Trimotor

Short description: Aircraft powered by three piston engines

Nearly 5,000 Junkers Ju 52/3m were built, the most of any trimotor

A trimotor is a propeller-driven aircraft powered by three internal combustion engines, characteristically one on the nose and one on each wing. A compromise between complexity and safety, such a configuration was typically a result of the limited power of the engines available to the designer. Many trimotors were designed and built in the 1920s and 1930s as the most effective means of maximizing payload.

Other - and uncommon - configurations include engines above the wing, as on seaplanes, including in pusher configuration, and an engine on each wing and one on the tail.

The best known trimotors are the Fokker F, Ford AT, and Junkers Ju series aircraft.

## Contents

* 1 Gallery
* 2 List of trimotors
* 3 See also
* 4 References

## Gallery

* Ford Trimotor, a pioneering all-metal triplane

* Fokker F.VIIb/3m landing in Brisbane in 1928 after making first crossing of the Pacific

* Imperial Airways Armstrong Whitworth A.W. 154 Argosy

* Only three Avia 51 were produced

* Britten-Norman Trislander

* Stinson Model A

* Savoia Marchetti S.M.79 in formation during WW2

* Rohrbach Romar under construction

* Northrop YC-125 Raider

* Loire 70 amphibian

* de Havilland Australia DHA-3 Drover

* WW1 Caproni Ca.3 trimotor

## List of trimotors

Aircraft name | Country of origin | Year Developed

|
|

AD Seaplane Type 1000 | UK | 1916
Airspeed Ferry | UK | 1932
Airworthy Terrier[1] | US | 1928
Anatra DE | Russia | 1916
ANF Les Mureaux 140T | France | 1932
Armstrong Whitworth Argosy | UK | 1926
Avia 51 | Czechoslovakia | 1933
Avia 57 | Czechoslovakia | 1935
Aviméta 132 | France | 1927
Avis BGV-1[2] | Austria | 1924
Avro 618 Ten | UK | 1929
Avro 619 Five | UK | 1929
Avro 624 Six | UK | 1930
Bach 3-CT Air Yacht | US | 1927
Barcala-Cierva-Díaz BCD.3[3] | Spain | 1919
Batson Air Yacht/Dragonfly[4] | US | 1913
Beardmore Inflexible | UK | 1928
Beechcraft Model 18 Tiara engine testbed | US | 1966
Bellanca 28-92 | US | 1937
Bernard 60 | France | 1929
Bernard 160 | France | 1932
Bernard SIMB AB 16 | France | 1927
Besson MB.36 | France | 1930
Blackburn Iris | UK | 1926
Blackburn Perth | UK | 1933
Blackburn Sydney | UK | 1930
Bloch MB.60[5][6] | France | 1930
Bloch MB.120 | France | 1932
Bloch MB.300 | France | 1935
Blohm & Voss BV 138 | Germany | 1937
Boeing Model 80 | US | 1928
Boulton Paul P.32 | UK | 1931
Bratu 220 | Romania | 1932
Breda A.14 | Italy | 1928
Breda Ba.32 | Italy | 1931
Breda Ba.46 | Italy | 1934
Breda CC.20 | Italy | 1929
Breguet XI[7] | France | 1916
Breguet 393T | France | 1931
Breguet 521 | France | 1933
Bresciani Bre.1[8] | Italy | 1915
Britten-Norman Trislander | UK | 1970
Brown-Mercury[9] | US | 1928
CANT 6 | Italy | 1925
CANT 22 | Italy | 1927
CANT 23[10] | Italy | 1932
CANT Z.506 | Italy | 1935
CANT Z.508 | Italy | 1936
CANT Z.509 | Italy | 1937
CANT Z.1007 | Italy | 1937
CANT Z.1012 | Italy | 1938
Caproni Ca.1 | Italy | 1914
Caproni Ca.3 | Italy | 1916
Caproni Ca.4 | Italy | 1917
Caproni Ca.5 | Italy | 1917
Caproni Ca.95 | Italy | 1929?
Caproni Ca.97 | Italy | 1927
Caproni Ca.101 | Italy | 1928
Caproni Ca.131 | Italy | 1934
Caproni Ca.132 | Italy | 1934
Caproni Ca.133 | Italy | 1934
Caudron C.25 | France | 1919
Caudron C.37[11] | France | 1920
Caudron C.39[12] | France | 1921
Caudron C.61 | France | 1921
Caudron C.81[13] | France | 1923
Caudron C.180[14] | France | 1930
Caudron C.183[15] | France | 1923
Charpentier C-1[16] | France | 1935
CNA Delta[17] | Italy | 1931
CNNA HL-8 | Brazil | 1943
Conroy Tri-Turbo-Three | US | 1969
Consolidated XPY-1 (prototype only) | US | 1929
Consolidated XP2Y-1 (prototype only) | US | 1932
Couzinet 10[18] | France | 1928
Couzinet 21[19] | France | 1931
Couzinet 22[20] | France | 1932
Couzinet 27[21] | France | 1928
Couzinet 30 | France | 1930[22]
Couzinet 33 Biarritz | France | 1931[23]
Couzinet 40 | France | 1932[24]
Couzinet 70 | France | 1932[25]
Couzinet 100 | France | 1933[26]
Couzinet 101 | France | 1934[27]
Couzinet 103 | France | 1933[28]
Crawford Special | US | 1929[29]
Curtiss Eagle I | US | 1919
Curtiss Model H prototype only | US | 1914
Curtiss NC prototype only | US | 1918
DAR 4 | Bulgaria | 1930
Dewoitine D.31 | France | 1932
Dewoitine D.332 | France | 1933
Dewoitine D.333 | France | 1934
Dewoitine D.338 | France | 1936
Dewoitine D.342 | France | 1939
Dewoitine D.430 | France | 1932[30]
de Havilland DH.72 | UK | 1931
de Havilland Australia DHA-3 Drover | Australia | 1948
de Havilland Hercules | UK | 1926
Dornier Do 24 | Germany | 1937
Dornier Y | Germany | 1930
Dyle et Bacalan DB-70 | France | 1929
EMSCO B-2 | US | 1929[31]
Farman F.120 | France | 1926
Farman F.280 | France | 1931
Farman F.300 | France | 1930
Farman F.301 | France | 1930[32]
Farman F.303 | France | 1930[33]
Farman F.304 | France | 1931[34]
Farman F.306 | France | 1931[35]
Farman F.310 | France | 1931[36]
Felixstowe Porte Baby | UK | 1916
Fiat BRG | Italy | 1931
Fiat G.2 | Italy | 1932
Fiat G.12 | Italy | 1940
Fiat G.212 | Italy | 1947
Fokker F.10 | US | 1927
Fokker F.VIIA/3m & F.VIIB/3m | Netherlands | 1925
Fokker F.IX | Netherlands | 1929
Fokker F.XII | Netherlands | 1930
Fokker F.XVIII | Netherlands | 1932
Fokker F.XX | Netherlands | 1933
Ford 4-AT/9-AT/11-AT Trimotor | US | 1926
Ford 5-AT/6-AT Trimotor | US | 1929
Ford 14-AT | US | 1932
Ford XB-906 | US | 1931
Grahame-White Ganymede | UK | 1919
Handley Page Type W.8e/f & W.9a | UK | 1921
Handley Page H.P.32 Hamlet | UK | 1926
Handley Page H.P.43 | UK | 1932
Helmy Aerogypt | UK | 1939
Hise Model A | US | 1929[37]
Hodkinson HT-1 | US | 1929[38]
Johns Multiplane | US | 1919[39]
Junkers G 24 | Germany | 1924
Junkers G 31 | Germany | 1926
Junkers Ju 52/3m | Germany | 1932
Junkers Ju 252 | Germany | 1941
Junkers Ju 352 | Germany | 1943
Kawanishi H3K | Japan | 1930
Keystone Pathfinder | US | 1927
Keystone Patrician | US | 1929
Kreutzer Air Coach | US | 1928[40]
LWF model H Owl | US | 1920[41]
Lasco Lascondor | Australia | 1930
Latécoère 4 | France | 1920
Latécoère 5 | France | 1924
Latécoère 24 | France | 1927
Latécoère 340 | France | 1930
Latécoère 350 | France | 1931
Latécoère 500 & 501 | France | 1932
Latécoère 582 | France | 1935
Latham Trimotor | France | 1919[42]
Lawson L-4 | US | 1924[43]
Letov Š-32 | Czechoslovakia | 1931
Lioré et Olivier LeO H-15 | France | 1926[44]
Loire 30 | France | 1932
Loire 60 | France | 1932
Loire 70 | France | 1933
Loring-Barrón Colonial T-III Trimotor | Spain | 1932[45]
Macchi M.C.100 | Italy | 1939
Nieuport-Delage NiD.590 | France | 1932[46]
Nieuport-Delage NiD.740 | France | 1930[47]
Northrop N-23 Pioneer | US | 1946
Northrop C-125 Raider | US | 1949
NVI F.K.33 | Netherlands | 1925
Oeffag G6 aka Pola 'G' | Austria-Hungary | 1916[48]
Ogden Osprey | US | 1930[49]
P.Z.L. 27 | Poland | 1934
P.Z.L. 4 | Poland | 1932
Pander S-4 Postjäger | Netherlands | 1933
Piaggio P.16 | Italy | 1934
Piaggio P.23R | Italy | 1936
Piper PA-32-3M prototype | US | 1966
Potez X | France | 1922
Potez 40 | France | 1930[50]
Prudden TM-1 | US | 1928[51]
Prudden-Whitehead monoplane | US | 1930
Renard R.30 | Belgium | 1931
Renard R.35 | Belgium | 1935
Rohrbach Roland | Germany | 1926
Rohrbach Romar | Germany | 1928
Romano R-16 | France | 1933[52]
Ryan Navion one off modification | US | 1961 [citation needed]
SABCA S.11 | Belgium | 1931
Saunders Severn | UK | 1930
Saunders Valkyrie | UK | 1926
Saro Windhover | UK | 1930
Savoia-Marchetti S.66 | Italy | 1931
Savoia-Marchetti S.71 | Italy | 1930
Savoia-Marchetti S.72 | Italy | 1934
Savoia-Marchetti S.73 | Italy | 1934
Savoia-Marchetti SM.75 | Italy | 1937
Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 | Italy | 1934
Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 | Italy | 1934
Savoia-Marchetti SM.82 | Italy | 1939
Savoia-Marchetti SM.83 | Italy | 1937
Savoia-Marchetti SM.84 | Italy | 1940
Short S.8 Calcutta | UK | 1928
Short Rangoon | UK | 1930
Short Valetta | UK | 1930
Siemens-Schuckert R.I | Germany | 1915
Siemens-Schuckert R.II | Germany | 1915
Siemens-Schuckert R.III | Germany | 1915
Siemens-Schuckert R.IV | Germany | 1916
Siemens-Schuckert R.V | Germany | 1916
Siemens-Schuckert R.VI | Germany | 1916
Siemens-Schuckert R.VII | Germany | 1917
Sikorsky S-35 | US | 1926
SPCA 40T | France | 1929
SPCA 90 | France | 1932
SPCA Météore 63 | France | 1925
Spartan Cruiser | UK | 1932
Stinson Model A | US | 1934
Stinson Model T/SM-6000 | US | 1930
Stinson Model U | US | 1932
Stout 3-AT | US | 1926
Stout Bushmaster 2000 | US | 1964
Supermarine Air Yacht | UK | 1930
Supermarine Nanok/Solent | UK | 1927
Tellier 1100 ch/T7/Nieuport-Tellier TM | France | 1919[53]
Tupolev ANT-9 | USSR | 1929
Tupolev MTB-1 | USSR | 1934
Vickers Viastra | UK | 1929
Westland IV & Wessex | UK | 1930
Weymann 66 | France | 1933
Wibault 280 | France | 1930
Zenith Albatross | US | 1927[54]
Zeppelin-Lindau Rs.I | Germany | 1915
Zeppelin-Lindau Rs.II | Germany | 1916

## See also

* Trijet

## References

1. ↑ "American airplanes: Ab - Ak". aerofiles.com. http://www.aerofiles.com/_ab.html.
2. ↑ Krickl, Dr. Robert Die Flugzeuge der "Avis" Flugzeug- und Autowerke, Verlag Brüder Hollinek, 2012, ISBN 978-3-85119-329-9
3. ↑ "Cierva BCD3 (Barcala-Cierva-Diaz)". flyingmachines.ru. http://flyingmachines.ru/Site2/Crafts/Craft29132.htm.
4. ↑ "American airplanes: Ba - Bl". aerofiles.com. http://www.aerofiles.com/_ba.html.
5. ↑ "Panorama". Dassault-aviation.com. http://www.dassault-aviation.com/fr/passion/avions/panorama.html.
6. ↑ "Bloch MB-60". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/bloch-mb-60-aviation-france-9838.htm.
7. ↑ "Breguet XI 'Corsaire'". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/breguet-xi-corsaire--aviation-france-9907.htm.
8. ↑ "Bresciani". racine.ra.it. http://anmilugo.racine.ra.it/bresciani.htm.
9. ↑ "American airplanes: Bo - Bu". aerofiles.com. http://www.aerofiles.com/_bo.html.
10. ↑ "CRDA Cant.23". 1000aircraftphotos.com. http://1000aircraftphotos.com/Contributions/10052.htm.
11. ↑ "Caudron C.37". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/caudron-c-37-aviation-france-9451.htm.
12. ↑ "Caudron C.39". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/caudron-c-39-aviation-france-189.htm.
13. ↑ Bruno Parmentier. "Caudron C.81". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=4019&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=313&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF=.
14. ↑ "Caudron C.180". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/caudron-c-180-aviation-france-9682.htm.
15. ↑ "Caudron C.183". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/caudron-c-183-aviation-france-4020.htm.
16. ↑ "Charpentier C-1". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/charpentier-c-1-aviation-france-3288.htm.
17. ↑ Thompson, Jonathan W. (1963). Italian Civil and Military aircraft 1930-1945. USA: Aero Publishers Inc. ISBN 0-8168-6500-0. p 131
18. ↑ "Couzinet 10 'Arc en ciel'". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/couzinet-10-arc-en-ciel--aviation-france-9491.htm.
19. ↑ "Couzinet 21". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/couzinet-21-aviation-france-9498.htm.
20. ↑ "Couzinet 22". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/couzinet-22-aviation-france-9499.htm.
21. ↑ "Couzinet 27 'Arc en ciel'". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/couzinet-27-arc-en-ciel--aviation-france-9492.htm.
22. ↑ "Couzinet 30". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/couzinet-30-aviation-france-9500.htm.
23. ↑ "Couzinet 33 'Biarritz'". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/couzinet-33-biarritz--aviation-france-5929.htm.
24. ↑ "Couzinet 40". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/couzinet-40-aviation-france-9497.htm.
25. ↑ "Couzinet 70 'Arc en Ciel' III". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/couzinet-70-arc-en-ciel-iii-aviation-france-5930.htm.
26. ↑ "Couzinet 100". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/couzinet-100-aviation-france-9489.htm.
27. ↑ "Couzinet 101". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/couzinet-101-aviation-france-5928.htm.
28. ↑ "Couzinet 103". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/couzinet-103-aviation-france-9490.htm.
29. ↑ "American airplanes: Cl - Cr". aerofiles.com. http://www.aerofiles.com/_cl.html.
30. ↑ "Dewoitine D-430". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/dewoitine-d-430-aviation-france-9778.htm.
31. ↑ "American airplanes: Ea - Ew". aerofiles.com. http://www.aerofiles.com/_e.html.
32. ↑ "Farman F-301". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/farman-f-301-aviation-france-4549.htm.
33. ↑ "Farman F-303". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/farman-f-303-aviation-france-6476.htm.
34. ↑ "Farman F-304". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/farman-f-304-aviation-france-6478.htm.
35. ↑ "Farman F-306". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/farman-f-306-aviation-france-6480.htm.
36. ↑ "Farman F-310". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/farman-f-310-aviation-france-6481.htm.
37. ↑ Robert F. Pauley (2009). Michigan Aircraft Manufacturers. Arcadia Publishing. p. 66. ISBN 9780738552187. https://books.google.com/books?id=H35YzdyTpDcC&q=Hise+"Model+A"&pg=PA66. "Fred Hise, a Detroit industrialist, saw a market for a small, high-quality tri-motor for business use."
38. ↑ "American airplanes: Ha - Hu". aerofiles.com. http://www.aerofiles.com/_h.html.
39. ↑ "American airplanes: Ja - Ju". aerofiles.com. http://aerofiles.com/_j.html.
40. ↑ "American airplanes: Ka - Ku". aerofiles.com. http://www.aerofiles.com/_k.html.
41. ↑ "American airplanes: Lo - Lu". Aerofiles.com. 2008-08-15. http://aerofiles.com/_lo.html.
42. ↑ "Latham Trimoteur". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/latham-trimoteur-aviation-france-5322.htm.
43. ↑ "American airplanes: La - Li". aerofiles.com. http://www.aerofiles.com/_la.html.
44. ↑ "Lioré et Olivier LeO H-15". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/liore-et-olivier-leo-h-15-aviation-france-168.htm.
45. ↑ [1][|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
46. ↑ "Nieuport-Delage NiD-590". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/nieuport-delage-nid-590-aviation-france-559.htm.
47. ↑ "Nieuport-Delage NiD-740". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/nieuport-delage-nid-740-aviation-france-553.htm.
48. ↑ "Oeffag G 6". flyingmachines.ru. http://flyingmachines.ru/Site2/Crafts/Craft29891.htm.
49. ↑ "American airplanes: O". aerofiles.com. http://www.aerofiles.com/_o.html.
50. ↑ "Potez 40". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/potez-40-aviation-france-9990.htm.
51. ↑ "American airplanes: Pl - Qu". Aerofiles.com. 2008-04-17. http://aerofiles.com/_pl.html.
52. ↑ "Romano R-16". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/romano-r-16-aviation-france-9411.htm.
53. ↑ "Tellier 1100 ch Lorraine". aviafrance.com. http://www.aviafrance.com/tellier-1100-ch-lorraine-aviation-france-8269.htm.
54. ↑ "American airplanes: Y - Z". aerofiles.com. http://aerofiles.com/_yz.html#_z.

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