Hisaki (satellite)

Short description: Japanese satellite

Hisaki

Artistic rendering of Hisaki in orbit.

Mission type| Ultraviolet astronomy
Operator| JAXA
COSPAR ID| 2013-049A
SATCAT no.| 39253
Website| www.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/sprint_a/
Mission duration| ~1 year planned (science phase) 12 years, 7 months and 25 days (achieved)
Spacecraft properties
Bus| NEXTAR NX-300L
Manufacturer| NEC
Launch mass| 348 kg (767 lb)
Dimensions| 4×1×1 m (13.1×3.3×3.3 ft)
Power| 900 watts
Start of mission
Launch date| 14 September 2013, 05:00 (2013-09-14UTC05Z) UTC
Rocket| Epsilon
Launch site| Uchinoura
End of mission
Disposal| Decommissioned[1]
Deactivated| 8 December 2023
Orbital parameters
Reference system| Geocentric
Regime| Low Earth
Semi-major axis| 7,431.52 kilometres (4,617.73 mi)[2]
Eccentricity| 0.0136807[2]
Perigee altitude| 957.9 kilometres (595.2 mi)[2]
Apogee altitude| 1,161.8 kilometres (721.9 mi)[2]
Inclination| 29.72 degrees[2]
Period| 106.27 minutes[2]
Epoch| 23 January 2015, 18:21:14 UTC[2]

Hisaki, also known as the Spectroscopic Planet Observatory for Recognition of Interaction of Atmosphere (SPRINT-A) was a Japanese ultraviolet astronomy satellite operated by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). The first mission of the Small Scientific Satellite program,[3] it was launched in September 2013 on the maiden flight of the Epsilon rocket. It was used for extreme ultraviolet observations of the Solar System planets.

Hisaki was decommissioned by deactivation on 8 December 2023.[1]

## Launch and naming

Hisaki was launched with an Epsilon rocket, which was its first flight. The four-stage Epsilon rocket[4] flew from the Mu rocket launch complex at the Uchinoura Space Center. The launch occurred at 05:00 UTC on 14 September 2013, following a scrubbed launch attempt on 27 August 2013.[5] Following its successful insertion into orbit and deployment of its solar arrays, the satellite was renamed Hisaki, having been designated SPRINT-A until that point.[6]

Hisaki was named after a cape Hisaki (火崎, literally Cape Fire) used by local fishermen to pray for safe travels in the eastern part of Kimotsuki, Kagoshima near the Uchinoura Space Center, but has the additional meaning of "beyond the Sun".[7][8] An old name for the mission was EXCEED (Extreme Ultraviolet Spectroscope for Exospheric Dynamics).[9]

## Observations

Hisaki carries an extreme ultraviolet spectrometer, which is used to study the composition of the atmospheres and the behavior of the magnetospheres of the planets of the Solar System.[10] Designed for a one-year mission, Hisaki has been operated in a low Earth orbit with a perigee of 950 km (590 mi), an apogee of 1,150 km (710 mi), 31 degrees of inclination and a period of 106 minutes.[11]

In October 2020 it performed joint observation with the BepiColombo probe which performed a flyby of Venus en route to Mercury.[12]

In 2023, Hisaki was,[13]performing joint observations with Juno orbiter.[14]

It was decommisioned in December 2023.[15]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Completed: More than 10 years of observations". ISAS/JAXA. https://www.isas.jaxa.jp/home/sprint-a/index_en.html#section04.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 "SPRINT-A (HISAKI) Satellite details 2013-049A NORAD 39253". N2YO. 23 January 2015. http://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=39253.
3. ↑ "Shujiro Sawai, "Semi-Made-To-Order" Satellites: Faster, Cheaper, More Advanced". Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. http://www.jaxa.jp/article/interview/vol56/p2_e.html.
4. ↑ "Epsilon Launch Vehicle". Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. http://www.jaxa.jp/pr/brochure/pdf/01/rocket07.pdf.
5. ↑ Graham, William (26 August 2013). "Japan's Epsilon launch with SPRINT-A scrubbed". NASASpaceflight.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2013/08/japans-epsilon-launch-sprint-a/.
6. ↑ Clark, Stephen (14 September 2013). "Japan's 'affordable' Epsilon rocket triumphs on first flight". Spaceflight Now. http://www.spaceflightnow.com/epsilon/sprinta/130914launch/.
7. ↑ "SPRINT-A: Solar Array Paddles Deployment and Nickname Decided". JAXA. September 14, 2013. http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2013/09/20130914_hisaki_e.html.
8. ↑ "Error: no `|title=` specified when using {{Cite web}}" (in ja). Yomiuri Online. Yomiuri Shimbun-sha. September 14, 2013. http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/science/news/20130914-OYT1T00684.htm.Error:+no+`|title=`+specified when+using+{{[[Template:Cite+web|Cite+web]]}}&rft.atitle=Yomiuri+Online&rft.date=September+14,+2013&rft.pub=Yomiuri+Shimbun-sha&rft_id=http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/science/news/20130914-OYT1T00684.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Engineering:Hisaki_(satellite)">
9. ↑ F. Tsuchiya, et al. – Earth-orbiting Extreme Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Mission SPRINT-A/EXCEED
10. ↑ Krebs, Gunter. "SPRINT A (EXCEED)". Gunter's Space Page. http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/sprint-a.htm.
11. ↑ "Spectroscopic Planet Observatory for Recognition of Integration of Atmosphere (SPRINT-A)". Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. http://www.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/sprint_a/index_e.html.
12. ↑ "BepiColombo flies by Venus en route to Mercury". https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/BepiColombo/BepiColombo_flies_by_Venus_en_route_to_Mercury.
13. ↑ Astronomical Observation Satellites In Operation. JAXA – Missions. Accessed 23 September 2015
14. ↑ Response of Jupiter's inner magnetosphere to the solar wind derived from extreme ultraviolet monitoring of the Io plasma torus. Go Murakami, Kazuo Yoshioka, Atsushi Yamazaki, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Tomoki Kimura, Chihiro Tao, Hajime Kita, Masato Kagitani, Takeshi Sakanoi, Kazunori Uemizu, Yasumasa Kasaba, Ichiro Yoshikawa, Masaki Fujimoto. Geophysical Research Letters. 20 December 2016, doi: 10.1002/2016GL071675
15. ↑ https://www.isas.jaxa.jp/home/sprint-a/index_en.html#section04

* v
* t
* e

Space observatories

Operating|

* AGILE (since 2007)
* AMS-02 (since 2011)
* Aoi (since 2018)
* ASTERIA (since 2017)
* Astrosat (since 2015)
* BRITE constellation (since 2013)
* CALET (since 2015)
* Chandra (AXAF) (since 1999)
* DAMPE (since 2015)
* Fermi (since 2008)
* Gaia (since 2013)
* HXMT (Insight) (since 2017)
* Hinode (Solar-B) (since 2006)
* HiRISE (since 2005)
* Hisaki (SPRINT-A) (since 2013)
* Hubble (since 1990)
* INTEGRAL (since 2002)
* IBEX (since 2008)
* IRIS (since 2013)
* ISS-CREAM (since 2017)
* MAXI (since 2009)
* Mikhailo Lomonosov (since 2016)
* Mini-EUSO (since 2019)
* NCLE (since 2018)
* NEOSSat (since 2013)
* NICER (since 2017)
* NuSTAR (since 2012)
* Odin (since 2001)
* SDO (since 2010)
* SOHO (since 1995)
* SOLAR (since 2008)
* Spektr-RG (since 2019)
* Spitzer (since 2003)
* STEREO (since 2006)
* Swift (since 2004)
* TESS (since 2018)
* WISE (since 2009)
* XMM-Newton (since 1999)

Planned|

* CHEOPS (2019)
* iWF-MAXI (2019)
* Astro-1 Telescope (2020)
* ILO-1 (2020)
* LUCI (2020)
* Nano-JASMINE (2020)
* ORBIS (2020)
* Solar Orbiter (SolO) (2020)
* IXPE (2021)
* James Webb (JWST) (2021)
* LORD (2021)
* SVOM (2021)
* XPoSat (2021)
* Euclid (2022)
* Space Solar Telescope (2022)
* XRISM (2022)
* Xuntian (2022)
* K-EUSO (2023)
* Solar-C (2023)
* SPHEREx (2023)
* Small-JASMINE (2024)
* Near-Earth Object Surveillance Mission (2025+)
* Spektr-UV (2025)
* WFIRST (2025+)
* PLATO (2026)
* LiteBIRD (2027)
* ARIEL (2028)
* Spektr-M (2030+)
* ATHENA (2031)
* LISA (2034)

Proposed|

* Arcus
* AstroSat-2
* EXCEDE
* Fresnel Imager
* FOCAL
* HabEx
* Hibari
* Hypertelescope
* JEM-EUSO
* LUVOIR
* ATLAST
* HDST
* Lynx
* Nautilus Deep Space Observatory
* New Worlds Mission
* NRO donation to NASA
* OST
* PhoENiX
* Solar-D
* SPICA
* THEIA
* THESEUS

Retired|

* Akari (Astro-F) (2006–2011)
* ALEXIS (1993–2005)
* Alouette 1 (1962–1972)
* Ariel 1 (1962, 1964)
* Ariel 2 (1964)
* Ariel 3 (1967–1969)
* Ariel 4 (1971–1972)
* Ariel 5 (1974–1980)
* Ariel 6 (1979–1982)
* ATM (1973–1974)
* ASCA (Astro-D) (1993–2000)
* Astro-1 (1990)
* BBXRT
* HUT
* Astro-2 (HUT) (1995)
* Astron (1983–1989)
* ANS (1974–1976)
* BeppoSAX (1996–2003)
* CHIPSat (2003–2008)
* Compton (CGRO) (1991–2000)
* CoRoT (2006–2013)
* Cos-B (1975–1982)
* COBE (1989–1993)
* DXS (1993)
* EPOCh (2008)
* EPOXI (2010)
* Explorer 11 (1961)
* EXOSAT (1983–1986)
* EUVE (1992–2001)
* FUSE (1999–2007)
* Kvant-1 (1987–2001)
* GALEX (2003–2013)
* Gamma (1990–1992)
* Ginga (Astro-C) (1987–1991)
* Granat (1989–1998)
* Hakucho (CORSA-b) (1979–1985)
* HALCA (MUSES-B) (1997–2005)
* HEAO-1 (1977–1979)
* Herschel (2009–2013)
* Hinotori (Astro-A) (1981–1991)
* HEAO-2 (Einstein Obs.) (1978–1982)
* HEAO-3 (1979–1981)
* HETE-2 (2000–2008)
* Hipparcos (1989–1993)
* IUE (1978–1996)
* IRAS (1983)
* IRTS (1995–1996)
* ISO (1996–1998)
* IXAE (1996–2004)
* Kepler (2009–2018)
* Kristall (1990–2001)
* LEGRI (1997–2002)
* LISA Pathfinder (2015–2017)
* MOST (2003–2019)
* MSX (1996–1997)
* OAO-2 (1968–1973)
* OAO-3 (Copernicus) (1972–1981)
* Orbiting Solar Observatory
* OSO 1
* OSO 2/OSO B
* OSO 3
* OSO 4
* OSO 5
* OSO 6
* OSO 7
* OSO 8
* Orion 1 (1971)
* Orion 2 (1973)
* PAMELA (2006–2016)
* PicSat (2018)
* Planck (2009–2013)
* RELIKT-1 (1983–1984)
* R/HESSI (2002–2018)
* ROSAT (1990–1999)
* RXTE (1995–2012)
* SAMPEX (1992–2004)
* SAS-B (1972–1973)
* SAS-C (1975–1979)
* Solwind (1979–1985)
* Spektr-R (2011–2019)
* Suzaku (Astro-EII) (2005–2015)
* Taiyo (SRATS) (1975–1980)
* Tenma (Astro-B) (1983–1985)
* Uhuru (1970–1973)
* Vanguard 3 (1959)
* WMAP (2001–2010)
* Yokoh (Solar-A) (1991–2001)

Hibernating
(Mission completed)|

* SWAS (1998–2005)
* TRACE (1998–2010)

Lost|

* OAO-1 (1966)
* OAO-B (1970)
* CORSA (1976)
* OSO C (1965)
* ABRIXAS (1999)
* HETE-1 (1996)
* WIRE (1999)
* Astro-E (2000)
* Tsubame (2014–2015)
* Hitomi (Astro-H) (2016)

Cancelled|

* AOSO
* Astro-G
* Constellation-X
* Darwin
* Destiny
* EChO
* Eddington
* FAME
* FINESSE
* GEMS
* HOP
* IXO
* JDEM
* LOFT
* OSO J
* OSO K
* Sentinel
* SIM & SIMlite
* SNAP
* SPOrt
* TAUVEX
* TPF
* XEUS
* XIPE

See also|

* Great Observatories program
* List of space telescopes
* List of proposed space observatories
* List of X-ray space telescopes

* Category

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