Shiyan (satellite)

Short description: Chinese satellite program

Shiyan

Country|  People's Republic of China
Purpose| Experimental
Status| Active
Program history
Duration| 2004–Present
Maiden flight| 18 April 2004
Last flight| 25 December 2023
Successes| 35
Failures| 0
Launch site(s)|

* TSLC
* JSLC
* WSLC
* XSLC

Vehicle information
Launch vehicle(s)|

* Long March 2C
* Long March 2D
* Long March 3B
* Long March 4B
* Long March 4C
* Long March 6
* Long March 7A
* Long March 11
* Kuaizhou 1A
* Kinetica 1

Shiyan (SY, simplified Chinese: 实验; traditional Chinese: 實驗; pinyin: Shíyàn; literally: 'experiment') is a Chinese experimental satellite program consisting of a variety of test satellites. Given the classified nature of the satellites, Chinese government statements regarding the missions of Shiyan satellites follow the common refrain of agricultural monitoring and space environment observation — the same offered for other classified programs such as the Tongxin Jishu Shiyan, Yaogan, and Shijian programs. Alternatively named Tansuo satellites, Shiyan satellites occupy varying orbits including low Earth, polar Sun-synchronous, geosynchronous, and highly-elliptical orbits and are believed to accomplish a diverse set of missions from rendezvous proximity operations (RPO) to earth imaging.[1][2] Though similarly named, the Shiyan satellite program is not to be confused with the separate Shijian satellite program.

## Contents

* 1 Notable satellites
* 1.1 Shiyan 7
* 2 Satellites
* 3 See also
* 4 References

## Notable satellites

### Shiyan 7

Shiyan 7 was launched from Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center (TSLC) on 19 July 2013 aboard a Launch March 4C rocket into low Earth, Sun-synchronous orbit, accompanied by the Shijian 15 (of unknown mission) and Chuangxin 3.[2][3] Three weeks after launch, from 6–9 August 2013, Shiyan 7 performed rendezvous operations with its companion payload, Chuangxin-3, supporting speculations of a robotic arm-wielding satellite tasked with rendezvous proximity operations (RPO).[2][4][5][6] Later, Shiyan 7 shifted to rendezvous with Shijian 7 (of unknown mission) with whom it maintained proximity from 19 to 20 August 2013 until it maneuvered into a 5 km lower orbit.[4][7] Drawing further suspicion, around 19 October 2013, Shiyan 7 maneuvered to a 1 km higher orbit and released a previously untracked object, designated Shiyan 7B which many believe to be a subsatellite to RPO experiments.[3][4][8] Such operations, which the Chinese government does not comment on, has sparked debate around the nature of Chinese experimental satellites.[7][8][9]

## Satellites

Name  | Launch  | Orbit  | Orbital apsis | Inclination | SCN | COSPAR ID  | Launch site  | Launcher  | Status

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Shiyan 1  | 18 April 2004  | SSO | 559.8 km × 572.9 km  | 98.0°  | 28220  | 2004-012A | XSLC  | Long March 2C | Operational
Shiyan 2  | 18 November 2004  | SSO | 678.9 km × 702.5 km  | 98.1°  | 28479  | 2004-046A | XSLC  | Long March 2C | Operational
Shiyan 3  | 5 November 2008  | SSO | 788.6 km × 809.7 km  | 98.7°  | 33433  | 2008-056A | JSLC  | Long March 2D | Operational
Shiyan 4  | 20 November 2011  | SSO | 781.6 km × 816.2 km  | 98.7°  | 37931  | 2011-068B | JSLC  | Long March 2D | Operational
Shiyan 5  | 25 November 2013  | SSO | 747.5 km × 770.0 km  | 98.2°  | 39455  | 2013-068A | JSLC  | Long March 2D | Operational
Shiyan 6-01  | 19 November 2018  | SSO | 448.8 km × 541.0 km  | 97.4°  | 43711  | 2018-094B | JSLC  | Long March 2D | Operational
Shiyan 6-02  | 4 July 2020  | SSO | 609.0 km × 799.1 km  | 98.2°  | 45859  | 2020-043A | JSLC  | Long March 2D | Operational
Shiyan 6-03  | 8 April 2021  | SSO | 1,001.4 km × 1,126.5 km  | 99.5°  | 48157  | 2021-028A | TSLC  | Long March 4B | Operational
Shiyan 7A  | 19 July 2013  | SSO | 665.3 k × 679.0 km  | 98.0°  | 39208  | 2013-037A | TSLC  | Long March 4C | Operational
Shiyan 7B (subsat)  | 19 July 2013  | SSO | 670 km × 660 km  | 98.0°  | 39357  | 2013-037J | TSLC  | Long March 4C | Operational
Shiyan 9  | 11 March 2021  | GTO | 35,738.5 km × 35,852 km  | 19.4°  | 47851  | 2021-019A | WSLC  | Long March 7A | Operational
Shiyan 10  | 27 September 2021  | Molniya | 1,422.3 km × 38,950.6 km  | 63.7°  | 49258  | 2021-087A | XSLC  | Long March 3B | Partially operational[10]
Shiyan 10-02  | 29 December 2022  | GTO | (Not yet announced) | (Not yet announced) | 54878  | 2022-178A | XSLC  | Long March 3B | Operational
Shiyan 11  | 24 November 2021  | SSO | 488.9 km × 502.0 km  | 97.5°  | 49501  | 2021-112A | JSLC  | Kuaizhou 1A  | Operational
Shiyan 12-01  | 23 December 2021  | GEO | 35,751.6 km × 35,758.8 km  | 0.2°  | 50321  | 2021-129A | WSLC  | Long March 7A | Operational
Shiyan 12-02  | 23 December 2021  | GEO | 35,749.1 km × 35,773.1 km  | 0.2°  | 50322  | 2021-129B | WSLC  | Long March 7A | Operational
Shiyan 13  | 17 January 2022  | SSO | 371.3 km × 1,272.0 km  | 98.6°  | 51102  | 2022-004A | TSLC  | Long March 2D | Operational
Shiyan 14  | 24 September 2022  | SSO | 492.1 km × 514.7 km  | 97.5°  | 53884  | 2022-118A | TSLC  | Kuaizhou 1A  | Operational
Shiyan 15  | 24 September 2022  | SSO | 491.8 km × 510.5 km  | 97.5°  | 53885  | 2022-118B | TSLC  | Kuaizhou 1A  | Operational
Shiyan 16A  | 26 September 2022  | SSO | 509.1 km × 528.0 km  | 97.5°  | 53948  | 2022-121A | TSLC  | Long March 6 | Operational
Shiyan 16B  | 26 September 2022  | SSO | 509.6 km × 526.8 km  | 97.5°  | 53949  | 2022-121B | TSLC  | Long March 6 | Operational
Shiyan 17  | 26 September 2022  | SSO | 508.1 km × 527.0 km  | 97.5°  | 53950  | 2022-121C | TSLC  | Long March 6 | Operational
Shiyan 19  | 15 March 2023  | SSO | 500.1 km × 520.9 km  | 97.5°  | 55861  | 2023-034A | JSLC  | Long March 11 | Operational
Shiyan 20A  | 12 December 2022  | LEO | 800.3 km × 806.6 km  | 60.0°  | 54699  | 2022-169A | JSLC  | Long March 4C | Operational
Shiyan 20B  | 12 December 2022  | LEO | 798.5 km × 808.1 km  | 60.0°  | 54700  | 2022-169B | JSLC  | Long March 4C | Operational
Shiyan 20C  | 29 October 2022  | LEO | 799.5 km x 816.0 km  | 60.0°  | 54214  | 2022-142A | JSLC  | Long March 2D | Operational
Shiyan 21  | 16 December 2022  | LEO | 480.8 km × 498.5 km  | 36.0°  | 54752  | 2022-172A | XSLC  | Long March 11 | Operational
Shiyan 22A  | 13 January 2023  | LEO | 504.3 km × 521.9 km  | 43.2°  | 55242  | 2023-006A | JSLC  | Long March 2D | Operational
Shiyan 22B  | 13 January 2023  | LEO | 510.6 km × 526.3 km  | 43.2°  | 55243  | 2023-006B | JSLC  | Long March 2D | Operational
Shiyan 24A  | 7 June 2023  | SSO |  |  |  |  | JSLC  | Kinetica 1 | Operational
Shiyan 24B  | 7 June 2023  | SSO |  |  |  |  | JSLC  | Kinetica 1 | Operational
Shiyan 24C-01  | 25 December 2023  | SSO |  |  |  |  | Bo Run Jiu Zhou platform, South China Sea  | Long March 11 | Operational
Shiyan 24C-02  | 25 December 2023  | SSO |  |  |  |  | Bo Run Jiu Zhou platform, South China Sea  | Long March 11 | Operational
Shiyan 24C-03  | 25 December 2023  | SSO |  |  |  |  | Bo Run Jiu Zhou platform, South China Sea  | Long March 11 | Operational
Shiyan 25  | 20 June 2023  | SSO |  |  |  |  | TSLC  | Long March 6 | Operational
Sources: NASA, US Space Force, CelesTrak

## See also

Note: This topic belongs to "Spaceflight" portal

* Yaogan (YG)
* Shijian (SJ)
* Tongxin Jishu Shiyan (TJS)

## References

1. ↑ Krebs, Gunter Dirk (21 July 2019). "SY 1, 2 (TS 1, 2)". https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/sy-1.htm.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Shiyan 7". 27 April 2022. https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2013-037B.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Krebs, Gunter Dirk (21 July 2019). "SY 7A, 7B". https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/sy-7.htm.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Shiyan-7 (SY-7)". 12 December 2013. http://weebau.com/satellite/S/sy7.htm.
5. ↑ "Shiyan-7 (SY-7)". https://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=39208.
6. ↑ Smith, Marcia (19 August 2013). "Surprise Chinese Satellite Maneuvers Mystify Western Experts". SpacePolicyOnline. https://spacepolicyonline.com/news/surprise-chinese-satelllite-maneuvers-mystify-western-experts/.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 David, Leonard (9 September 2013). "Mysterious Actions of Chinese Satellites Have Experts Guessing". Space.com. https://www.space.com/22707-china-satellite-activities-perplex-experts.html.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Stokes, Mark; Alvarado, Gabriel (30 March 2020). ﻿China's Space and Counterspace Capabilities and Activities﻿ (Report). https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/2020-05/China_Space_and_Counterspace_Activities.pdf.
9. ↑ Deschenes, Nicholas. "Enabling Leaders to Dominate the Space Domain". Military Review (May–June 2019): 112. https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Portals/7/military-review/Archives/English/MJ-19/Deschenes-Space-Domain.pdf.
10. ↑ Krebs, Gunter Dirk (24 October 2021). "SY 10". https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/sy-10.htm.

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Chinese space program

* China National Space Administration (CNSA)

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|

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