Sparta (rocket)

Sparta

Function| Sounding rocket
Launch system
Manufacturer| ABMA/Chrysler
Country of origin| United States
Size
Height| 21.8 metres (72 ft)
Diameter| 1.78 metres (5 ft 10 in)
Mass| 30,000 kilograms (66,000 lb)
Stages| 3
Capacity
Payload to LEO| 45 kilograms (99 lb)
Associated rockets
Family| Redstone
Comparable| Jupiter-C
Juno I
Launch history
Status| Retired
Launch sites| Woomera Test Range LA-8
Total launches| 10
Successes| 9
Failures| 1
First flight| 28 November 1966
Last flight| 29 November 1967
Notable payloads| Re-entry vehicles, WRESAT
First stage – Redstone
Engines| 1 A-7
Thrust| 416 kilonewtons (94,000 lbf)
Specific impulse| 265 sec
Burn time| 155 seconds
Fuel| LOX/Ethanol
Second stage – Antares-2
Engines| 1 X-259
Thrust| 93 kilonewtons (21,000 lbf)
Specific impulse| 293 sec
Burn time| 36 seconds
Fuel| Solid
Third stage – BE-3
Engines| 1 solid
Thrust| 34
Burn time| 9 seconds
Fuel| Solid

The Sparta (or Redstone Sparta) was a three-stage rocket that launched Australia first Earth satellite, WRESAT, on 29 November 1967.[1][2][3]

Sparta used surplus American Redstone rockets as its first stage, a Thiokol Antares-2 as a second stage, and a WRE BE-3 Alcyone solid-propellant engine as a third stage.[2][3]

A first stage was recovered from the Simpson Desert in 1990 after being found in searches by explorer Dick Smith the previous year.[4]: 76–80

* Redstone-Sparta on pad at Woomera

* Redstone-Sparta on pad at Woomera

* Redstone-Sparta missile CC-2029 carrying the Australian WRESAT satellite

## Launches

Several Spartas were launched between 1966 and 1967 from Woomera Test Range LA8 in Woomera, South Australia as part of a joint United States-United Kingdom-Australian research program aimed at understanding re-entry phenomena, and the US donated a spare for the scientific satellite launch into polar orbit.[5][2][3]

The first launch was a failure, while the rest were successful.[3]

Sparta launches[2][3] Date  | Mission Description  | Nation  | Agency  | Apogee (km)

|
|
|
|

1966 Nov 28  | Sparta SV-1 re-entry vehicle test flight  | United States | US Army  | 90
1966 Dec 13  | Sparta SV-2 re-entry vehicle test flight  | US  | US Army  | 90
1967 Apr 20  | Sparta SV-3 re-entry vehicle test flight  | US  | US Army  | 90
1967 Jul 4  | Sparta SV-4 re-entry vehicle test flight  | US  | US Army  | 90
1967 Jul 24  | Sparta SV-5 re-entry vehicle test flight  | US  | US Army  | 90
1967 Aug 17  | Sparta SV-6 re-entry vehicle test flight  | US  | US Army  | 90
1967 Sep 15  | Sparta SV-7 re-entry vehicle test flight  | US  | US Army  | 91
1967 Oct 11  | Sparta SV-8 re-entry vehicle test flight  | US  | US Army  | 137
1967 Oct 31  | Sparta SV-9 re-entry vehicle test flight  | US  | US Army  | 111
1967 Nov 29  | WRESAT | Australia | WRE  | 1252

## References

1. ↑ Wade, Mark. "Redstone". http://astronautix.com/r/redstone.html.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Wade, Mark. "SPARTA". http://www.astronautix.com/s/sparta.html.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Krebs, Gunter D.. "Redstone with solid fuel upper stage" (in en). https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/redstone_sd.htm.
4. ↑ Dougherty, Kerrie. "Retrieving Woomera's heritage: recovering lost examples of the material culture of Australian space activities". Artefacts: Studies in the History of Science and Technology 6: pp. 80. https://www.artefactsconsortium.org/Publications/PDFfiles/Vol6Space/6.04.Space-Dougherty,Woomera75ppiWEBF.pdf.
5. ↑ LePage, Andrew J. (May 2, 2011). "Old Reliable: The story of the Redstone". https://www.thespacereview.com/article/1836/1.

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