MPT8080

MPT8080 "Microtutor"Date invented| 1976 (1976)

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Invented by| Dr. Ravi Raizada
Manufacturer| Limrose Electronics
Introduced| 1976; 50 years ago (1976)
Type| Microprocessor trainer
Processor| Intel 8080A
Memory| 1 kilobyte
Ports| Proprietary input and output ports

The MPT8080 "Microtutor" is a microprocessor trainer based on the Intel 8080 processor, developed by Limrose Electronics. It was designed in the mid-1970s to assist in the understanding of the then-new microprocessors.

Users of the MPT8080 enter assembly language programs via binary switches or a hexadecimal keypad. While the code executes, the user can observe what is happening on the address, data, and control signals of the microprocessor. The MPT8080 acts like a simulator, in that code can be stepped through one instruction—or each cycle of each individual instruction—at a time to observe what is happening.

The MPT8080 has simple input and output, consisting of eight LEDs and eight switches. The input port allows code to sense the state of external switches, whilst the output port can display information on one of its eight LEDs. The input and output ports also have connectors, allowing them to be connected to external signals through accessory patch kits, thus allowing the MPT8080 to control and monitor other circuitry.

## Contents

* 1 History
* 1.1 MPT8080 Version 1
* 1.2 MPT8080 Version 2
* 2 Operating the MPT8080
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 Further reading
* 6 External links

## History

Initially, a Motorola 6800-based trainer was developed alongside the Intel 8080–based model, but due to technical and operational issues the 6800 trainer was abandoned.

As recently as 2012, the MPT8080 remained in academic use at King's College London, as part of a course in practical physics. [1] As of 2011[update], the MPT8080 was still available for sale.

### MPT8080 Version 1

MPT8080 version 1 version 1 pcb

The initial version of the MPT8080 was designed by Dr. Ravi Raizada, the chief executive officer of Limrose Electronics. It was first marketed in 1976 at the price of £249, in Wireless World magazine page 24 September 1976.

Details of version 1 of the microtutor are included in the book : Small Systems Computer Sourcebook, author: J C Boonham[2]

This version used eight binary switches and a load button for program entry.

### MPT8080 Version 2

MPT8080 version 2 - hex keypad

The second version, the MPT8080 K-1, and introduced during 1979, was designed by Stephen Pickering and replaced the binary switch input with a 16-key hexadecimal keypad. Although more than half of the trainer's circuitry was redesigned for this version, it remained compatible with the first version. A trace mode was added to allow single-cycle execution as well as machine cycles; this allowed the user to quickly step through code until reaching the portion of the program in which the user was interested. Latest UK price £495+vat (source: Limrose U.K.Price List 1st Sept 2010).

Features of the MPT8080 K-1  Processor  | Intel 8080A

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Memory  | One kilobyte: Two 2114 static 1K × 4-bit RAM chips
State machine  | Based on 7400 series TTL chip; controls data entry and program execution
Input  | Keypad  | 20 keys:

* 16 hex digits (0–9, A–F)
* Reset
* Interrupt
* Clear current memory location
* Step (advance program counter)

Dallas/National Semiconductor 20-key keyboard decoder
Control switches  |

MMLE / Run
Manual Memory Load and Examine—set the operating mode to normal code execution or data entry
SI/SC
Single Instruction or Single Cycle for run mode; only relevant when in SSTP mode
SSTP / CONT
selects Single-Step or Continuous execution mode
Output  | Program counter | 16 LEDs
Data bus  | Eight LEDs
Status signals  | Eight LEDs
Output port  | Eight LEDs

## Operating the MPT8080

Programs are entered in the MPT8080 in data entry mode ("MMLE"). Each byte of the program is entered, either by toggling the binary switches and pressing the load button, or by entering the byte on the hexadecimal keypad. The program can then be executed.

The program can control the eight output port lines, turning the associated LEDs on or off.

By selecting single-step and single-cycle mode and stepping through a program with the step button, the user can see exactly what happens during every instruction cycle, observing the program counter, data bus and control signals on their corresponding LEDs.

By selecting single-instruction mode, rather than single-cycle mode, each press of the step button will execute a complete instruction, rather than a single cycle. This is useful for quickly advancing to a specific address.

The input/output ports can be used to read external signals and drive output devices like motors and buzzers with little or no additional hardware.

The system is programmed directly in 8080 machine code:

Address       Code           Instruction                     Comments
0000          DB 00          IN  0                           Read from switches
0002          D3 00          OUT 0                           write to LEDs
0004          C3 00 00       JMP 0                           return to start of code

## See also

* List of early microcomputers
* Intel 8080

## References

1. ↑ Department of Physics (2008-10-06). Second Year Physics Laboratory Manual 2008/2009. University of London. p. 54. http://www.kcl.ac.uk/content/1/c6/02/14/41/2ndyearmanual2008-2009lab.pdf. Retrieved 2011-03-03.
2. ↑ Boonham, J C (1978). Small Systems Computer Sourcebook. The Rococo Press Limited. ISBN 9780470262955. https://books.google.com/books?id=RsAOAAAAQAAJ&q=limrose++mpt&pg=PA10.

Notes

* A cached copy of the Department of Physics (2008-10-06). "Machine code programming" can be found on the internet archive at:

## Further reading

* Raizada, Ravi S. (1979). Introduction to Microprocessors, Volume One. (printed training manual provided with MPT8080)

## External links

* Web site on old computers, includes some pictures of version 1 of the Limrose MPT-8080 microprocessor trainer.
* The ICL Computer Museum has a MPT8080 K-1 and other Limrose Electronics products from the 1970's.

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