Waste treatment

Short description: Waste management strategy

Waste treatment refers to the activities required to ensure that waste has the least practicable impact on the environment. In many countries various forms of waste treatment are required by law. There are different categories of waste treatment such as solid, water, and radioactive waste treatment. These come from different practices such as agriculture, factories, and sewage. Within wastewater treatment there are different subcategories. These include agricultural, industrial, and sewage.

## Contents

* 1 Solid waste treatment
* 2 Wastewater treatment
* 2.1 Agricultural wastewater treatment
* 2.2 Industrial wastewater treatment
* 2.3 Sewage treatment
* 3 Radioactive waste treatment
* 4 References

## Solid waste treatment

Main article: Engineering:List of solid waste treatment technologies

The treatment of solid wastes is a key component of waste management. Different forms of solid waste treatment are graded in the waste hierarchy. The difference in waste management and waste treatment comes in the timing of them. Waste management is more focused on the approach of limiting waste initially and finding use for it. Waste treatment is more focused on the end of the waste's life. [1] A common method of solid waste treatment is using landfills. Landfills are natural or manmade pits where waste is stored. The areas used for landfills are carefully selected far from habitats to keep the waste from damaging them. [2] Another common practice of solid waste treatment is composting. Composting is a natural form of recycling decomposed waste. Composting can enrich soils and be very beneficial for agriculture. [2]

## Wastewater treatment

Wastewater treatment facility in La Crosse

### Agricultural wastewater treatment

Agricultural wastewater treatment is treatment and disposal of liquid animal waste, pesticide residues etc. from agriculture.[3] Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) are a large contributor to water contamination with animal waste.[4] A possible treatment to contaminated agricultural wastewater is extending rainwater drainage systems. Extending these systems allows room for water cleaning and collecting systems to be implemented. Another solution is reusing already treated wastewater from treatment plants. This diminishes any risk of the water being contaminated.[5]

### Industrial wastewater treatment

Industrial wastewater is contaminated water from industrial practices. This water can contain harmful materials like chemicals, metals, and bacteria.[6] Industrial wastewater treatment is the treatment of this water from factories, mines, power plants and other commercial facilities.[7] This is a major problem because 80% of the wastewater from industrial practices goes back into different ecosystems without being treated. This is unsustainable for our planet and is very harmful to different animals and their habitats. [8]

### Sewage treatment

Sewage treatment is the treatment and disposal of human waste. Sewage is produced by all human communities. Treatment in urbanized areas is typically handled by centralized treatment systems. Alternative systems may use composting processes or processes that separate solid materials by settlement and then convert soluble contaminants into biological sludge and into gases such as carbon dioxide or methane.[9]

## Radioactive waste treatment

Main article: Engineering:List of radioactive waste treatment technologies

Radioactive waste treatment is the treatment and containment of radioactive waste.

## References

1. ↑ "What are the key differences between waste disposal and waste management? | Simple But Needed". https://sbnsoftware.com/blog/what-are-the-key-differences-between-waste-disposal-and-waste-management/.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Garg, Manisha (2016-09-16). "Treatment of Solid Wastes: 2 Methods | Microbiology" (in en-US). https://www.biologydiscussion.com/microbiology-2/treatment-of-solid-wastes-2-methods-microbiology/55567.
3. ↑ Janczukowicz, Wojciech; Rodziewicz, Joanna (2024-03-15). "Water and Wastewater Management in Agriculture" (in en). Applied Sciences 14 (6): 2488. doi:10.3390/app14062488. ISSN 2076-3417.
4. ↑ Burkholder, JoAnn; Libra, Bob; Weyer, Peter; Heathcote, Susan; Kolpin, Dana; Thorne, Peter S.; Wichman, Michael (February 2007). "Impacts of Waste from Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations on Water Quality". Environmental Health Perspectives 115 (2): 308–312. doi:10.1289/ehp.8839. PMID 17384784. Bibcode: 2007EnvHP.115..308B.
5. ↑ Janczukowicz, Wojciech; Rodziewicz, Joanna (2024-03-15). "Water and Wastewater Management in Agriculture" (in en). Applied Sciences 14 (6): 2488. doi:10.3390/app14062488. ISSN 2076-3417.
6. ↑ Shapiroe.com (2025-09-23). "Industrial Wastewater Treatment for Increased Sustainability" (in en-US). https://shapiroe.com/blog/treatment-of-industrial-waste-water/.
7. ↑ Water Environment Federation (2020). Industrial Wastewater Management, Treatment & Disposal; Manual of Practice FD-3 (3rd ed.). Alexandria, VA: Water Environment Federation. ISBN 978-1-57278-369-0.
8. ↑ "UN-Water | Coordinating the UN's work on water and sanitation" (in en). https://www.unwater.org/.
9. ↑ Tchobanoglous, George; Burton, Franklin Louis; Stensel, H. David; Tsuchihashi, Ryujiro; Metcalf & Eddy / AECOM (2014). Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Resource Recovery. 1 (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-340118-8.

* v
* t
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Biosolids, waste, and waste management

Major types|

* Agricultural wastewater
* Biodegradable waste
* Biomedical waste
* Brown waste
* Chemical waste
* Construction waste
* Demolition waste
* Electronic waste
* by country
* Food waste
* Green waste
* Hazardous waste
* Heat waste
* Industrial waste
* Litter
* Marine debris
* Mining waste
* Municipal solid waste
* Open defecation
* Packaging waste
* Post-consumer waste
* Radioactive waste
* Scrap metal
* Sewage
* Sharps waste
* Toxic waste
* Wastewater

Processes|

* Anaerobic digestion
* Biodegradation
* Composting
* Garden waste dumping
* Illegal dumping
* Incineration
* Landfill
* Landfill mining
* Mechanical biological treatment
* Mechanical sorting
* Open dump
* Photodegradation
* Recycling
* Resource recovery
* Sewage treatment
* Waste collection
* Waste picking
* Waste sorting
* Waste trade
* Waste treatment
* Waste-to-energy

Countries|

* Armenia
* Australia
* Bangladesh
* Brazil
* Hong Kong
* India
* Kazakhstan
* New Zealand
* Russia
* South Korea
* Switzerland
* Taiwan
* Thailand
* Turkey
* UK
* US

Agreements|

* Bamako Convention
* Basel Convention
* EU directives
* batteries
* framework
* incineration
* landfills
* RoHS
* vehicles
* waste water
* WEEE
* London Convention
* Oslo Convention
* OSPAR Convention

Other topics|

* Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future
* Cleaner production
* Downcycling
* Eco-industrial park
* Extended producer responsibility
* High-level radioactive waste management
* History of waste management
* Landfill fire
* Sewage regulation and administration
* Upcycling
* Waste hierarchy
* Waste legislation
* Waste minimisation
* Zero waste

*   * Category: Waste
* Concepts
* Index
* Journals
* Lists
* Organizations

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