Matsushita JR series

Short description: Brand of microcomputers

The Matsushita JR series was a line of microcomputers produced by Matsushita Electric Industrial (now Panasonic) during the 1980s. Based on the success of the Sharp MZ and NEC PC-8000 series, it was an attempt by Matsushita to enter the personal computer market.

The JR series included four computer models: the JR-100,[1] the JR-200,[2][3] the JR-300[4] and the JR-800.[5]

## Contents

* 1 JR-100
* 2 JR-200
* 3 JR-300
* 4 JR-800
* 5 Character set
* 6 See also
* 7 References
* 8 External links

## JR-100

The JR-100[6] was released on November 21, 1981, with a price of 54,800 yen.[7] Like the Hitachi Basic Master and Sharp MZ-80, it was a low-performance, low-priced personal computer offering basic semi-graphic character based graphics, a monochrome display, and minimal sound ability. The CPU was an 8-bit Panasonic MN1800A NMOS microprocessor[8] (compatible with the Motorola MC6802, a slightly improved version of the Motorola MC6800) running at a slow 0.89 MHz, and it came with 16 KB of RAM (expandable to 32 KB).[9]

Specifications:

* CPU: MN1800A (MC6802 compatible)
* Clock speed: 890 KHz
* RAM: 16-32 KB
* ROM: 8 KB
* Graphics: Monochrome; 32x24 text characters; 64x48 semi-graphic characters with 8x8 pixel matrix
* Sound: Internal speaker
* Connections: Monitor, Expansion, Tape (Frequency-shift keying encoding with 1200Hz for space and 2400Hz for mark; 600 baud)
* OS: JR-BASIC 1.0[10]

## JR-200

Main page: Engineering:Panasonic JR-200

The JR-200[2][3] is made of silver grey plastic, and has a black matte area around the chiclet keyboard area. It used the same MN1800A CPU as the previous model, but added a second processor, the 4-bit MN1544CJR,[11] which is used for I/O and contains 128 bytes of RAM plus four kilobytes of ROM.

The computer received favorable reviews on its launch. Creative Computing wrote "The Panasonic JR-200 is one of the nicest new computers to make the scene in some time."[12]

A version of the JR-200 called the Panasonic JR-200U was developed for the North American and European markets and was announced in January 1983.[13]

Specifications:

* CPU: MN1800A + MN1544
* Clock speed: 890 KHz
* RAM: 36 KB
* ROM: 16 KB
* Graphics: 8 colors (black, blue, red, magenta, green, cyan, yellow, white); 256x192; 32x24 text characters; 64x48 semi-graphic characters with 8x8 pixel matrix[11]
* Sound: 3 voices, 5 octaves, square wave. Generated by the MN1271 sound, I/O and timer chip.[14][11]
* Connections: Composite and RF video, expansion, tape (600/2400 bauds), printer port, floppy drive, joystick
* OS: JR-BASIC 5.0

## JR-300

The JR-300,[4] released in 1984, was completely redesigned in comparison with the earlier JR-100 and JR-200 models. The JR-300 had a Zilog Z80A CPU as well as a second MN1800A CPU to allow backwards compatibility with the JR-200.[15]

Specifications:

* CPU: MN1800A + Z80A
* Clock speed: 4 MHz
* RAM: 82 KB
* ROM: 40 KB
* Graphics: 8 colors; 640x200; 320x200; 640x400
* Sound: Yamaha 8910 (3 voices, 5 octaves)
* Connections: RGB, Composite and RF video, sound out, expansion, tape (600/2400 bauds), printer port, floppy drive, joystick
* OS: JR-BASIC 5.0, Extended Basic

## JR-800

A handheld model called JR-800 was launched in 1983 with a price of 128,000 yen,[16] but it was not compatible with the previous JR computers.[5] It was based around a Hitachi HD63A01V CPU[17] (MC6801 compatible) running at 4.9152 MHz, with 16 KB of RAM, and featured a 192x64 pixel LCD screen.[18]

Specifications:

* CPU: HD63A01V
* Clock speed: 4.9152 MHz
* RAM: 16 KB
* ROM: 16 KB
* Graphics: monochrome LCD, 32x8 characters; 192x64 pixels
* Connections: tape, RS-232, printer, sound
* OS: BASIC

## Character set

The table below shows the semigraphics character set available on the Matsushita JR series, as shown on the operations manual.[19] Characters are rendered using modern equivalents, the exact hardware font it not simulated.

| 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 8  | 9  | E  | F

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

0  |  | 0  | @  | P  |  | ┌  | ◯  | ┘
1  | !  | 1  | A  | Q  | ♠  | ▁  | ▗  | ▏
2  | “  | 2  | B  | R  | ♥  | ▂  | ▞  | ▎
3  | #  | 3  | C  | S  | ♦  | ▃  | ▙  | ▖
4  | $  | 4  | D  | T  | ♣  | ▄  | ▛  | ▌
5  | %  | 5  | E  | U  | ⬣  | ▅  | ▎  | ▊
6  | & | 6  | F  | V  | ←  | ▆  | ▜  | ▟
7  | '  | 7  | G  | W  | ↓  | ▇  | ▚  | ▟
8  | (  | 8  | H  | X  | ↑  | ├  | ▐  | ▘
9  | )  | 9  | I  | Y  | →  | ┤  | ┼  | ▊
A  | *  | :  | J  | Z  | 🛉  | │  | ▒  | ▝
B  | \+  | ;  | K  | [  | ☺  | ─  | ┬  | ◟
C  | ,  | < | L  | ¥  | ▓  | ◣  | ┴  | ●
D  | \-  | =  | M  | ]  | ┐  | ◝  | ░  | ◞
E  | .  | > | N  | ^  | █  | ╳  | ▀  | ◜
F  | /  | ?  | O  | _  | ◢  | ╱  | └  | ╲

## See also

* JR-BASIC
* Panasonic JR-200
* Sharp MZ
* PC-8000 series

## References

1. ↑ "MATSUSHITA National JR 100". https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=320.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "MATSUSHITA National JR 200". https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=324.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Service Manual Personal Computer JR-200U. Panasonic. http://vintagevolts.com/wp-content/uploads/Panasonic-JR-200U-Service-Manual.pdf.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "MATSUSHITA National JR 300". https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?st=1&c=321.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Hawkings, William (November 1983). "Low-cost computers". Popular Science: pp. 150. https://books.google.com/books?id=EpSrYt9lFLMC&dq=Panasonic+JR-800&pg=PA150.
6. ↑ マイコン1982年2月号
7. ↑ "JR-100". May 28, 2017. http://asamomiji.jp/contents/documents/retropc/jr100.
8. ↑ PANASONIC INDL/ELEK {IC} 72. Panasonic. pp. 270. https://www.datasheetarchive.com/pdf/download.php?id=2fae23a9ce160f11ce15274d241e5a77bcb2b1&type=O&term=27--KUX.
9. ↑ Operating Instructions - Personal Computer JR-100U. Panasonic. https://archive.org/details/Panasonic_JR-100U_Operating_Instructions.
10. ↑ "JR-100". May 28, 2017. http://asamomiji.jp/contents/documents/retropc/jr100.
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Reunanen, Markku. "Discovering the Panasonic JR-200U". http://www.kameli.net/marq/?page_id=1270.
12. ↑ Ahl, David (May 1983). "Panasonic JR-200". Creative Computing Magazine 9 (5): pp. 16. https://archive.org/details/creativecomputing-1983-05./page/n19/mode/2up.
13. ↑ "PANASONIC JR-200U". https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=553. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
14. ↑ PANASONIC INDL/ELEK {IC} 72. Panasonic. pp. 524. https://www.datasheetarchive.com/pdf/download.php?id=49f1a85cf9cac486c29073c0ad2058dce510c1&type=O&term=MN1271.
15. ↑ "MATSUSHITA National JR 300". https://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=321. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
16. ↑ "JR-800(ポケコン・ポケットコンピュータ)のことなら「自分でドットコム」(DIY)". http://www.jibunde.com/pokecom/National/JR-800/index.html.
17. ↑ "National JR-800 Documentation". August 2020. https://pockemul.com/index.php/2020/08/28/national-jr-800-documentation/.
18. ↑ "The National JR-800 computer". http://pocket.free.fr/html/national/jr-800_e.html.
19. ↑ Operating Instructions Personal Computer JR-100U. Panasonic. pp. 8,54. https://archive.org/details/Panasonic_JR-100U_Operating_Instructions/page/n9/mode/2up.

## External links

* The Pocket Computer Museum entry on the National JR-800 handheld computer
* BINARIUM museum entry on the Panasonic JR-100 (German language)

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