Fogging (censorship)

Short description: Censored blurring used in photos & film

Photograph in which people's faces have been fogged or blurred out.

Fogging, also known as blurring, is used for censorship or privacy. A visual area of a picture or movie is blurred to obscure it from sight. This form of censorship is used for sexually related images/scenes, hiding genitals, pubic hair, or sexual penetration of any sort. Pixelization is a form of fogging. In Japan , where it is called bokashi, fogging is employed on most films aired on public television that feature adult content of any kind.[1]

This form of editing also appears in television programs where an individual's face may not be shown due to legal or privacy concerns. As it does not contrast with the surrounding image very much, it is arguably preferable over most other forms of censorship.[citation needed] However, unlike other forms of visual censoring, it does not allow the preservation of any information about the original stimulus.[2] Fogging is also used if a scene is too bloody and gruesome to be rendered even in black and white, as well as on vehicle license plates (to protect the identity of a vehicle's owner), and over branded items and specific company names.

## References

1. ↑ da Silva, Joaquin (2014-03-18). "Obscenity and Article 175 of the Japanese Penal Code: A Short Introduction to Japanese Censorship". http://eiga9.altervista.org/articulos/obscenity.html.
2. ↑ Besançon, Lonni; Semmo, Amir; Biau, David; Frachet, Bruno; Pineau, Virginie; Sariali, El Hadi; Soubeyrand, Marc; Taouachi, Rabah et al. (2019). "Reducing Affective Responses to Surgical Images, comics, adult content, and Videos Through Stylization". Computer Graphics Forum 39 (1): 462–483. doi:10.1111/cgf.13886. ISSN 0167-7055.

* Weisser, Thomas; Yuko Mihara Weisser (1998). Japanese Cinema Encyclopedia: The Sex Films. Miami: Vital Books: Asian Cult Cinema Publications. pp. 21–66. ISBN 1-889288-52-7.

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