List of states during Late Antiquity

Short description: none

Late Antiquity is a historiographical term for the historical period from c. 200 AD to c. 700 AD, which marks the transition from Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages. Precise boundaries for the period are a matter of debate, but historian Peter Brown proposed a period between the 2nd and 8th centuries. While generally, it can be thought of as from the end of the Roman Empire's Crisis of the Third Century (c. 235–284) to the re-organization of the Eastern Roman Empire under Heraclius and the Muslim conquests in the mid-7th century,[citation needed] for the purposes of this page it will be considered the period 200 to 700 AD.

This list's the main types state that existed in Africa, Americas, Central Asia, East Asia, Europe, Eurasian Steppe, South Asia, and West Asia.

## Political entities

Map of the Old World in 477 AD

Location | Name | Capital(s) | State type | Existed

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Africa: Central | Sao civilisation | Various | Tribal city states | 6th century BC – 16th century AD
Africa: North | Garamantes | Garama | Tribal Confederation/Empire | 500 BC – 700 AD
Africa: North; Asia: West; Europe: West | Umayyad Caliphate | Dammascus, Harran | Empire | 661–750 AD
Africa: North, Europe: South | Vandal Kingdom | Carthage | Kingdom | 435–534 AD
Africa: Northeast | Kingdom of Aksum | Aksum | Kingdom | c.100 – c.940 AD
Africa: Northeast | Alodia | Soba | Empire | 680–1504 AD
Africa: Northeast | Blemmyes |  | Tribal Kingdom | 600 BC – 8th century AD
Africa: Northeast | Kush | Kerma; Napata; Meroe | Kingdom | 1070 BC – 350 AD
Africa: Northeast | Makuria | Dongola | Kingdom | 340–1312 AD
Africa: Northeast | Nobatia | Pachoras | Kingdom | 350–650 AD
Africa: Northwest | Gaetulia |  | Tribal confederation | c. 350 BC – 550 AD
Africa: Northwest | Garmul | Altava | Kingdom | 530–578 AD
Africa: Northwest | Mauretania | Julia Caesara | Kingdom/Client Kingdom | 285 BC – 431 AD
Africa: West | Ghana Empire | Koumbi Saleh | Empire | c. 400 – 1235 AD
Africa: West | Nok culture | Various | Tribal Chiefdoms/Kingdom | 1000 BC – 300 AD
Americas: Central | Maya | Various | Kingdom City States | 2000 BC – 900AD
Americas: Central | Zapotec | Various | Kingdom City States | 700 BC – 1521 AD
Americas: North | Pueblo | Various | Tribal chiefdom's | 12th century BC – 14th century AD
Americas: North | Teotihuacan Empire | Teotihuacan | Empire | 100 BC – 8th century AD
Americas: South | Cañari | Tumebamba | Tribal Confederacy | 500–1533 AD
Americas: South | Moche | Moche-Trujillo. | United Independent Polities | 100–800 AD
Americas: South | Nazca | Various | Tribal chiefdom's | 100 BC – 800 AD
Americas: South | Tiwanaku empire | Tiwanaku | Empire | 300–1000 AD
Americas: South | Wari Empire | Huari | Empire | 500–1100 AD
Europe: Balkans | Avar Khaganate |  | Khaganate | 567–804 AD
Europe: Balkans | Basternae | Various | Tribal Confederation | 200 BC – 300AD
Europe: Balkans, Asia: West; Africa: Northeast | Byzantine Empire | Constantinople | Empire | 395–1453 AD
Europe: Balkans | First Bulgarian Empire | Pliska (681–893), Preslav (893–968/972), Skopje, Ohrid, Bitola (until 1018) | Empire | 681–1018 AD
Europe: Balkans | Gepids | Sirmium | Kingdom | 454–567 AD
Europe: Balkans | Getae |  | Tribal Kingdom | 7th century BC – 4th century AD
Europe: Balkans | Narentines |  | Tribal chiefdom/countship/dukedom | 6th–10th centuries AD
Europe: Balkans | Paeonia |  | Principality/Kingdom/Client | 535 BC – 681 AD
Europe: Balkans | Principality of Serbia |  | Principality | 7th–10th centuries
Europe: British Isles | Ailech | Grianán Ailigh | Kingdom | 450–1283 AD
Europe: British Isles | Airgíalla | Clogher | Tribal Federation/Kingdom | 331–1590 AD
Europe: British Isles | Bernicia | Bamburgh | Kingdom | 420–634 AD
Europe: British Isles | Kingdom of Breifne | Croghan | Kingdom | 700–1256 AD
Europe: British Isles | Brycheiniog | Talgarth | Kingdom | 450–1045 AD
Europe: British Isles | Cai |  | Tribal kingdom | 25–871 AD
Europe: British Isles | Ce |  | Tribal kingdom | 1st century – 900 AD
Europe: British Isles | Ceredigion |  | Kingdom | 475–680 AD
Europe: British Isles | Connacht |  | Tribal chiefdom/kingdom | c. 10th century BC – 1474 AD
Europe: British Isles | Cornovii |  | Tribal kingdom | 4th century BC – 343 AD
Europe: British Isles | Dál Riata | Dunadd | Kingdom | 501–878 AD
Europe: British Isles | Deira | York | Kingdom | 559–664 AD
Europe: British Isles | Dumnonia | Isca Dumnoniorum | Dukedom/principality | 290–875 AD
Europe: British Isles | Dyfed |  | Kingdom | 410–910 AD
Europe: British Isles | Kingdom of East Anglia | Rendlesham, Dommoc | Kingdom | 6th C – 918 AD
Europe: British Isles | Fortriu |  | Tribal kingdom | 1–850 AD
Europe: British Isles | Glywysing | Cardiff | Kingdom | 490–1063 AD
Europe: British Isles | Gododdin |  | Kingdom | 5th–8th century AD
Europe: British Isles | Gwent | Caerwent, Porth-is-Coed | Kingdom | 420–1081 AD
Europe: British Isles | Gwynedd | Various | Kingdom | 420–1261 AD
Europe: British Isles | Haestingas | Hastings | Tribal kingdom | 6th century – 771 AD
Europe: British Isles | Iverni | Ivernis | Tribal federated chiefdom's | 500 BC – 400 AD
Europe: British Isles | Kent | Durovernum | Kingdom | 455–871 AD
Europe: British Isles | Leinster |  | Kingdom | 436–1632 AD
Europe: British Isles | Lindsey | Lindum | Kingdom/Client | 410–775 AD
Europe: British Isles | Meath | Dublin | Kingdom | 1st century – 1173 AD
Europe: British Isles | Mercia | Tamworth | Kingdom | 527 – 918 AD
Europe: British Isles | Kingdom of Northumbria | Bamburgh | Kingdom | 653–954 AD
Europe: British Isles | Osraige | Kilkenny | Kingdom | 150–1185 AD
Europe: British Isles | Pictland |  | Kingdom | 250 BC – 850 AD[1]
Europe: British Isles | Powys | Various | Kingdom | 488–1160 AD
Europe: British Isles | Rheged |  | Kingdom | 550–650 AD
Europe: British Isles | Strathclyde | Dumbarton, Govan | Kingdom | 450–1093 AD
Europe: British Isles | Sussex | Selsey | Kingdom | 477–860 AD
Europe: British Isles | Tyrconnell | Dun na nGall | Kingdom | 464–1607 AD
Europe: British Isles | Uí Failghe | Rathangan, Daingean | Kingdom | 507–1550 AD
Europe: British Isles | Ulster |  | Kingdom | 465–1177 AD
Europe: British Isles | Wessex | Winchester | Kingdom | 519–1018 AD
Europe: East; Asia, Central | Barsils |  | Tribal union | 600–700 AD
Europe: East | Bulgars | Balkh/Phanagoria | Tribal confederation | c. 5th century – 7th century AD
Europe: East | Cimmerian Bosporus | Panticapaeum | Kingdom/Client | 480 BC – 370 AD
Europe: East | Gelonia | Gelonos | Tribal kingdom | 5th century BC – 5th century AD
Europe: East, West, Central, Balkans | Hunnic Empire |  | Tribal Empire | 370s–469 AD
Europe: East; Asia: Central | Huns |  | Nomadic confederation | 1st century – 370 AD
Europe: East; Asia, Central; Eurasian: Caucasus | Khazar Khaganate | Various | Nomadic Kingdom | 618–1048 AD
Europe: East | Kutrigurs |  | Nomadic confederation/client | 453 – 8th century AD
Europe: East | Magyar |  | Tribal Confederation/Principality | 1100 BC – 895 AD
Europe: East | Old Great Bulgaria | Phanagoria | Kingdom | 632–668 AD
Europe: East | Sarmatians | Tarki (Makhachkala) | Tribal Confederation | 450BC – 400 AD
Europe: East | Venedae |  | Tribal Confederation | 400 BC – 7th century AD
Europe: East | Volga Bulgaria | Bolghar, Bilär | Kingdom | 660–1236 AD
Europe: South | Duchy of Benevento after 774, Principality of Benevento | Benevento | Dukedom/Principality/Client | 571–1074 AD
Europe: South | Kingdom of the Lombards | Pavia | Kingdom | 568–774 AD
Europe: South | Odoacer's Kingdom | Ravenna | Kingdom | 476–493 AD
Europe: South | Ostrogothic Kingdom | Ravenna | Kingdom | 493–553 AD
Europe: South, West, Balkans, British Isles; Africa: North; Asia: West | Roman Empire | Rome, Constantinople | Empire | 27 BC – 1453 AD
Europe: South | San Marino | San Marino | Republic | 301 AD – present
Europe: South | Duchy of Tridentum | Benevento | Dukedom/Principality | 574–1802 AD
Europe: South | Republic of Venice | Venice | Republic | 697–1797 AD
Europe: West | Alamannia |  | Kingdom | 213 AD–496 AD
Europe: West | Alemanni |  | Tribal Confederation | 85 BC – 213 AD
Europe: West | Armorica |  | Kingdom/dukedom | 343–1532 AD
Europe: West | Austrasia | Metz | Kingdom | 511–751 AD
Europe: West | Bavaria |  | Dukedom | 508–788 AD
Europe: West | Kingdom of the Burgundians | Borbetomagus, Lugdunum | Kingdom | 410–534 AD
Europe: West | Carantania | Karnburg | Principality | 658–828 AD
Europe: West | Cornouaille |  | Principality | 430–1084 AD
Europe: West | Francia | Tournai, Paris | Kingdom/Empire | 481–843 AD
Europe: West | Franks | Various | Tribal Confederation | 210–481 AD
Europe: West | Frisian Kingdom | Dorestad, Utrecht | Kingdom | 600–734 AD
Europe: West | Kingdom of Galicia | Santiago de Compostela | Kingdom | 409–1833 AD
Europe: West, British Isles | Gallic Empire | Colonia Agrippina, Augusta Treverorum | Empire | 260–274 AD
Europe: West | Poher | Vorgium | Principality | 520–936 AD
Europe: West | Raetia Curiensis | Chur | Bishopric (religious state) | 452–1160 AD
Europe: West | Rugiland | Vindobona | Kingdom | 467–487 AD
Europe: West | Saxons (Continental) |  | Tribal confederation | 5th century BC – 754 AD
Europe: West | Kingdom of Soissons | Noviodunum | Kingdom | 457 – 486 AD
Europe: West | Suebi |  | Tribal Confederation | 60 BC – 409 AD
Europe: West | Kingdom of the Suebi | Braga | Kingdom | 409–585 AD
Europe: West | Duchy of Thuringia |  | Duchy | 631–1440 AD
Europe: West | Vandals |  | Tribal chiefdoms | 2nd century BC – 409 AD
Europe: West | Visigothic Kingdom | Various | Kingdom | 418–720 AD
Europe: South, West, British Isles; Africa: North | Western Roman Empire | Mediolanum, Ravenna | Empire | 395–476 AD
Eurasian: Caucasus | Arminiya | Dvin | Principality/client | 653–884 AD
Eurasian: Caucasus | Caspiane |  | Tribal Kingdom/Client | 650 BC – 387 AD
Eurasian: Caucasus | Caucasian Albania | Kabalak, Partav | Kingdom/Client | 65 BC – 628 AD
Eurasian: Caucasus | Kingdom of Iberia | Various | Kingdom | 302 BC – 580 AD
Eurasian: Caucasus | Principality of Iberia | Tbilisi | Principality | 580–891 AD
Eurasian: Caucasus | Lazica | Phasis | Kingdom/client | 1st century BC – 7th century AD
Eurasian: Caucasus | Sarir | Humraj | Kingdom/Client | 453 – 12th century AD
Asia: West | Adiabene | Arbela | Kingdom/Client | 15–310 AD
Asia: West | Araba | Hatra | Kingdom | 3rd century BC – 300 AD
Asia: West | Armenia | Van | Kingdom | 553 BC – 428 AD
Asia: West | Atropatene | Ganzak | Kingdom/Client | 320 BC – 226 AD
Asia: West | Carmania |  | Kingdom/client | 600 BC – 651 AD
Asia: West | Characene | Charax Spasinou | Kingdom | 127 BC – 222 AD
Asia: West | Corduene |  | Principality/kingdom/client | 800 BC – 653 AD
Asia: West | Elymais | Susa | Kingdom/Client | 147 BC – 224 AD
Asia: West | Gardman | Parisos | Principality/Kingdom/Client | 66–428 AD
Asia: West | Ghassanid | Balka, Harith, Petra, Sideir | Kingdom/Client | 220–712 AD
Asia: West | Hadhramaut |  | Kingdom | 700 BC – 320 AD
Asia: West | Kindah | Qaryat Dhāt Kāhil | Tribal kingdom | 2nd century BC – 525 AD
Asia: West | Lakhmids | Al-Hirah | Kingdom | 300–602 AD
Asia: West | Osroene | Edessa | Kingdom/Client | 134 BC – 244 AD
Asia: West | Palmyrene Empire | Palmyra | Empire | 260–273 AD
Asia: West | Parthian Empire | Ctesiphon | Empire | 247 BC – 224 AD
Asia: West; Africa, Northeast | Rashidun Caliphate | Medina, Kuffa | Empire | 632–661 AD
Asia: West, Central, Eurasian: Caucasus | Sasanian Empire | Estakhr, Ctesiphon | Empire | 224–637 AD
Asia: West | Zabdicene |  | Principality/client | 780 BC – 5th century AD
Asia: Central | Afrighids | Kath | Kingdom/Client | 305–995 AD
Asia: Central | Dayuan |  | Kingdom/Client | 329 BC – 280 AD
Asia: Central | Fergana | Khokand | Kingdom | 220 BC – 590 AD
Asia: Central | Hephthalite Empire | Various | Empire | 408–670 AD
Asia: Central | Kangju |  | Tribal Federation | 280 BC – 585 AD
Asia: Central | Kashgar | Kashgar | Kingdom/Client | 80–850 AD
Asia: Central | Khotan | Khotan | Kingdom | 56–1006 AD
Asia: Central | Kucha | Kucha | Buddhist Kingdom | 46–658 AD
Asia: Central, East | Rouran Khaganate |  | Confederation | 330–555 AD
Asia: Central | Sumpa |  | Tribal chiefdom/client | 1600 BC – 7th century AD
Asia: East, Central | Tang dynasty | Chang'an, Luoyang | Empire | 618–907 AD
Asia: Central, East | Tibetan Empire | Lhasa, Pho brang | Empire | 618–907 AD
Asia: Central | Turgesh Khaganate | Balasagun | Nomadic Empire | 699–766 AD
Asia: Central, East | First Turkic Khaganate | Ordu Baliq | Confederation | 552–747 AD
Asia: Central | Turpan | Turpan | Buddhist Kingdom | 480–640 AD
Asia: Central | Tuyuhun | Fuqi | Nomadic Kingdom | 285–670 AD
Asia: Central | Xionites |  | Tribal federation | 320 – late 5th century AD
Asia: South | Anuradhapura | Anuradhapura | Kingdom | 377 BC – 1017 AD
Asia: South | Ay | Aykudi | Kingdom | 4th century BC – 12th century AD
Asia: South | Kingdom of Bumthang | Chakhar Gutho | Kingdom | 7th–17th centuries AD
Asia: South | Chera Kingdom |  | Kingdom | 5th century BC – 1102 AD
Asia: South | Eastern Chalukyas | Vengi, Rajamundry | Kingdom | 624–1129 AD
Asia: South | Gauda Kingdom | Karnasuvarna | Kingdom | 590–626 AD
Asia: South | Gupta Empire | Pataliputra | Empire | 320–620 AD
Asia: South | Gurjara-Pratihara | Kannauj | Empire | 650–1036 AD
Asia: South | Harsha | Kanauj | Empire | 606–647 AD
Asia: South | Indo-Scythians | Sigal, Taxila, Mathura | Kingdom | 200 BC – 400 AD
Asia: South | Kabul Shahi | Kabul, Waihind | Kingdom/Empire | 6th century – 1026 AD
Asia: South | Kamarupa | Various | Kingdom | 350–1140 AD
Asia: South | Kuninda | Shravasti | Kingdom | 500 BC – 300 AD
Asia: South, Central | Kushan Empire | Various | Empire | 30–375 AD
Asia: South | Maitraka | Vallabhi | Empire | 475–767 AD
Asia: South | Maukhari | Kannauj | Empire | 550s – 8th century AD
Asia: South | Mushika | Ezhimalai | Kingdom | 3rd century BC – 4th century AD
Asia: South | Pallava Empire | Kanchi | Empire | 250 BC – 800 AD
Asia: South | Pundra | Pundravardhana | Kingdom | 1300 BC – 550 AD
Asia: South | Rai dynasty | Aror | Empire | 489–690 AD
Asia: South | Rajarata | Various | Kingdom | 377 BC – 1310 AD
Asia: South | Ruhuna | Magama | Principality | 200 BC – 450 AD
Asia: South | Satavahana Empire | Vatsagulma | Empire | 250–500 AD
Asia: South | Vakataka Empire | Amaravati | Empire | 230 BC – 230 AD
Asia: South | Vanga | Gange | Kingdom | 1300 BC – 580 AD
Asia: South | Vishnukundina | Indrapalanagara | Empire | 420–624 AD
Asia: South | Western Ganga dynasty | Kolar, Talakad | Kingdom | 350–1000 AD
Asia: South | Western Satraps | Ozone, Barygaza | Kingdom | 35–405 AD
Asia: Southeast | Bruneian Empire | Various | Empire | 7th century – 1888 AD
Asia: Southeast | Champa | Various | Kingdom | 192–1832 AD
Asia: Southeast | Chenla Kingdom | Bhavapura, Isanapura | Kingdom | 550–706 AD
Asia: Southeast | Chi Tu |  | Kingdom | 100 BC – 7th century AD
Asia: Southeast | Funan | Various | Kingdom | 60–550 AD
Asia: Southeast | Gangga Negara | Gangga Negara | Kingdom | 2nd–11th centuries AD
Asia: Southeast | Langkasuka | Kedah, Pattani | Kingdom | 100–1516 AD
Asia: Southeast | Lavo Kingdom | Lavo, Ayodhaya | Kingdom | 450–1388 AD
Asia: Southeast | Melayu Kingdom | Jambi | Kingdom | 4th–13th centuries AD
Asia: Southeast | Pyu city-states | Sri Ksetra | Federated City States | 250 BC – 1085 AD
Asia: Southeast | Sunda Kingdom | Various | Kingdom | 669–1579 AD
Asia: Southeast | Tarumanagara | Sundapura | Kingdom | 358–669 AD
Asia: Southeast | Thaton Kingdom | Thaton | Kingdom | 300 BC–1085 AD
Asia: Southeast, Vietnam | Vạn Xuân | Longbian | Kingdom | 544–602 AD
Asia: East, China | Cao Wei | Various | Kingdom | 220–265 AD
Asia: East, China | Cheng Han | Chengdu | Kingdom | 304–347 AD
Asia: East, China | Chouchi | Lüeyang | Principality | 184–511 AD
Asia: East, China | Duan |  | Tribal Chiefdom/Dukedom | 250–338 AD
Asia: East, China | Eastern Wu | Wuchang, Jianye | Kingdom | 229–280 AD
Asia: East, China | Former Zhao | Lishi | Kingdom | 304–329 AD
Asia: East, China | Han Empire | Various | Empire | 206 BC – 220 AD
Asia: East, China | Khitans | Shangjing | Kingdom/Client | 388 – 1211 AD
Asia: East, China | Liu Song dynasty | Jiankang | Empire | 420–479 AD
Asia: East, China | Northern Liang | Jiankang | Kingdom/Client | 397–460 AD
Asia: East, China | Northern Wei | Shengle | Empire | 386–585 AD
Asia: East, China | Shu Han | Chengdu | Kingdom | 221–263 AD
Asia: East, China | Southern Qi | Jiankang | Kingdom | 477–502 AD
Asia: East, China | Western Qin | Yongshicheng | Kingdom | 385–431 AD
Asia: East, China | Xianbei state |  | Nomadic (Empire) | 93–234 AD
Asia: East, Japan | Japan | Various | Empire | 660 BC – present
Asia: East, Japan | Yamatai |  | Kingdom | 1st century – 3rd century AD
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula | Baekje | Various | Kingdom | 18 BC – 660 AD
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula | Balhae | Dongmo | Empire | 698–926 AD
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula | Buyeo | Buyeoseong | Kingdom | 189 BC – 494 AD
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula | Dongye |  | Chiefdom | 3rd century BC – 5th century AD
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula | Gaya confederacy | Gaya | Confederacy | 42–562 AD
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula | Goguryeo | Various | Kingdom | 37 BC – 668 AD
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula | Mahan confederacy | Cheonan | Confederacy | 98 BC – 250 AD
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula | Okjeo |  | Tribal state | 2nd century BC – 5th century AD
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula | Samhan |  | Confederacy | 1st century BC – 4th century AD
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula | Siljik |  | Kingdom | 102 – 6th century AD
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula | Silla | Gyeongju | Kingdom | 55 BC – 935 AD
Asia: East, Korean Peninsula | Usan |  | Kingdom | 512–930 AD

## See also

* List of Copper Age states (c. 5000–3300 BC)
* List of Bronze Age states (c. 3300–1200 BC)
* List of Iron Age states (c. 1200–600 BC)
* List of Classical Age states (c. 600 BC–200 AD)
* List of states during the Middle Ages (c. 700–1500)
* List of former sovereign states
* List of states in the 3rd century
* List of states in the 4th century
* List of states in the 5th century
* List of states in the 6th century
* List of states in the 7th century
* List of ancient great powers
* List of medieval great powers
* List of modern great powers
* List of largest empires
* Lists of state leaders by year
* Ancient Africa
* Ancient Americas
* History of Central Asia
* Ancient China
* History of East Asia
* Ancient Europe
* History of India
* Ancient Iran
* Ancient Middle East
* Ancient Near East
* History of South Asia

## References

1. ↑ Salway, Peter. "Gaelic Kingdoms: Kingdoms of Caledonia". The History Files. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsBritain/GaelsPictland.htm. Retrieved 13 June 2014.

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