Information professional

An information professional or information specialist is someone who collects, records, organises, stores, preserves, retrieves, and disseminates printed or digital information. The service delivered to the client is known as an information service.[1][2]

The versatile term "information professional" is used to describe similar and sometimes overlapping professions, such as librarians, archivists, information managers, information systems specialists , information scientists, records managers,[1] and information consultants,[3][4] but terminology differs among sources and organisations.[1] Information professionals work in a variety of private, public, and academic institutions, or independently.

## Contents

* 1 Skills
* 2 Associations
* 3 Qualifications
* 3.1 Africa
* 3.2 Asia
* 3.3 Australasia
* 3.4 Europe
* 3.5 North America
* 3.6 South America
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 Further reading
* 7 External links

## Skills

Since the term information professional is broad, the skills required for this profession are also varied. A Gartner report in 2011 pointed out that "Professional roles focused on information management will be different to that of established IT roles. An 'information professional' will not be one type of role or skill set, but will in fact have a number of specializations". Thus, an information professional can possess a variety of different skills, depending on the sector in which the person is employed.[5]

Some essential cross-sector skills are:[6]

* IT skills, such as word-processing and spreadsheets, digitisation skills, and conducting Internet searches, together with skills loan systems, databases, content management systems, and specially designed programmes and packages.
* Customer service. An information professional should have the ability to address the information needs of customers.
* Language proficiency. This is essential in order to manage the information at hand and deal with customer needs.
* Soft skills. These include skills such as negotiating, conflict resolution, and time management.
* Management training. An information professional should be familiar with notions such as strategic planning and project management.[2]

Moreover, an information professional should be skilled in planning and using relevant systems, in capturing and securing information, and in accessing it to deliver service whenever the information is required.[7]

## Associations

Most countries have a professional association who oversee the professional and academic standards of librarians and other information professionals. There are also international associations related to LIS (library and information science), the most prominent of which is the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA). In many countries, LIS courses are accredited by the relevant professional association, as the American Library Association (ALA) in the USA, the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP) in the UK, and the Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA) in Australia.

## Qualifications

Educational institutions around the world offer academic degrees, or degrees on related subjects such as Archival Studies, Information Systems, Information Management, and Records Management. Some of the institutions offering information science education refer to themselves as an iSchool, such as the CiSAP (Consortium of iSchools Asia Pacific, founded 2006[8]) in Asia and the iSchool Caucus in the USA. There are also online e-learning resources, some of which offer certification for information professionals.

### Africa

Information development in Africa started later than in other continents, mainly due to a lack of internet access,[9] expertise and resources to manage digital infrastructure, and "opportunities for capacity development and knowledge-sharing".[10]

Nowadays, academic degrees in information studies are available at many universities of African countries, such as the University of Pretoria (South Africa), University of Nairobi (Kenya), Makerere University (Uganda), University of Botswana (Botswana), and University of Nigeria (Nigeria).[citation needed]

### Asia

LIS-related studies are available in more than 30 Asian countries.[11] Some examples listed by iSchools Inc. are the University of Hong Kong, University of Tsukuba, Japan, Yonsei University, South Korea, National Taiwan University and Wuhan University, China.[12]

### Australasia

The Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA) (As of 2021) lists six schools offering undergraduate and postgraduate accredited university courses for "Librarian and Information Specialists" on their website.[13]

In New Zealand, the Open Polytechnic of New Zealand and the Victoria University of Wellington offer undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses for information professionals.[14][15]

### Europe

The majority of European countries have universities, colleges, or schools which offer bachelor's degrees in LIS studies. Over 40 universities offer master's degrees in LIS-related fields, and many institutions, such as the Swedish School of Library and Information Science at the University of Borås (Sweden),[16] the University of Barcelona (Spain), Loughborough University (UK), and Aberystwyth University (Wales, UK) also offer PhD degrees.

### North America

Information studies and degrees are available at numerous academic institutions throughout the US and Canada. US professional associations, together with their European counterparts, have undertaken many educational initiatives and pioneered many advances in the field of Information studies, such as increased interdisciplinarity and more effective delivery of distance learning.[17] The Association for Intelligent Information Management, based in Silver Spring, MD, offers a qualification called Certified Information Professional (CIP), earned upon passing an examination, with certification remaining valid for three years.[7]

### South America

There are many schools and colleges in Latin American countries which offer courses in Library Science, Archival Studies, and Information Studies, however these subjects are taught completely separately.[18]

## See also

* Archival science
* Association of UK Media Librarians
* Education for librarianship
* Information retrieval
* Information school
* Information scientist
* International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO)
* Library and information science
* List of library associations
* UKSG

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Greer, R.C.; Grover, R.; Fowler, S.G. (2007). Introduction to the Library and Information Professions. NetLibrary, Inc.. Libraries Unlimited. pp. 12–15, 79. ISBN 978-0-313-09580-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=zlm2hJ7H0wIC&pg=PA12. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Oliveira, Dalbert Marques; Rodrigues, Luis Silva; Pereira, Patrícia Miranda (November 2019). "Profile of information professionals: an information science perspective based on the RIM framework". Proceedings of the 34th International Business Information Management Association Conference (34ª): 11233–11241. https://recipp.ipp.pt/handle/10400.22/16231.
3. ↑ Wormell, Irene; Olesen, Annie Joan; Mikulás, Gábor (1 January 2011). What is information consulting?. pp. 1–11. doi:10.1016/B978-1-84334-662-3.50001-3. ISBN 9781843346623. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781843346623500013. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
4. ↑ "Information Consultant - an overview". https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/information-consultant.
5. ↑ Mancini, John F.. "Rise of the Information Professional: A Career Path for the Digital Economy". AIIM. pp. 4. http://www.aiim.org/pdfdocuments/Rise-of-the-Information-Professional-White-Paper.pdf.
6. ↑ "The demand for and supply of skills in library and information services, archival services and records management". National Archives and Records Service (NARS, South Africa). 15 March 2010. pp. 87–88. http://www.national.archives.gov.za/Final Report 15 March2010.pdf.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Become a Certified Information Professional (CIP)". AIIM. http://www.aiim.org/Education-Section/CIP.
8. ↑ Sacchanand, Chutima (17 June 2016). ﻿Development of Management Strategies for Collaboration in Information Science Education and Research in the ASEAN Community﻿ (Report). Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
9. ↑ "65th IFLA Council and General Conference: Bangkok, Thailand, August 20 - August 28, 1999". 1999. http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla65/papers/118-116e.htm.
10. ↑ "About us: 3rd International Conference on African Digital Libraries and Archives (ICADLA-3)". University of the Witwatersrand. http://www.wits.ac.za/conferences/icadla/18123/icadla.html.
11. ↑ "Directory of Library & Information Science Programs in Asia". http://www.cisap.asia/schools/.
12. ↑ "Asia Pacific Directory". 1 March 2021. https://ischools.org/Asia-Pacific-Directory/.
13. ↑ "Librarians and information specialists". https://www.alia.org.au/librarians-and-information-specialists?field_area_of_practice_tid=109.
14. ↑ "Qualifications". https://www.librariesaotearoa.org.nz/qualifications.html.
15. ↑ "Library and Information Studies". https://www.openpolytechnic.ac.nz/qualifications-and-courses/information-and-library-studies/.
16. ↑ "Library and Information Science". 30 June 2020. https://www.hb.se/en/research/research-portal/research-areas/library-and-information-science/.
17. ↑ Owens, Irene; Leonhardt, Tom (2009). "LIS education in North America". in Abdullahi, Ismail. Global Library and Information Science: A Textbook for Students and Educators: with Contributions from Africa, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East, and North America. IFLA publications. K.G. Saur. pp. 549–563. doi:10.1515/9783598441349.549. ISBN 978-3-598-22042-5. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783598441349.549/html. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
18. ↑ Gallardo, Adolfo Rodríguez (2009). "Educational system in Latin America". in Abdullahi, Ismail. Global Library and Information Science: A Textbook for Students and Educators: with Contributions from Africa, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East, and North America. IFLA publications. K.G. Saur. pp. 405–415. doi:10.1515/9783598441349.405. ISBN 978-3-598-22042-5. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783598441349.405/html. Retrieved 10 March 2021.

## Further reading

* Carvell, Linda P. (2005). Career Opportunities in Library and Information Science. New York: Checkmark Books. pp. 75–79, 171–181. ISBN 978-0816052455. https://archive.org/details/careeropportunit00carv/page/75.
* Taylor, T. Allan; Parish, James Robert (2009). Career Opportunities in Library and Information Science. New York: Ferguson. pp. 206–212. ISBN 978-0816075461. https://archive.org/details/careeropportunit00tayl_220.

## External links

* "World List". 2013. http://www.ala.org/educationcareers/employment/foreigncredentialing/worldlist. World List of schools and departments of information science, information management and related disciplines

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