List of Indian musical instruments

Short description: None

Lady playing pulluvan veena

Indian musical instruments can be broadly classified according to the Hornbostel–Sachs system into four categories: chordophones (string instruments), aerophones (wind instruments), membranophones (drums) and idiophones (non-drum percussion instruments).

## Contents

* 1 Chordophones
* 1.1 Plucked strings
* 1.2 Bowed strings
* 1.3 Other string instruments
* 2 Aerophones
* 2.1 Single reed
* 2.2 Double reed
* 2.3 Flute
* 2.4 Bagpipes
* 2.5 Free reed
* 2.6 Free reed and bellows
* 2.7 Brass
* 3 Membranophones
* 3.1 Hand drums
* 3.2 Hand frame drums
* 3.3 Stick and hand drums
* 3.4 Stick drums
* 4 Idiophones
* 4.1 Melodic
* 5 Hand harmonium
* 6 Electronic
* 7 See also
* 8 References

## Chordophones

### Plucked strings

* Arched harp
* Bulbul Tarang
* Dotar, Dotora, or Dotara
* Dhrupad
* Ektara
* Getchu Vadyam or Jhallari
* Gopichand or Gopiyantra or Khamak
* Gottuvadhyam or Chitravina
* Katho
* Sarod
* Sitar
* Surbahar
* Surshringar
* Swarabat
* Swarmandal
* Tambura
* Tritantri Veena

* Tumbi
* Tuntuna
* Magadi Veena
* Hansa Veena
* Mohan Veena
* Nakula Veena
* Nanduni
* Pamiri rubab
* Rudra Veena, also called Bīn in North India
* Sagar Veena
* Saraswati Veena
* Vichitra Veena
* Yazh
* Ranjan Veena
* Mayuri Veena
* Rubab (instrument)
* Triveni Veena

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### Bowed strings

Tribal fiddle instruments called "Dhodro Banam" used by Santhal people in Eastern India.

* Chikara
* Dhantara
* Dilruba
* Ektara violin
* Esraj
* Kamaicha
* Kingri (string instrument)
* Mayuri Vina or Taus
* Onavillu
* Behala (violin type)
* Pena (musical instrument)
* Pinaka vina
* Pulluvan Veena - one stringed violin
* Ravanahatha
* Sarangi
* Classical Sarangi
* Sarinda
* Tar Shehnai
* Taus
* Villu Paatu - arched bow instrument

### Other string instruments

* Gethu or Jhallari – struck tanpura
* Gubguba or Jamuku (khamak)
* Pulluvan kutam
* Santoor – Hammered dulcimer

## Aerophones

### Single reed

* Pepa
* Pungi or Been

Snake charmer playing pungi Bansuri player at Mehrangarh Fort at Jodhpur. Indian Harmonium

### Double reed

* Kuzhal
* Mukhavina
* Nadaswaram
* Shehnai
* Sundari
* Tangmuri

### Flute

* Alghoza – double flute
* Bansuri
* Venu (Carnatic flute) Pullanguzhal

### Bagpipes

* Mashak
* Titti
* Sruti upanga

### Free reed

* Gogona
* Morsing

### Free reed and bellows

* Shruti box
* Harmonium (hand-pumped)

### Brass

* Bigul – see Bugle
* Ekkalam
* Karnal
* Kombu (instrument)
* Ramsinga
* Kahal
* Nagfani
* Turi
* Tutari

## Membranophones

### Hand drums

Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationLearning to play tabla Tumbaknaer, drum from Jammu and Kashmir for accompanying devotionals Chenda (top) and Chande (below) are different drums Chande of Yakshagana

* Dhad
* Damru
* Dimadi
* Dhol
* Dholak
* Dholki
* Duggi
* Ghat singhari or Gada Singari
* Ghumot
* Gummeta
* Kanjira
* Khol
* Kinpar and Dhopar (Tribal Drums)
* Madal
* Mardala
* Maddale
* Maram
* Mizhavu
* Mridangam
* Naal

* Pakhavaj
* Pakhavaj Jori – Sikh instrument similar to Tabla
* Panchamukha vadyam
* Pung cholom
* Shuddha Madalam or Maddalam
* Tabala / Tabl / Chameli – goblet drum
* Tabla
* Tabla Tarang – set of Tablas
* Tamate
* Thanthi Panai
* Thimila
* Tumbak, Tumbaknari, Tumbaknaer
* Tumdak'
* Udukku

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### Hand frame drums

* Daf, duf, or dafli – medium or large frame drum without jingles, of Persian origin
* Dubki, dimdi or dimri – small frame drum without jingles
* Kanjira – small frame drum with one jingle
* Kansi – small drum without jingles
* Patayani thappu – medium frame drum played with hands

### Stick and hand drums

* Chenda
* Davul
* Dhak
* Dhimay
* Dhol
* Dholi
* Dollu
* Idakka
* Thavil
* Udukai
* Urumi (drum)

### Stick drums

Chennakeshava Temple, 12th century A.D. Goddess playing an hourglass drum, possibly an udukai.

* Chande
* Davul
* Kachhi Dhol
* Nagara – pair of kettledrums
* Pambai – unit of two cylindrical drums
* Parai thappu, halgi – frame drum played with two sticks
* Sambal
* Stick daff or stick duff – daff in a stand played with sticks
* Tamak'
* Tasha – type of kettledrum
* Timki
* Urumee

## Idiophones

A medieval instrument, labeled nagaveena (snake veena), is a type of musical scraper.

* Chigggjha – fire tong with brass jingles
* Chengila – metal disc
* Eltathalam
* Gegvrer – brass vessel
* Ghaynti – Northern Indian bell
* Ghatam and Matkam (Earthenware pot drum)
* Ghunyugroo
* Khartal or Chiplya
* Manjira or jhanj or taal
* Nut – clay pot
* Sankarpjlnjang – lithophone
* Thali – metal plate
* Thattukanvjzhi mannai
* Yakshahgana bells

### Melodic

Jaltarang

* Jal tarang, ceramic bowls with water
* Kanch tarang, a type of glass harp
* Kashtha tarang, a type of xylophone

## Hand harmonium

Dwarkanath Ghose (Dwarkin) modified the French pedal harmonium.

## Electronic

* Roland HandSonic
* Electronic tanpura
* Electronic (digital) tabla
* Talameter

## See also

* Music of India
* List of Indian dances

## References

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