Xanadu Gun

Short description: Oldest extant gun

Shangdu huochong, 1298.

The oldest extant gun bearing a date of production is the Xanadu Gun, so called because it was discovered in the ruins of Xanadu (Shangdu), the summer palace of the Yuan dynasty in Inner Mongolia, China . The Xanadu Gun is 34.7 cm (13.7 in) in length and weighs 6.21 kg (13.7 lb), its muzzle is flared outwards, slightly bowl-shape, and called by Chinese as 碗口铳 (Wǎn kǒu chòng).[1] Its dating is based on archaeological context and a straightforward inscription containing an era name and year that correspond with the Gregorian Calendar at 1298. Not only does the inscription contain the era name and date, it also includes a serial number and manufacturing information which suggests that gun production had already become systematized, or at least become a somewhat standardized affair by the time of its fabrication. The design of the gun includes axial holes in its rear which some speculate could have been used in a mounting mechanism. Like most early guns with the possible exception of the Western Xia gun (the Wuwei bronze cannon), it is small, weighing just over 6 kg (13 lb) and 35 cm (14 in) in length.[2] Although the Xanadu Gun is the most precisely dated gun from the 13th century, other extant samples with approximate dating may be older.

## See also

* Gunpowder weapons in the Song dynasty
* Military of the Yuan dynasty
* Wuwei Bronze Cannon, late Western Xia (1214–1227).
* Heilongjiang hand cannon, circa 1287–1288.
* Huo Chong, Chinese term for hand cannon.
* Hu Dun Pao, a term refers to cannon and trebuchet.

## References

1. ↑ "The World's Earliest Cannon (世界上最早的火炮)" (in zh). http://www.erdsi.net/sjszzdhp.html.
2. ↑ Andrade 2016, p. 52-53.

## Bibliography

* Andrade, Tonio (2016), The gunpowder age: China, military innovation, and the rise of the west in world history, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-13597-7 .

* v
* t
* e

Types of Chinese weaponry

Short swords|

* Dadao 大刀
* Dao 刀
* Hudie shuangdao (butterfly sword) 蝴蝶雙刀
* Jian 劍
* Liuyedao 柳葉刀
* Niuweidao 牛尾刀
* Piandao 片刀
* Yanmaodao 雁毛刀

Long swords|

* Changdao 長刀
* Miaodao 苗刀
* Wodao 倭刀
* Zhanmadao 斬馬刀

Polearms|

* Guandao 關刀
* Ge (dagger-axe) 戈
* Gun 棍
* Ji 戟
* Podao 朴刀
* Qiang 槍
* Hongyingqiang 紅纓槍
* Tang 镗
* Yueya chan (monk's spade) 月牙鏟

Roped/chained|

* Liuxing Chui (meteor hammer) 流星錘
* Sheng biao (rope dart) 繩鏢
* Jiujie bian (nine section whip) 九節鞭
* Sanjie gun 三節棍
* Chang xiao bang 長小棒

Projectile|

* Nu 弩
* Zhuge nu 諸葛弩
* Huoqiang 火槍
* Tu Huo Qiang 突火槍
* Huochong 火銃
* Shouchong 手銃
* San yan chong 三眼銃
* Che Dian Chong 掣電銃
* Xun Lei Chong 迅雷銃

Handheld|

* Chúi 錘
* Emeici 峨嵋刺
* Jiǎn 鐧
* Lujiao dao (deer horn knives) 鹿角刀
* Hook sword 鉤
* Ji lian 鷄鐮
* Fenghuo lun 風火輪

Major lists|

* Eighteen Arms of Wushu

* v
* t
* e

Early firearms and thermal weapons

* History of the firearm
* History of gunpowder
* Timeline of the Gunpowder Age

Firearms|

* Albanian muskets
* Arquebus
* Bajōzutsu
* Belton flintlock
* Blunderbuss (Dragon)
* Breechloader
* Cookson repeater
* Combination gun
* Doglock
* Dragon
* Fire lance
* Flintlock and flintlock mechanism
* Hand cannon
* Hand mortar
* Heilongjiang hand cannon
* Howdah pistol
* Huochong
* Huolongjing
* Istinggar
* Java arquebus
* Jingal
* Kalthoff repeater
* Matchlock
* Miniature meriam kecil
* Miquelet lock
* Muzzleloader
* Percussion rifle
* Petronel
* Nock gun
* Snap matchlock
* Snaphance
* Snaplock
* Tanegashima
* Toradar
* Tu Huo Qiang
* Wheellock

Muskets|

* Brown Bess
* Charleville musket
* Culverin
* Jazāyer
* Jezail
* Kabyle musket
* Model 1795 Musket
* Model 1816 Musket
* Model 1822 Musket
* Musket Model 1777
* Musketoon
* Rifled musket
* Potzdam Musket 1723
* Springfield Model 1812 Musket
* Springfield musket
* M1752 Musket
* Wall gun

Early artillery|

* Abus gun
* Artillery of France in the Middle Ages
* Basilisk
* Bâton à feu
* Bombard
* Breech-loading swivel gun
* Cetbang
* Chongtong
* Culverin
* Ekor lotong
* Falconet
* Fauconneau
* Gunpowder artillery in the Middle Ages
* Gunpowder artillery in the Song dynasty
* Hongyipo
* Hu dun pao
* Korean cannon
* Lantaka
* Lela
* Pierrier à boîte
* Pot-de-fer
* Ribauldequin
* Swivel gun
* Veuglaire

Medieval large-calibre guns|

* Dulle Griet
* Faule Grete
* Faule Mette
* Grose Bochse
* Mons Meg
* Pumhart von Steyr

Early rockets and incendiaries|

* Bo-hiya
* Congreve rocket
* Fire arrow
* Greek fire
* Huo Che
* Huolongjing
* Hwacha
* Mysorean rockets
* Singijeon

* Category:Early firearms
* Category:Early modern firearms

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanadu Gun. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Engineering:Xanadu_Gun&oldid=189968"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template