p. 3. https://www.bendigoadvertiser.com.au/story/8401859/army-gives-bendigo-factory-deadline-to-fix-dodgy-hawkei-brakes/.
30. ↑ "Updated - Press Conference, Bendigo (transcript)". 16 July 2024. https://www.minister.defence.gov.au/transcripts/2024-07-16/updated-press-conference-bendigo.
31. ↑ Schubert, Shannon (16 July 2024). "Hundreds of Australian Hawkei military vehicles with braking issue now fixed and ready to rollout". ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-07-16/bushmasters-hawkei-military-vehicle-federal-government-defence/104101882.
32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 Auditor-General (2024b). 2023–24 Major Projects Report: Department of Defence. Auditor-General Report No. 20 2024–25. Canberra: Australian National Audit Office. p. 206. ISBN 9781760339968. https://www.anao.gov.au/sites/default/files/2024-12/Auditor-General_Report_2024-25_20.pdf. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 "Final Hawkei PMV-L enters service". Australian & NZ Defender Magazine. 18 September 2025. https://www.australiandefender.com.au/new/shop/accessallareas/intel/2 25 intel/250918final hawkei delivery/2509final hawkei delivery.html.
34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 "Hawkei New Generation Protected Vehicle". August 2019. https://www.thalesgroup.com/sites/default/files/database/document/2021-08/hawkei-new-generation-protected-vehicle.pdf.
35. ↑ "Command brochure". 13 September 2012. http://thalesgroup.com/Countries/Australia/Documents/Hawkei_Command_brochure/.
36. ↑ Auditor-General 2024a, p. 197.
37. ↑ "Hawkei Ute". 13 September 2012. http://thalesgroup.com/Countries/Australia/Documents/Hawkei_Utility_brochure/.
38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 38.2 38.3 Bostock, Ian (September 2024). "Hawkei Muscles Up for GBAD role". Defence Technology Review (112): pp. 46–47. https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/countries-asia-pacific/australia/news/combination-hawkei-and-nasams-creates-potent-capability-adf.
39. ↑ Joseph, CPL Jacob (1 July 2025). "Sidewinder first gives gunners a buzz". https://www.defence.gov.au/news-events/news/2025-07-01/sidewinder-first-gives-gunners-buzz.
40. ↑ Joseph, CPL Jacob (10 May 2023). "Missile launcher a game-changer". https://www.defence.gov.au/news-events/news/2023-05-10/missile-launcher-game-changer.
41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 McLaughlin, Andrew (25 March 2019). "LAND 19 Phase 7B passes Gate 2 with the Enhanced NASAMS". Australian Defence Business Review (38 - special supplement 1). https://www.raytheon.com/sites/default/files/2019-04/ADBR_WorldLeader!_Land19_Supplement.pdf.
42. ↑ "Short Range Air Defence". https://www.cea.com.au/domains/short-range-air-defence/.
43. ↑ Minister for Defence Linda Reynolds; Minister for Defence Industry Melissa Price (15 November 2019). "Defence signs multi-million dollar contract for air defence radars". Department of Defence Ministers (Press release). Retrieved 19 July 2025.
44. ↑ "Hawkei Border Protection". 13 September 2012. http://www.thalesgroup.com/Countries/Australia/Documents/Hawkei_-_Border_Protection_vehicle_doc.
45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 "Hawkei Special Operations Vehicle". 13 September 2012. http://thalesgroup.com/Countries/Australia/Documents/Hawkei_-_Special_Operations_Vehicle_brochure/.
46. ↑ "Thales - Hawkei The next generation in protection". http://www.michaelluzar.com/103169/956978/gallery/thales-australia-hawkei.
47. ↑ "Leidos delivers successful demonstration of integrated counter-drone capability for the Australian Defence Force". EOS (Press release). 12 December 2025. Retrieved 22 June 2026.
48. ↑ Nugent, MAJ Peter (24 December 2025). "Army tests counter-drone technology". https://www.defence.gov.au/news-events/news/2025-12-24/army-tests-counter-drone-technology.
49. ↑ Lester, Tim (4 December 2025). Australia's billion-dollar drone defence system. 7News (Television production). Seven Network. Retrieved 22 June 2026 - via YouTube.
50. ↑ "Hawkei's genesis: protection, mobility & performance". 14 March 2014. https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/worldwide/defence/case-study/hawkeis-genesis-protection-mobility-performance.
51. ↑ Wells; Wellington (1985). "A classification of the Amphibia and Reptilia of Australia". Australian Journal of Herpetology: 43. http://www.iucn-tftsg.org/wp-content/uploads/file/Articles/Wells_and_Wellington_1985.pdf#page=43. Retrieved 8 September 2015.
52. ↑ Government of Canada, National Defence (2018-05-30). "Light Utility Vehicle - Defence Capabilities Blueprint". https://apps.forces.gc.ca/en/defence-capabilities-blueprint/project-details.asp?id=1370.
53. ↑ Manuel, Rojoef (2024-05-23). "Roshel Taps Babcock to Support Canada's Light Utility Vehicle Replacements" (in en-us). https://www.thedefensepost.com/2024/05/23/canada-light-utility-vehicle-replacements/.
54. ↑ "A cold weather test". Canadian Army Today magazine (Cremona Ink). 21 April 2020. https://canadianarmytoday.com/a-cold-weather-test/.
55. ↑ "Japan mulls options for several armoured vehicle programmes | Shephard". https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/landwarfareintl/jgsdf-mulls-options-for-several-armoured-vehicle-programmes/.
56. ↑ "JGSDF lines up next-generation wheeled armoured vehicles | Shephard". https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/landwarfareintl/jgsdf-lines-up-next-generation-wheeled-armoured-vehicles/.
57. ↑ "Japan to procure Hawkei, Eagle light vehicles for trials" (in en). 2023-06-26. https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/land/japan-to-procure-hawkei-eagle-light-vehicles-for-trials.
58. ↑ Arthur, Gordon (4 February 2025). "Japan's Defence Budget Grows but Dependence on Imports Remains". Asian Military Review. https://www.asianmilitaryreview.com/2025/02/japans-defence-budget-grows-but-dependence-on-imports-remains/.
59. ↑ "IAV 2024: Thales UK pitches Bushmaster and Hawkei for British Army's Land Mobility Programme" (in en). 2024-01-29. https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/land/iav-2024-thales-uk-pitches-bushmaster-and-hawkei-for-british-armys-land-mobility-programme.
60. ↑ "IAV 2024: British Army outlines procurement plans for Land Mobility Programme" (in en). 29 January 2024. https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/iav-2024-british-army-outlines-procurement-plans-for-land-mobility-programme.
61. ↑ "UK starts to move on Land Mobility Programme | Shephard" (in en). https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/landwarfareintl/uk-starts-to-move-on-land-mobility-programme/.
62. ↑ "OCCAR - VBAE". https://www.occar.int/our-work/programmes/vbae.
63. ↑ Gain, Nathan (2018-06-11). "Le Hawkei de Thales, futur VBAE de l'Armée de Terre française ?" (in fr-FR). https://www.forcesoperations.com/amp/le-hawkei-de-thales-futur-vbae-de-larmee-de-terre-francaise/.
64. ↑ "OCCAR - Launching of Pre-Design Phase of Véhicule Blindé d'Aide à l'Engagement (VBAE) Programme with Signature of VBAE contract". https://www.occar.int/news/launching-of-predesign-phase-of-vehicule-blinde-d-aide-a-l-engagement-vbae-programme-with-signature-of-vbae-contract.
65. ↑ Lagneau, Laurent (2024-07-15). "Futur blindé d'aide à l'engagement : Le ministère des Armées met en avant le SCARABEE d'Arquus" (in fr-FR). https://www.opex360.com/2024/07/15/futur-blinde-daide-a-lengagement-le-ministere-des-armees-met-en-avant-le-scarabee-darquus/.
66. ↑ "EAGLE Multi-Role Vehicle Proposed for Polish Army" (in pl). 2018-09-03. https://defence24.com/eagle-multi-role-vehicle-proposed-for-polish-army.
67. ↑ "Pegaz Programme: A Fiasco? [COMMENTARY"] (in pl). 2021-08-02. https://defence24.com/index-4.
68. ↑ "Pyne spruiks Hawkei, FFGs and defence industry in Poland". Australian Defence Magazine. 1 November 2017. http://www.australiandefence.com.au/business/pyne-spruiks-hawkei-ffgs-and-defence-industry-in-poland.

## External links

* Hawkei \- official Hawkei website.
* Datasheet - Command \- official Hawkei brochure.
* Datasheet - Utility \- official Hawkei brochure.
* Thales Protected Mobility \- official manufacturer dedicated website.

* v
* t
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* Alvis Saladin
* AMX-10 RC
* Eagle V TASYS
* EBRC Jaguar
* EE-9 Cascavel
* Spähpanzer Korsak (de)
* Pandur I (Belgium)
* Pandur Evolution (de)
* ERC 90
* LAV-600
* Puma
* Type 87 RCV
* VBC-90
* VEC-M1

8 x 8|

* ASLAV
* Centauro
* Boxer CRV
* Coyote
* CTWV RCV
* Dragon VEC (Piranha V)
* EBR
* Freccia EVO Reconnaissance
* LAV-25
* Luchs
* M1127
* Pandur II (Czech)
* PARS Scout
* Piranha IIIC
* Piranha IIIH
* Rooikat
* K808 White Tiger
* KTO Rosomak
* Type 08
* Vextra

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawkei. Read more

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