Paz (satellite)

Short description: Spanish military Earth observation satellite

Paz

Paz undergoing integration at SpaceX prior to launch

Names| SEOSAR
Mission type| Earth observation
Reconnaissance
Intelligence
Operator| Hisdesat
COSPAR ID| 2018-020A
SATCAT no.| 43215
Mission duration| Planned: ≥7 years
Elapsed: 8 years, 3 months, 19 days
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer| Airbus Defence and Space
Launch mass| 1,341 kg (2,956 lb)
Dry mass| 1,282 kg (2,826 lb)
Dimensions| Hexagonal: 2.4 × 5 m (7.9 × 16.4 ft)
Power| 850 W
Start of mission
Launch date| 22 February 2018, 14:17 (2018-02-22UTC14:17) UTC
Rocket| Falcon 9 Flight 49
Launch site| Vandenberg Air Force Base , SLC-4E
Contractor| SpaceX
Orbital parameters
Reference system| Geocentric
Regime| Low Earth
Perigee altitude| 507.2 km (315.2 mi)
Apogee altitude| 509.5 km (316.6 mi)
Inclination| 97.45°
Period| 94.79 minutes
Epoch| 20 September 2018, 07:51:55 UTC[1]
Transponders
Band| X band
Bandwidth| 300 Mbits/sec

Paz (Spanish for "Peace") is a Spanish Earth observation and reconnaissance satellite launched on 22 February 2018. It is Spain's first spy satellite.[2] The satellite is operated by Hisdesat.[3] Paz was previously referred to as SEOSAR (Satélite Español de Observación SAR).[4]

## Contents

* 1 Overview
* 2 Launch
* 3 Gallery
* 4 References

## Overview

For observational purposes, Paz uses a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) to collect images of Earth for governmental and commercial use, as well as other ship tracking and weather sensors, which enables high-resolution mapping of large geographical areas at day and night.[3][5] The X-band radar imaging payload operates at a wavelength of 3.1 centimetres (1.2 in), or a frequency of 9.65 gigahertz.

The Paz satellite is operated in a constellation with the German SAR fleet TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X on the same orbit. The collaboration was agreed on by both Hisdesat and former European aerospace manufacturer Astrium, operator of the two other satellites.[4][6] The high-resolution images will be used for military operations, border control, intelligence, environmental monitoring, protection of natural resources, city, and infrastructure planning, and monitoring of natural catastrophes.

Originally, Paz was scheduled for launch from the Yasny launch base, Russia, in 2014, but this was delayed due to Russia's 2014 annexation of Crimea, resulting in an International Court of Arbitration legal battle between Hisdesat and Kosmotras. The US launch was estimated to cost around €53 million, cost partially reduced by the inclusion of several mobile internet satellites on the same flight.[2]

## Launch

The satellite launched on a reused Falcon 9 rocket by SpaceX from Vandenberg Air Force Base , SLC-4E on 22 February 2018 at 14:17 UTC. The satellite hosted two secondary payloads: an AIS receiver and the Radio-Occultation and Heavy Precipitation (ROHP) experiment.[7] The launch was shared by two 400 kg (880 lb) SpaceX test satellites for their Starlink, named Tintin A and B.[8][9] It was the final flight of a Block 3 first stage, and reused the booster B1038 from the Formosat-5 mission.[10] Paz weighs 1,282 kg (2,826 lb),[10] and its total mass with fuel is 1,341 kg (2,956 lb).[8] The payloads were carried to a Sun-synchronous dawn-dusk orbit.[3] The launch was originally scheduled for 30 January 2018.[5]

The booster flew without landing legs and was expended at sea.[8] It also featured Fairing 2.0 with a recovery attempt using a crew boat named Mr. Steven that is equipped with a net. The fairing narrowly missed the boat, leading to a soft water landing.[11][12]

## Gallery

*   *   *   *

## References

1. ↑ "Paz - Orbit". Heavens-Above. 20 September 2018. https://heavens-above.com/orbit.aspx?satid=43215.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ford, Matt (10 February 2018). "Elon Musk's SpaceX to launch Spain's first military spy satellite". EuroWeekly News. https://www.euroweeklynews.com/news/on-euro-weekly-news/spain-news-in-english/1471561-elon-musk-s-spacex-to-launch-spain-s-first-military-spy-satellite.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Paz Earth Observation Satellite - Airforce Technology" (in en-GB). Airforce Technology. http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/paz-earth-observation-satellite/.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "PAZ". eoPortal. European Space Agency. https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/p/paz.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Launch Schedule". Spaceflight Now. https://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/.
6. ↑ "TerraSAR-X & PAZ Constellation : Airbus Defence and Space" (in en). http://www.intelligence-airbusds.com/en/3085-terrasar-x-paz-constellation.
7. ↑ "Hisdesat Commits Launch of PAZ Satellite to SpaceX" (Press release). Hisdesat. 7 March 2017. Archived from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Atkinson, Ian (11 February 2018). "Falcon 9 static fires at Vandenberg ahead of Paz + Starlink launch". NASASpaceFlight.com. https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/02/falcon-9-static-fire-vandenberg-paz-starlink/.
9. ↑ Krebs, Gunter. "MicroSat 2a, 2b". http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/microsat-2.htm.
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Krebs, Gunter. "Paz". http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/paz.htm.
11. ↑ "SpaceX Falcon 9 set for PAZ launch with Starlink demo and new fairing". NASASpaceFlight.com. https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/02/spacex-falcon-9-paz-launch-starlink-demo-new-fairing/.
12. ↑ Musk, Elon. "Missed by a few hundred meters...". Twitter.com. https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/966692641533390848.

* v
* t
* e

SpaceX rocket launches

SpaceX launch vehicles|

* Falcon 1
* Falcon 9
* v1.0
* v1.1
* Full Thrust
* Block 5
* Falcon Heavy

Falcon 1 missions|

* Demo 1† (FalconSAT-2)
* Demo 2†
* Flight 3†
* Trailblazer
* PRESat
* NanoSail-D
* Explorers
* Ratsat
* RazakSAT

Falcon 9 missions|

| Demonstration flights|

* Dragon Spacecraft Qualification Unit
* NASA COTS Demo Flight 1
* Dragon C2+
* Crew Dragon Demo-1
* Crew Dragon in-flight abort test

|

Dragon ISS logistics|

* CRS-1
* CRS-2
* CRS-3
* CRS-4
* CRS-5
* CRS-6
* CRS-7†
* CRS-8
* CRS-9
* CRS-10
* CRS-11
* CRS-12
* CRS-13
* CRS-14
* CRS-15
* CRS-16
* CRS-17
* CRS-18
* CRS-19
* CRS-20
* CRS-21
* CRS-22
* (missions contracted up to CRS-26)

Dragon 2 crewed missions|

* Crew Dragon Demo-2
* USCV-1
* Bigelow Crew 1

Commercial satellites|

* SES-8
* Thaicom 6
* Orbcomm OG2 × 6
* AsiaSat 8
* AsiaSat 6
* ABS-3A / Eutelsat 115 West B
* TürkmenÄlem 52°E
* Orbcomm OG2 × 11
* SES-9
* JCSAT-14
* Thaicom 8
* ABS-2A / Eutelsat 117 West B
* JCSAT-16
* Amos-6†
* Iridium NEXT 1–10
* EchoStar 23
* SES-10
* Inmarsat-5 F4
* BulgariaSat-1
* Iridium NEXT 11–20
* Intelsat 35e
* Iridium NEXT 21–30
* SES-11
* Koreasat 5A
* Iridium NEXT 31–40
* Hispasat 30W-6
* Iridium NEXT 41–50
* Bangabandhu-1
* Iridium NEXT 51–55
* SES-12
* Telstar 19V
* Iridium NEXT 56–65
* Telkom 4 (Merah Putih)
* Telstar 18V
* Es'hail 2
* SSO-A
* Iridium NEXT 66–75
* Nusantara Satu \+ Beresheet
* Amos 17
* JCSAT-18
* SXM 7
* SXM 8
* Türksat 5A

Scientific satellites|

* CASSIOPE
* DSCOVR
* Jason-3
* Formosat-5
* TESS
* GRACE-FO
* SAOCOM 1A
* RADARSAT Constellation
* SAOCOM 1B
* Hakuto-R
* Jason-CS
* KPLO
* DART

Military satellites|

* NROL-76
* X-37B OTV-5
* Zuma
* SES-16 / GovSat-1
* Paz
* GPS IIIA-01
* ANASIS-II
* GPS IIIA-03
* GPS IIIA-04
* GPS IIIA-05
* SARah 1
* GPS IIIA-06
* SARah 2/3

Starlink constellation|

* 2019
* Starlink group 0
* 1
* 2020
* Starlink group 2
* 3
* 4
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 8
* 9

Rideshares|

* 2021
* Mission 1
* 2022
* Mission 2
* 2023
* Mission 3

Falcon Heavy missions|

* Test flight
* Tesla Roadster
* Arabsat-6A
* USAF STP-2
* DSX
* FormoSat-7
* LightSail 2
* GPIM
* DSAC
* ISAT
* AFSPC-44
* AFSPC-52
* ViaSat-3 class

* Italics indicate future missions and vehicles under development. † denotes failed missions and destroyed vehicles.

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