Kangxi Radicals (Unicode block)

Further information: Han unification

See also: CJK Radicals Supplement (Unicode block)

Short description: Unicode character block

Kangxi Radicals

Range| U+2F00..U+2FDF
(224 code points)
Plane| BMP
Scripts| Han
Symbol sets| CJK Radical
Assigned| 214 code points
Unused| 10 reserved code points
Source standards| CNS 11643-1992
Unicode version history
3.0| 214 (+214)
Note: [1][2]

Kangxi Radicals is a Unicode block. In version 3.0 (1999), this separate Kangxi Radicals block was introduced which encodes the 214 radicals in sequence, at U+2F00-2FD5. These are specific code points intended to represent the radical qua radical, as opposed to the character consisting of the unaugmented radical; thus, U+2F00 represents radical 1 while U+4E00 represents the character yī meaning "one". In addition, the CJK Radicals Supplement block (2E80–2EFF) was introduced, encoding alternative (often positional) forms taken by Kangxi radicals as they appear within specific characters. For example, ⺁ "CJK RADICAL CLIFF" (U+2E81) is a variant of ⼚ radical 27 (U+2F1A), itself identical in shape to the character consisting of unaugmented radical 27, 厂 "cliff" (U+5382).

The Unicode standard encoded 20,992 characters in version 1.0.1 (1992) in the CJK Unified Ideographs block (U+4E00-9FFF). This standard followed the Kangxi order of radicals (radical 1 at U+4E00, radical 214 at U+9FA0) but did not encode all characters found in the Kangxi dictionary. Individual characters were listed based on their Kangxi radical and number of additional strokes, e.g. U+5382 厂, the unaugmented radical 27 meaning "cliff" is listed under "27.0", while U+5383 to U+5386 are listed under "27.2" as they all consist of radical 27 plus two additional strokes. More characters were added in later versions, adding "CJK Unified Ideographs Extensions" A, B, C, D, E and F as of Unicode 12.1 (2019) with further additions planned for Unicode 13.0. Within each "Extension", characters are also ordered by Kangxi radical and additional strokes. The Unicode Consortium maintains the "Unihan Database", with a Radical-Stroke-Index. The Unicode Common Locale Data Repository provides no official collation (sort order) rule for Unicode CJK characters (short of sorting characters by code point);[3] such collation rules as there are language-specific (such as JIS X 0208 for Japanese kanji) and do not include any of the CJK Unified Ideographs Extension characters.

## Chart

### History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Kangxi Radicals block:

Version | Final code points[lower-alpha 1] | Count | L2 ID | WG2 ID | IRG ID | Document

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3.0 | U+2F00..2FD5 | 214 | L2/97-017 | N1182 | N202 |  Proposal to add 210 KangXi Radicals and 3 HANGZHOU Numbers in BMP for compatibility, 1995-03-23
| N1203 |  | Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1995-05-03), Unconfirmed minutes of SC2/WG2 Meeting 27, Geneva
| N1303 (html, doc) |  | Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1996-01-26), Minutes of Meeting 29, Tokyo
L2/97-030 | N1503 (pdf, doc) |  | Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1997-04-01), Unconfirmed Minutes of WG 2 Meeting #32, Singapore; 1997-01-20--24
|  | N449 | Jenkins, John; Wang, Xiaoming (1997-04-14), Naming of Kangxi Radicals
L2/97-154 | N1609 | N479 | Zhang, Zhoucai (1997-06-27), Kangxi Radicals
L2/97-284 | N1629 | N486 | Zhang, Zhoucai (1997-07-07), Kangxi Radicals and Hangzhou Numerals
L2/98-112 | N1629R |  | Zhang, Zhoucai (1998-03-19), Kangxi Radicals, Hangzhou Numerals
L2/98-332 | N1923 |  |  Combined PDAM registration and consideration ballot on WD for ISO/IEC 10646-1/Amd. 15, AMENDMENT 15: Kang Xi radicals and CJK radicals supplement, 1998-10-28
L2/99-010 | N1903 (pdf, html, doc) |  | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1998-12-30), Minutes of WG 2 meeting 35, London, U.K.; 1998-09-21--25
|  | N616 | Jenkins, John (1999-01-04), KangXi Radical Names
L2/99-073.1 | N1969 |  |  Irish Comments on SC 2 N 3213, 1999-01-19
L2/99-073 | N1968 (html, doc) |  |  Summary of Voting on SC 2 N 3213, PDAM ballot on WD for 10646-1/Amd. 15: Kang Xi radicals and CJK radicals supplement, 1999-02-08
L2/99-119 |  |  |  Text for FPDAM ballot of ISO/IEC 10646, Amd. 15 - Kang Xi radicals and CJK radicals supplement, 1999-04-07
L2/99-232 | N2003 |  | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1999-08-03), Minutes of WG 2 meeting 36, Fukuoka, Japan, 1999-03-09--15
L2/99-252 | N2065 |  |  Summary of Voting on SC 2 N 3311, ISO 10646-1/FPDAM 15 - Kang Xi radicals and CJK radicals supplement, 1999-08-19
L2/99-300 | N2122 |  | Paterson, Bruce (1999-09-21), Revised Text for FDAM ballot of ISO/IEC 10646-1/FDAM 15, AMENDMENT 15: Kang Xi radicals and CJK radicals supplement
L2/00-010 | N2103 |  | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2000-01-05), Minutes of WG 2 meeting 37, Copenhagen, Denmark: 1999-09-13--16
L2/00-044 |  |  |  Summary of FDAM voting: ISO 10646 Amendment 15: Kang Xi radicals and CJK radicals supplement, 2000-01-31
L2/02-436 | N2534 | N955 |  IRG Radical Classification, 2002-11-21
L2/03-362 | N2659 | N981 | Cook, Richard (2003-10-15), Defect Report on Kangxi Radical Forms
L2/04-423 | N2882 |  | Cook, Richard (2004-11-18), Defect Report on Kangxi Radical Forms, revisited
L2/19-175 |  |  | Jenkins, John H. (2019-04-25), Glyph for U+2F2A KANGXI RADICAL LAME
| N5079 | N2391 | Jenkins, John H. (2019-05-03), Glyph for U+2F2A KANGXI RADICAL LAME
L2/19-122 |  |  | Moore, Lisa (2019-05-08), UTC #159 Minutes
L2/19-237 | N5068 |  |  Editorial Report on Miscellaneous Issues (meeting IRG#52) [Affects U+2F2A], 2019-05-17
| N5122 |  |  Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 68, 2019-12-31
L2/19-270 |  |  | Moore, Lisa (2019-08-02), UTC #160 Minutes

1. ↑ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

## References

1. ↑ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. https://www.unicode.org/ucd/.
2. ↑ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. https://www.unicode.org/versions/enumeratedversions.html.
3. ↑ Ken Whistler, Markus Scherer, Unicode Collation Algorithm, Unicode Technical Standard #10, version 7.0.0 (2014).

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