Synthetically thinned aperture radar

Synthetic thinned aperture radiometry (STAR) is a method of radar in which the coherent product (correlation) of the signal from pairs of antennas is measured at different antenna-pair spacings (baselines).[1] These products yield sample points in the Fourier transform of the brightness temperature map of the scene, and the scene itself is reconstructed by inverting the sampled transform.[2] The reconstructed image includes all of the pixels in the entire field-of-view of the antennas. The main advantage of the STAR architecture is that it requires no mechanical scanning of an antenna. Using a static antenna simplifies the antenna system dynamics and improves the time-bandwidth product of the radiometer. Furthermore, aperture thinning reduces the overall volume and mass of the antenna system. A disadvantage is the reduction of radiometric sensitivity (or increase in rms noise) of the image due to a decrease in signal-to-noise ratio for each measurement compared to a filled aperture. Pixel averaging is required for good radiometric sensitivity.

## See also

* Beamforming
* Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS), an example of a spaceborne STAR
* Synthetic aperture radar

## References

1. ↑ Piepmeier, J.R.; Pellerano, F.A.; Synthetic Thinned Aperture Radiometry (STAR) Technologies Enabling 10-km Soil Moisture Remote Sensing from Space, Proc. NASA Earth Science Technology Conference, (College Park, MD), 2002.
2. ↑ D. M. Le Vine, Synthetic aperture radiometer systems, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 2228-2236, 1999.

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