Silvermont

Silvermont is a microarchitecture for low-power Atom, Celeron and Pentium branded processors used in systems on a chip (SoCs) made by Intel. Silvermont forms the basis for a total of four SoC families:[1]

* Merrifield and Moorefield - consumer SoCs intended for smartphones
* Bay Trail - consumer SoCs aimed at tablets, hybrid devices, netbooks, nettops, and embedded/automotive systems
* Avoton - SoCs for micro-servers and storage devices
* Rangeley - SoCs targeting network and communication infrastructure.

Silvermont is the successor of the Bonnell, using a newer 22 nm process (previously introduced with Ivy Bridge) and a new microarchitecture, replacing Hyper Threading with out-of-order execution.[2]

Silvermont was announced to news media on May 6, 2013, at Intel's headquarters at Santa Clara, California.[3] Intel had repeatedly said the first Bay Trail devices would be available during the Holiday 2013 timeframe, while leaked slides showed that the release window for Bay Trail-T as August 28 – September 13, 2013.[4] Both Avoton and Rangeley were announced as being available in the second half of 2013. The first Merrifield devices were announced in 1H14.[5]

According to the Tick–tock model Airmont is the 14 nm die shrink of Silvermont, launched in early 2015 and first seen in the Atom x7-Z8700 as used in the Microsoft Surface 3.[6] Airmont microarchitecture includes the following SoC families:[7]

* Braswell - consumer SoCs aimed at PCs
* Cherry Trail - consumer SoCs aimed at tablets.

Silvermont based cores have also been used, modified, in the Knight's Landing iteration of Intel's Xeon Phi HPC chips.

## Contents

* 1 Design
* 2 Technology
* 3 Errata
* 3.1 Bay Trail issues on Linux
* 3.2 Bay Trail issues on FreeBSD
* 3.3 Airmont issues
* 4 List of Silvermont processors
* 4.1 Desktop processors (Bay Trail-D)
* 4.2 Server processors (Avoton)
* 4.3 Communications processors (Rangeley)
* 4.4 Embedded/automotive processors (Bay Trail-I)
* 4.5 Mobile processors (Bay Trail-M)
* 4.6 Tablet processors (Bay Trail-T)
* 4.7 Smartphone processors (Merrifield)
* 4.8 Smartphone processors (Moorefield)
* 5 List of Airmont processors
* 5.1 Desktop processors (Braswell)
* 5.2 Mobile processors (Braswell)
* 5.3 Tablet processors (Cherry Trail)
* 6 Other uses
* 7 See also
* 8 References

## Design

Silvermont was the first Atom processor to feature an out-of-order architecture.[8]

## Technology

See also: Engineering:Intel Graphics Technology

* A 22 nm manufacturing process based on 3D tri-gate transistors
* System on chip architecture
* Consumer chips up to quad-core, business-class chips up to eight cores
* Supports SSE4.2 instruction set
* Gen 7 Intel HD Graphics with DirectX 11, OpenGL 4.0, and OpenCL 1.1 support. OpenGL 4.0 is supported with 10.18.10.5161 WHQL[9][10] and later drivers. On Android, Silvermont graphics is OpenGL ES 3.1 certified.[11]
* 10 W TDP desktop processors
* 4.5 and 7.5 W TDP mobile processors
* 20 W TDP Server and Communications processors

## Errata

Intel revealed in its Q4 2016 quarterly report that there were quality issues in the C2000 product family, which had an effect on the financial performance of the company's Data Center Group that quarter.[12] An erratum named AVR54 published by Intel; state there is a defect in the chip's LPC clock, and affected systems "may experience inability to boot or may cease operation".[13][14][15] A workaround is available requiring platform hardware changes. The SoC failures are thought to have led to failures in Cisco and Synology products,[16] though discussion of the C2000 as the root cause of failure has been reported to be under a non-disclosure agreement for many vendors.[17]

Intel released a new C0 stepping of the C2000 series in April 2017 which corrected the bug.[18]

In July 2017 Intel published that a similar quality issue affects also Atom E3800 series embedded processors. The erratum named VLI89 published by Intel state, similar to issue with Atom C2000, that there is a defect in the chip's LPC clock and affected systems "may experience inability to boot or may cease operation".[19] Issues extend also to USB bus and SD card circuitry and should happen "under certain conditions where activity is high for several years". In April 2018 Intel announced it is releasing a new D1 stepping to fix the issue.[20]

The LPC, USB and SD Card buses circuitry degradation issues also apply to other Bay Trail processors such as Intel Celeron J1900 and N2800/N2900 series;[21] also to Pentium N3500, J2850, J2900 series; and Celeron J1800 and J1750 series—as those are based on the same affected silicon.

Cisco stated failures of Atom C2000 processors can occur as early as 18 months of use with higher failure rates occurring after 36 months.[22]

Mitigations were found to limit impact on systems. Firmware update for the LPC bus called LPC_CLKRUN# reduces the utilization of the LPC interface what in turn decreases (but not eliminates) LPC bus degradation - some systems are however not compatible with this new firmware. USB should have a maximum of 10% active time and there is a 50TB transmit traffic life expectancy over the lifetime of the port. It is recommended not to use SD card as a boot device and to remove the card from the system when not in use.

### Bay Trail issues on Linux

It has been widely reported that Bay Trail CPUs (and possibly their derivatives including Airmont/Braswell/Cherry Trail) experience random freezes / lock-ups on various Linux kernels. Reference Linux bug report 109051 on Kernel.org Bugzilla, first reported Dec-2015. Workaround seems to be setting the Linux kernel flag `intel_idle.max_cstate=1`, which while eliminating the system freezes/lock-ups, results in increased CPU power/battery usage by preventing the CPU from entering higher power-saving C-states. Systems running Windows-OSes apparently do not experience these lockup/freeze issues. The issue had been addressed in the commit "drm/i915: Disable preemption and sleeping while using the punit sideband".

### Bay Trail issues on FreeBSD

A potential fix is to set `hw.acpi.cpu.cx_lowest=C1` and `dev.cpu.<n>.lowest` via `/etc/sysctl.conf`.

### Airmont issues

14 nm Airmont architecture processors are also affected by the design flaws as noted in the Braswell Specification Update under CHP49 errata.[23] In addition to LPC and SD Card circuitry degradation issues those 14 nm designs also have issues with Real Time Clock (RTC) circuitry degradation, their USB buses are however not affected. Unspecified firmware changes are required to mitigate RTC circuitry degradation. Intel does not plan to release a new stepping for Braswell. Intel admitted the issue stating the impact on consumers depends on use condition.[24]

## List of Silvermont processors

### Desktop processors (Bay Trail-D)

List of desktop processors as follows:

Target
segment  | Cores
(threads)  | Processor
branding and model  | GPU model  | TDP  | Turbo
(GHz)  | GPU freq.
(MHz)  | L2
cache
(MB)  | Release
date  | Price
(USD)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1-core  | Base  | Turbo
Value  | 4 (4)  | Pentium  | J2900 | HD Graphics
(4 EU)  | 10 W / 2.41 GHz  | 2.67  | 688  | 896  | 2  | Q4 2013  | $94
J2850 | N/A  | 792  | Q3 2013
Celeron  | J1900 | 10 W / 2.0 GHz  | 2.42  | 854  | Q4 2013  | $82
J1850 | N/A  | 792  | Q3 2013
2 (2)  | J1800 | 10 W / 2.41 GHz  | 2.58  | 1  | Q4 2013  | $72
J1750 | N/A  | 750  | Q3 2013

### Server processors (Avoton)

List of server processors as follows:[25]

Target
segment  | Cores
(threads)  | Processor
branding and model  | GPU model  | TDP  | CPU
Turbo
(GHz)  | Graphics clock rate | L2
cache
(MB)  | Release
date  | Price
(USD)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1-core  | Normal  | Turbo
Server  | 8 (8)  | Atom  | C2750 | N/A  | 20 W / 2.4 GHz  | 2.6  | N/A  | N/A  | 4  | Q3 2013  | $171
C2730 | 12 W / 1.7 GHz | 2.0  | $150
4 (4)  | C2550 | 14 W / 2.4 GHz | 2.6  | 2  | $86
C2530 | 9 W / 1.7 GHz | 2.0  | $70
2 (2)  | C2350 | 6 W / 1.7 GHz | 1  | $43

### Communications processors (Rangeley)

List of communications processors as follows:[26]

Target
segment  | Cores
(threads)  | Processor
branding and model  | GPU model  | TDP  | CPU Turbo
(GHz)  | GPU freq.  | Intel
QuickAssist  | L2
cache
(MB)  | Release
date  | Price
(USD)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1-core  | Normal  | Turbo
Communications  | 8 (8)  | Atom  | C2758 | N/A  | 20 W / 2.4 GHz  | N/A  | N/A  | N/A  | Yes  | 4  | Q3 2013  | $208
C2738 | No
C2718 | 18 W / 2.0 GHz  | Yes  | $182
4 (4)  | C2558 | 15 W / 2.4 GHz  | 2  | $104
C2538 | No
C2518 | 13 W / 1.7 GHz  | Yes  | $91
C2508 | 9.5 W / 1.25 GHz  | Q2 2014  | $98
2 (2)  | C2358 | 7 W / 1.7 GHz  | 2.0  | 1  | Q3 2013  | $60
C2338 | No
C2308 | 6 W / 1.25 GHz  | N/A  | Yes  | Q2 2014

### Embedded/automotive processors (Bay Trail-I)

List of embedded processors as follows:[27]

Target
segment  | Cores
(threads)  | Processor
branding and model  | GPU model  | TDP  | CPU Turbo  | GPU freq.
(MHz)  | L2
cache | Release
date  | Price
(USD)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1-core  | Base  | Turbo
Embedded  | 4 (4)  | Atom  | E3845 | HD Graphics
(4 EU)  | 10 W / 1.91 GHz  | N/A  | 542  | 792  | 2 MB  | Q4 2013  | $52
2 (2)  | E3827 | 8 W / 1.75 GHz  | 1 MB  | $41
E3826 | 7 W / 1.46 GHz  | 533  | 677  | $37
E3825 | 6 W / 1.33 GHz  | N/A  | $34
1 (1)  | E3815 | 5 W / 1.46 GHz  | 400  | 512 KB  | $31
2 (2)  | E3805 | N/A  | 3 W / 1.33 GHz  | N/A  | 1 MB  | Q4 2014

### Mobile processors (Bay Trail-M)

List of mobile processors as follows:

Target
segment  | Cores
(threads)  | Processor
branding & model  | GPU model  | TDP  | CPU
turbo
(GHz)  | GPU freq.
(MHz)  | L2
cache
(MB)  | Release
date  | Price
(USD)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Base  | Turbo
Value  |  4 (4)  | Pentium  | N3540 | Intel HD Graphics
(4 EU)  | 7.5 W / 2.16 GHz  | 2.66  | 313  | 896  | 2  | 2014-07-20  | $161
N3530 | 2.58  | 2014-02-23
N3520 | 7.5 W / 2.166 GHz  | 2.42  | 854  | 2013-11-03
N3510 | 7.5 W / 2.0 GHz  | N/A  | 750  | 2013-09-11
Celeron  | N2940 | 7.5 W / 1.83 GHz  | 2.25  | 854  | Q3 2014  | $107
N2930 | 2.16  | 2014-02-23
N2920 | 7.5 W / 1.86 GHz  | 2.0  | 844  | 2013-11-03
N2910 | 7.5 W / 1.6 GHz  | N/A  | 756  | 2013-09-11
2 (2)  | N2840 | 7.5 W / 2.16 GHz  | 2.58  | 311  | 792  | 1  | Q3 2014
N2830 | 2.41  | 313  | 750  | 2014-02-23
N2820 | 7.5 W / 2.13 GHz  | 2.39  | 756  | 2013-11-03
N2815 | 7.5 W / 1.86 GHz  | 2.13
N2810 | 7.5 W / 2.0 GHz  | N/A  | 2013-09-11
N2808 | 4.5 W / 1.58 GHz  | 2.25  | 311  | 792  | Q3 2014
N2807 | 4.3 W / 1.58 GHz  | 2.16  | 313  | 750  | 2014-02-23
N2806 | 4.5 W / 1.6 GHz  | 2.0  | 756  | 2013-11-03
N2805 | 4.3 W / 1.46 GHz  | N/A  | 667  | 2013-09-11

### Tablet processors (Bay Trail-T)

List of tablet and hybrid processors as follows:

Target
segment  | Cores
(threads)  | Processor
branding & model  | SDP[28](W)  | CPU freq.
(GHz)  | L2
cache
(MB)  | GPU model  | GPU freq.
(MHz)  | Memory  | Max display resolution  | Socket  | Release
date  | Price
(USD)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Base  | Turbo  | Base  | Burst  | Type  | # channels  | Max speed  | Max bandwidth  | Max supported
Value  | 4 (4)  | Atom  | Z3795 | 2  | 1.66  | 2.39  | 2  | HD Graphics (4 EU)  | 311  | 778  | LPDDR3  | 2x64b  | 1067MT/s  | 17.1 GB/s  | 4 GB  |  | FCBGA1380  | Q1 2014  | $40.00
Z3785 | 2.2  | 1.49  | 2.41  | 313  | 833  | 1333MT/s  | 21.3 GB/s  |  | Q2 2014  |
Z3775 | 2  | 1.46  | 2.39  | 311  | 778  | 1067MT/s  | 17.1 GB/s  |  | Q1 2014  | $35.00
Z3775D | 2.2  | 1.49  | 2.41  | 792  | DDR3L-RS  | 1x64b  | 1333MT/s  | 10.6 GB/s  |  | Q1 2014  | $35.00
Z3770 | 2  | 1.46  | 2.39  | 667  | LPDDR3  | 2x64b  | 1067MT/s  | 17.1 GB/s  | 2560×1600  | 11 September 2013  | $37.00
Z3770D | 2.2  | 1.5  | 2.41  | 313  | 688  | DDR3L-RS  | 1x64b  | 1333MT/s  | 10.6 GB/s  | 2 GB  | 1920×1280
Z3740 | 2  | 1.33  | 1.86  | 311  | 667  | LPDDR3  | 2x64b  | 1067MT/s  | 17.1 GB/s  | 4 GB  | 2560×1600  | $32.00
Z3740D | 2.2  | 1.83  | 313  | 688  | DDR3L-RS  | 1x64b  | 1333MT/s  | 10.6 GB/s  | 2 GB  | 1920×1280
Z3735F | 311  | 646  | 10.6 GB/s  | 1920×1200  | FCBGA592  | Q1 2014  | $17.00
Z3735G | 1x32b  | 5.3 GB/s  | 1 GB  | 1200×800
2 (2)  | Z3680  |  | 2.0  | 1  | 667  | LPDDR3  | 1x64b  | 1067MT/s  | 8.5 GB/s  | 1280×800  |  | 11 September 2013  | N/A
Z3680D  |  | 688  | DDR3L-RS  | 1x64b  | 1333MT/s  | 10.6 GB/s  | 2 GB  | 1920×1280  |

### Smartphone processors (Merrifield)

List of smartphone processors as follows:

Template:Cpulist/atomgfxTemplate:Cpulist/atomgfxTemplate:Cpulist/atomgfx

### Smartphone processors (Moorefield)

List of smartphone processors as follows:

Template:Cpulist/atomgfxTemplate:Cpulist/atomgfxTemplate:Cpulist/atomgfxTemplate:Cpulist/atomgfxTemplate:Cpulist/atomgfxTemplate:Cpulist/atomgfx

## List of Airmont processors

### Desktop processors (Braswell)

List of desktop processors as follows:

Target
segment  | Cores
(threads)  | Processor
branding and model  | GPU model  | TDP  | Turbo
(GHz)  | GPU freq.
(MHz)  | L2
cache
(MB)  | Release
date  | Price
(USD)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Brand name &
model number  | EU  | 1-core  | Base  | Turbo
Desktop  | 4 (4)  | Pentium  | J3710 | HD Graphics 405 | 18  | 6.5 W /
1.6 GHz  | 2.64  | 400  | 740  | 2  | January
2016  | N/A
Celeron  | J3160 | HD Graphics 400 | 12  | 6 W /
1.6 GHz  | 2.24  | 320  | 700
2 (2)  | J3060 | 2.48  | 2
[note 1]

### Mobile processors (Braswell)

List of mobile processors as follows:

Target
segment  | Cores
(threads)  | Processor
branding and model  | GPU Model  | TDP  | Turbo
(GHz)  | GPU freq.
(MHz)  | L2
cache
(MB)  | Release
date  | Price
(USD)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Brand name &
model number  | EU  | 1-core  | Base  | Turbo
Mobile  | 4 (4)  | Pentium  | N3710 | HD Graphics 405 | 16  | 6W /
1.6 GHz  | 2.56  | 400  | 700  | 2  | Q1 2016  | $161
N3700 | HD Graphics (Braswell)[note 2] | 2.4  | Q1 2015
Celeron  | N3160 | HD Graphics 400 | 12  | 2.24  | 320  | 640  | Q1 2016  | $107
N3150 | HD Graphics (Braswell)
[note 2] | 2.08  | Q1 2015
2 (2)  | N3060 | HD Graphics 400  | 2.48  | 600  | 2[note 1] | Q1 2016
N3050 | HD Graphics (Braswell)
[note 2] | 2.16  | Q1 2015
N3010 | HD Graphics 400  | 4W / 1.04 GHz  | 2.24  | Q1 2016
N3000 | HD Graphics (Braswell)
[note 2] | 2.08  | Q1 2015

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Some initial reports stated that the processor has 1 MB L2 cache; see Anthony Shvets. "Notes below Specifications". CPU World. http://www.cpu-world.com/CPUs/Celeron/Intel-Celeron N3000.html.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Klaus Hinum (January 26, 2016). "Intel HD Graphics (Braswell)". Notebookcheck Publishing GmbH. http://www.notebookcheck.net/Intel-HD-Graphics-Braswell.146746.0.html.

### Tablet processors (Cherry Trail)

List of smartphone and tablet processors as follows:

Target
segment  | Cores
(threads)  | Processor
branding and model  | SDP
(W)  | L2
cache
(MB)  | CPU freq.
(GHz)  | GPU  | Socket  | Release
date  | Price
(USD)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Brand name  | EU  | Freq. (MHz)
Base  | Turbo 1-core  | Base  | Turbo
Tablet  | 4 (4)  | Atom x7  | Z8750 | 2  | 2  | 1.6  | 2.56  | HD Graphics  | 16  | 200  | 600  | FCBGA1380  | Q1 2016  | $37
Z8700 | 2.4  | Q1 2015
Atom x5  | Z8550  | 1.44  | 12  | $27
Z8500 | 2.24
Z8350 | 1.92  | 500  | FCBGA594  | Q1 2016  | $21
Z8330 |
Z8300 | 1.84  | Q2 2015  | $21

## Other uses

Silvermont based processor cores have been used in Knights Landing versions of Intel's Xeon Phi multiprocessor HPC chips, with changes for HPC including AVX-512 vector units.[29][30]

Intel also licensed Airmont CPU cores to Spreadtrum (now UNISOC) for use with two of its SoCs launched in 2017: SC9861G-IA[31] and SC9853l.[32]

## See also

* List of Intel CPU microarchitectures
* List of Intel Pentium microprocessors
* List of Intel Celeron microprocessors
* List of Intel Atom microprocessors
* Atom (system on chip)

## References

1. ↑ "Intel Launches Low-Power, High-Performance Silvermont Microarchitecture". Intel.com. http://newsroom.intel.com/community/intel_newsroom/blog/2013/05/06/intel-launches-low-power-high-performance-silvermont-microarchitecture.
2. ↑ "Deep inside Intel's new ARM killer: Silvermont". The Register. 2013-05-08. https://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/05/08/intel_silvermont_microarchitecture/.
3. ↑ "Intel Launches Low-Power, High-Performance Silvermont Microarchitecture". Newsroom.intel.com. 2013-05-06. http://newsroom.intel.com/community/intel_newsroom/blog/2013/05/06/intel-launches-low-power-high-performance-silvermont-microarchitecture.
4. ↑ "Intel Bay Trial-T launches August 28 – September 13". guru3d.com. http://www.guru3d.com/news_story/intel_bay_trial_t_launches_august_28_september_13.html.
5. ↑ "Intel reveals Merrifield processor". engadget.com. https://www.engadget.com/2013/06/04/intel-reveals-merrifield-processor-in-new-smartphone-reference-d/.
6. ↑ Joel Hruska (March 31, 2015). "Intel quietly launches 14nm Braswell, Bay Trail's successor". ExtremeTech. https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/202389-intel-quietly-launches-14nm-braswell-bay-trails-successor.
7. ↑ Michael Kan. "Intel plans new 'Braswell' chip for PCs, over 20 Chromebooks". PCWorld. http://www.pcworld.com/article/2139540/intel-plans-new-braswell-chip-for-pcs-over-20-chromebooks.html.
8. ↑ Anand Lal Shimpi. "Intel's Silvermont Architecture Revealed: Getting Serious About Mobile". http://www.anandtech.com/show/6936/intels-silvermont-architecture-revealed-getting-serious-about-mobile.
9. ↑ "Download Intel® Graphics Driver for Windows 7* and 8.1*, and Windows® 10 [15.33"]. Drivers & Software. https://downloadcenter.intel.com/download/29969/.
10. ↑ "Intel HD Graphics Drivers v10.18.10.3621 with one new OpenGL Extension". Geeks3D. http://www.geeks3d.com/20140605/intel-hd-graphics-drivers-v10-18-10-3621-with-one-new-opengl-extension/.
11. ↑ "OpenGL ES Conformant product list". Khronos Group. 11 January 2014. http://www.khronos.org/conformance/adopters/conformant-products#opengles.
12. ↑ Alcorn, Paul (31 January 2017). "CPU Failures Hurt Intel's Bottom Line". Tom's Hardware. http://www.tomshardware.com/news/intel-cpu-failure-atom-processor,33538.html.
13. ↑ Hellstrom, Jeremy (7 February 2017). "Intel's Atom C2xxx processors may just make like a banana and split". PC Perspective. https://www.pcper.com/news/General-Tech/Intels-Atom-C2xxx-processors-may-just-make-banana-and-split.
14. ↑ Calburn, Thomas (6 February 2017). "Atom C2000 chips are bricking products – and it's not just Cisco hit". The Register. https://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/02/06/cisco_intel_decline_to_link_product_warning_to_faulty_chip/.
15. ↑ "Intel Atom Processor C2000 Product Family Specification Update". Intel. https://www-ssl.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/specification-updates/atom-c2000-family-spec-update.pdf.
16. ↑ Kampman, Jeff (7 February 2017). "Report: Some embedded Atom CPUs can brick their host systems". Tech Report. https://techreport.com/news/31398/report-some-embedded-atom-cpus-can-brick-their-host-systems.
17. ↑ Kennedy, Patrick (7 February 2017). "The Intel Atom C2000 Series Bug – Why It is So Quiet". ServeTheHome. https://www.servethehome.com/intel-atom-c2000-series-bug-quiet/.
18. ↑ Robinson, Cliff (23 April 2017). "Intel Atom C2000 C0 Stepping Fixing the AVR54 Bug". Serve the Home. https://www.servethehome.com/intel-atom-c2000-c0-stepping-fixing-the-avr54-bug/.
19. ↑ "Intel Atom® Processor E3800 Specification Update". https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/specification-updates/atom-e3800-family-spec-update.pdf.
20. ↑ "Product Change Notification 116196 - 00". 2018-04-09. http://qdms.intel.com/dm/i.aspx/BF417A50-F5AE-4179-8393-08083292AC0D/PCN116196-00.pdf.
21. ↑ "Intel® Celeron® Processor J1900, N2807 & N2930 for Internet of Things Platforms Specification Update Addendum". https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/specification-updates/Celeron-J1900-N2807-N2930-IoT-SU-Addendum.pdf.
22. ↑ "Clock Signal Component Issue". https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/web/clock-signal.html#~faqs.
23. ↑ "N-series Intel® Pentium® Processors and Intel® Celeron® Processors Specification Update". https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/specification-updates/pentium-celeron-n-series-spec-update.pdf.
24. ↑ "Another Atom Bomb Intel Atom E3800 Bay Trail VLI89 Bug". 2018-04-13. https://www.servethehome.com/another-atom-bomb-intel-e3800-bay-trail-atom-vli89-bug/.
25. ↑ "Intel® Atom™ Processor for Server". Ark.intel.com. http://ark.intel.com/products/family/71263/Intel-Atom-Processor-for-Server/server.
26. ↑ "Intel® Atom™ Processor for Communications". Ark.intel.com. http://ark.intel.com/products/family/71264/Intel-Atom-Processor-for-Communications/embedded.
27. ↑ "Products (Formerly Bay Trail)". Ark.intel.com. http://ark.intel.com/products/codename/55844/Bay-Trail.
28. ↑ "Intel® Atom™ Processor Z36xxx and Z37xxx Series: Datasheet, V.1". Intel.com. http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/processors/atom/atom-z36xxx-z37xxx-datasheet-vol-1.html.
29. ↑ Sodani, Avinash, Knights Landing (KNL): 2nd Generation Intel® Xeon Phi™ Processor, Intel, p. 5, http://www.hotchips.org/wp-content/uploads/hc_archives/hc27/HC27.25-Tuesday-Epub/HC27.25.70-Processors-Epub/HC27.25.710-Knights-Landing-Sodani-Intel.pdf
30. ↑ Smith, Ryan (26 June 2014), "Intel's "Knights Landing" Xeon Phi Coprocessor Detailed", www.anadtech.com, http://www.anandtech.com/show/8217/intels-knights-landing-coprocessor-detailed
31. ↑ "Spreadtrum launches 14nm 8-core 64-bit mid- and high-end LTE SoC platform (press release)". 2017-02-27. http://www.spreadtrum.com/en/show_news.html?id=fe766282-e9cc-4ffd-b211-e3d19675d3f7.
32. ↑ "Spreadtrum Launches Complete Lines of High-Performance LTE SoC Platforms for the Global Mainstream Consumer Market (press release)" (in en). 2017-08-15. https://www.prnewswire.com/in/news-releases/spreadtrum-launches-complete-lines-of-high-performance-lte-soc-platforms-for-the-global-mainstream-consumer-market-300504294.html.

* v
* t
* e

Intel processors

Discontinued

BCD oriented (4-bit)|

* 4004 (1971)
* 4040 (1974)

pre-x86 (8-bit)|

* 8008 (1972)
* 8080 (1974)
* 8085 (1977)

Early x86 (16-bit)|

* 8086 (1978)
* 8088 (1979)
* 80186 (1982)
* 80188 (1982)
* 80286 (1982)

x87 (external FPUs)|

8/16-bit databus
8087 (1980)
16-bit databus
80187
80287
80387SX
32-bit databus
80387DX
80487

IA-32 (32-bit)|

* 80386
* SX
* 376
* EX
* 80486
* SX
* DX2
* DX4
* SL
* RapidCAD
* OverDrive
* A100/A110
* Celeron (1998)
* M
* D (2004)
* Pentium
* Original P5
* OverDrive
* Pro
* II
* II OverDrive
* III
* 4
* M
* Dual-Core
* some Core
* Solo
* Duo
* Tolapai

x86-64 (64-bit)|

* Celeron
* D
* Dual-Core
* Pentium
* 4
* D
* Extreme Edition
* Dual-Core
* some Core
* 2
* some i7

Other|

CISC
iAPX 432
Itanium
RISC
i860
i960
StrongARM
XScale

Current

IA-32 (32-bit)|

* Atom
* CE
* SoC
* Quark

x86-64 (64-bit)|

* Atom
* CE
* SoC
* Celeron
* Pentium
* Core
* i3
* i5
* i7
* i9
* M
* Xeon
* E3
* E5
* E7
* D
* Phi

Lists

* Celeron
* Pentium
* Pro
* II
* III
* 4
* D
* M
* Core
* Core
* 2
* i3
* i5
* i7
* i9
* M
* Atom
* Xeon
* Itanium

Related

* Tick–tock model
* Chipsets
* GPUs
* GMA
* HD and Iris Graphics
* PCHs
* SCHs
* ICHs
* PIIXs
* Stratix
* Codenames

Microarchitectures

x86|

| P5|

800 nm

600 nm
P54C
350 nm
P54CS
P55C
250 nm
Tillamook

|

P6, Pentium M,
Enhanced Pentium M|

500 nm

350 nm

Klamath
250 nm
Mendocino
Dixon
Tonga
Covington
Deschutes
Katmai
Drake
Tanner
180 nm
Coppermine
Coppermine T
Timna
Cascades
130 nm
Tualatin
Banias
90 nm
Dothan
Stealey
Tolapai
Canmore
65 nm
Yonah
Sossaman

NetBurst|

180 nm
Willamette
Foster
130 nm
Northwood
Gallatin
Prestonia
90 nm
Tejas and Jayhawk
Prescott
Smithfield
Nocona
Irwindale
Cranford
Potomac
Paxville
65 nm
Cedar Mill
Presler
Dempsey
Tulsa

Core|

65 nm
Merom-L
Merom
Conroe-L
Allendale
Conroe
Kentsfield
Woodcrest
Clovertown
Tigerton

45 nm
Penryn
Penryn-QC
Wolfdale
Yorkfield
Wolfdale-DP
Harpertown
Dunnington

Nehalem|

45 nm
Auburndale
Beckton (Nehalem-EX)
Bloomfield
Clarksfield
Gainestown (Nehalem-EP)
Havendale
Jasper Forest
Lynnfield

32 nm
Arrandale
Clarkdale
Gulftown (Westmere-EP)
Westmere-EX

Sandy Bridge|

32 nm
Sandy Bridge
Sandy Bridge-E
Gladden

22 nm
Ivy Bridge
Ivy Bridge-EP
Ivy Bridge-EX

Haswell|

22 nm
Haswell

14 nm
Broadwell

Skylake|

14 nm
Skylake
Kaby Lake (Amber Lake • Whiskey Lake)
Coffee Lake
Cascade Lake
Comet Lake

Palm Cove|

10 nm
Cannon Lake

Sunny Cove|

14 nm
Cooper Lake

10 nm
Ice Lake

Willow Cove|

14 nm
Rocket Lake

10 nm
Tiger Lake
Sapphire Rapids

Golden Cove|

7 nm
Alder Lake
Granite Rapids

Atom|

| Bonnell
Saltwell|

45 nm
Silverthorne
Diamondville
Pineview
Lincroft
Tunnel Creek
Stellarton
Sodaville
Groveland

32 nm
Cedarview
Penwell
Cloverview
Berryville
Centerton

|

Silvermont
Airmont|

22 nm
Valleyview
Tangier
Anniedale

14 nm
Cherryview

Goldmont|

14 nm
Goldmont
Goldmont Plus

Tremont|

10 nm
Tremont
Gracemont

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