List of ISO 639-1 codes

Short description: Standard abbreviations for languages

ISO 639 is a standardized nomenclature used to classify languages. Each language is assigned a two-letter (639-1) and three-letter (639-2 and 639-3) lowercase abbreviation, amended in later versions of the nomenclature.

This table lists all of:

* ISO 639-1: two-letter codes, one per language for ISO 639 macrolanguage

And some of:

* ISO 639-2/T: three-letter codes, for the same languages as 639-1
* ISO 639-2/B: three-letter codes, mostly the same as 639-2/T, but with some codes derived from English names rather than native names of languages (in the following table, these differing codes are highlighted in boldface)
* ISO 639-3: three-letter codes, the same as 639-2/T for languages, but with distinct codes for each variety of an ISO 639 macrolanguage

ISO language name  | 639-1 | 639-2/T | 639-2/B | 639-3 | Notes

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Abkhazian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `abk` | `abk` | `abk` | also known as Abkhaz
Afar | `Template:Iso639-1` | `aar` | `aar` | `aar` |
Afrikaans | `Template:Iso639-1` | `afr` | `afr` | `afr` |
Akan | `Template:Iso639-1` | `aka` | `aka` | `aka` + 2 | macrolanguage, Twi is `tw`/`twi`, Fanti is `fat`
Albanian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `sqi` | `alb` | `sqi` + 4 | macrolanguage, called "Albanian Phylozone" in 639-6
Amharic | `Template:Iso639-1` | `amh` | `amh` | `amh` |
Arabic | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ara` | `ara` | `ara` + 29 | macrolanguage, Standard Arabic is `arb`
Aragonese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `arg` | `arg` | `arg` |
Armenian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `hye` | `arm` | `hye` | ISO 639-3 code `hye` is for Eastern Armenian, `hyw` is for Western Armenian, and `xcl` is for Classical Armenian
Assamese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `asm` | `asm` | `asm` |
Avaric | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ava` | `ava` | `ava` | also known as Avar
Avestan | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ave` | `ave` | `ave` | ancient
Aymara | `Template:Iso639-1` | `aym` | `aym` | `aym` + 2 | macrolanguage
Azerbaijani | `Template:Iso639-1` | `aze` | `aze` | `aze` + 2 | macrolanguage, also known as Azeri
Bambara | `Template:Iso639-1` | `bam` | `bam` | `bam` |
Bashkir | `Template:Iso639-1` | `bak` | `bak` | `bak` |
Basque | `Template:Iso639-1` | `eus` | `baq` | `eus` |
Belarusian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `bel` | `bel` | `bel` |
Bengali | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ben` | `ben` | `ben` | also known as Bangla
Bislama | `Template:Iso639-1` | `bis` | `bis` | `bis` | Language formed from English and Vanuatuan languages, with some French influence.
Bosnian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `bos` | `bos` | `bos` |
Breton | `Template:Iso639-1` | `bre` | `bre` | `bre` |
Bulgarian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `bul` | `bul` | `bul` |
Burmese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `mya` | `bur` | `mya` | also known as Myanmar
Catalan, Valencian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `cat` | `cat` | `cat` |
Chamorro | `Template:Iso639-1` | `cha` | `cha` | `cha` |
Chechen | `Template:Iso639-1` | `che` | `che` | `che` |
Chichewa, Chewa, Nyanja | `Template:Iso639-1` | `nya` | `nya` | `nya` |
Chinese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `zho` | `chi` | `zho` + 16 | macrolanguage
Church Slavonic, Old Slavonic, Old Church Slavonic | `Template:Iso639-1` | `chu` | `chu` | `chu` | ancient, in use by the Eastern Orthodox Church
Chuvash | `Template:Iso639-1` | `chv` | `chv` | `chv` |
Cornish | `Template:Iso639-1` | `cor` | `cor` | `cor` |
Corsican | `Template:Iso639-1` | `cos` | `cos` | `cos` |
Cree | `Template:Iso639-1` | `cre` | `cre` | `cre` + 6 | macrolanguage
Croatian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `hrv` | `hrv` | `hrv` |
Czech | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ces` | `cze` | `ces` |
Danish | `Template:Iso639-1` | `dan` | `dan` | `dan` |
Divehi, Dhivehi, Maldivian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `div` | `div` | `div` |
Dutch, Flemish | `Template:Iso639-1` | `nld` | `dut` | `nld` | Flemish is not to be confused with the closely related West Flemish which is referred to as Vlaams (Dutch for "Flemish") in ISO 639-3 and has the ISO 639-3 code `vls`
Dzongkha | `Template:Iso639-1` | `dzo` | `dzo` | `dzo` |
English | `Template:Iso639-1` | `eng` | `eng` | `eng` |
Esperanto | `Template:Iso639-1` | `epo` | `epo` | `epo` | constructed, initially by L.L. Zamenhof in 1887
Estonian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `est` | `est` | `est` + 2 | macrolanguage
Ewe | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ewe` | `ewe` | `ewe` |
Faroese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `fao` | `fao` | `fao` |
Fijian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `fij` | `fij` | `fij` |
Finnish | `Template:Iso639-1` | `fin` | `fin` | `fin` |
French | `Template:Iso639-1` | `fra` | `fre` | `fra` |
Western Frisian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `fry` | `fry` | `fry` | also known as Frisian
Fulah | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ful` | `ful` | `ful` + 9 | macrolanguage, also known as Fula
Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic | `Template:Iso639-1` | `gla` | `gla` | `gla` |
Galician | `Template:Iso639-1` | `glg` | `glg` | `glg` |
Ganda | `Template:Iso639-1` | `lug` | `lug` | `lug` |
Georgian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kat` | `geo` | `kat` |
German | `Template:Iso639-1` | `deu` | `ger` | `deu` |
Greek, Modern (1453–) | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ell` | `gre` | `ell` | for Ancient Greek, use the ISO 639-3 code `grc`
Kalaallisut, Greenlandic | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kal` | `kal` | `kal` |
Guarani | `Template:Iso639-1` | `grn` | `grn` | `grn` + 5 | macrolanguage
Gujarati | `Template:Iso639-1` | `guj` | `guj` | `guj` |
Haitian, Haitian Creole | `Template:Iso639-1` | `hat` | `hat` | `hat` |
Hausa | `Template:Iso639-1` | `hau` | `hau` | `hau` |
Hebrew | `Template:Iso639-1` | `heb` | `heb` | `heb` | Modern Hebrew. Code changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, `iw`.[1]
Herero | `Template:Iso639-1` | `her` | `her` | `her` |
Hindi | `Template:Iso639-1` | `hin` | `hin` | `hin` |
Hiri Motu | `Template:Iso639-1` | `hmo` | `hmo` | `hmo` |
Hungarian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `hun` | `hun` | `hun` |
Icelandic | `Template:Iso639-1` | `isl` | `ice` | `isl` |
Ido | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ido` | `ido` | `ido` | constructed by De Beaufront, 1907, as variation of Esperanto
Igbo | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ibo` | `ibo` | `ibo` |
Indonesian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ind` | `ind` | `ind` | covered by macrolanguage `ms`/`msa`. Changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, `in`.[1]
Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ina` | `ina` | `ina` | constructed by the International Auxiliary Language Association
Interlingue, Occidental | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ile` | `ile` | `ile` | constructed by Edgar de Wahl, first published in 1922
Inuktitut | `Template:Iso639-1` | `iku` | `iku` | `iku` + 2 | macrolanguage
Inupiaq | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ipk` | `ipk` | `ipk` + 2 | macrolanguage
Irish | `Template:Iso639-1` | `gle` | `gle` | `gle` |
Italian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ita` | `ita` | `ita` |
Japanese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `jpn` | `jpn` | `jpn` |
Javanese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `jav` | `jav` | `jav` |
Kannada | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kan` | `kan` | `kan` |
Kanuri | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kau` | `kau` | `kau` + 3 | macrolanguage
Kashmiri | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kas` | `kas` | `kas` |
Kazakh | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kaz` | `kaz` | `kaz` |
Central Khmer | `Template:Iso639-1` | `khm` | `khm` | `khm` | also known as Khmer or Cambodian
Kikuyu, Gikuyu | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kik` | `kik` | `kik` |
Kinyarwanda | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kin` | `kin` | `kin` |
Kirghiz, Kyrgyz | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kir` | `kir` | `kir` |
Komi | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kom` | `kom` | `kom` + 2 | macrolanguage
Kongo | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kon` | `kon` | `kon` + 3 | macrolanguage
Korean | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kor` | `kor` | `kor` |
Kuanyama, Kwanyama | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kua` | `kua` | `kua` |
Kurdish | `Template:Iso639-1` | `kur` | `kur` | `kur` + 3 | macrolanguage
Lao | `Template:Iso639-1` | `lao` | `lao` | `lao` |
Latin | `Template:Iso639-1` | `lat` | `lat` | `lat` | ancient
Latvian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `lav` | `lav` | `lav` + 2 | macrolanguage
Limburgan, Limburger, Limburgish | `Template:Iso639-1` | `lim` | `lim` | `lim` |
Lingala | `Template:Iso639-1` | `lin` | `lin` | `lin` |
Lithuanian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `lit` | `lit` | `lit` |
Luba-Katanga | `Template:Iso639-1` | `lub` | `lub` | `lub` | also known as Luba-Shaba
Luxembourgish, Letzeburgesch | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ltz` | `ltz` | `ltz` |
Macedonian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `mkd` | `mac` | `mkd` |
Malagasy | `Template:Iso639-1` | `mlg` | `mlg` | `mlg` + 11 | macrolanguage
Malay | `Template:Iso639-1` | `msa` | `may` | `msa` + 36 | macrolanguage, Standard Malay is `zsm`, Indonesian is `id`/`ind`
Malayalam | `Template:Iso639-1` | `mal` | `mal` | `mal` |
Maltese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `mlt` | `mlt` | `mlt` |
Manx | `Template:Iso639-1` | `glv` | `glv` | `glv` |
Maori | `Template:Iso639-1` | `mri` | `mao` | `mri` | also known as Māori
Marathi | `Template:Iso639-1` | `mar` | `mar` | `mar` | also known as Marāṭhī
Marshallese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `mah` | `mah` | `mah` |
Mongolian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `mon` | `mon` | `mon` + 2 | macrolanguage
Nauru | `Template:Iso639-1` | `nau` | `nau` | `nau` | also known as Nauruan
Navajo, Navaho | `Template:Iso639-1` | `nav` | `nav` | `nav` |
North Ndebele | `Template:Iso639-1` | `nde` | `nde` | `nde` | also known as Northern Ndebele
South Ndebele | `Template:Iso639-1` | `nbl` | `nbl` | `nbl` | also known as Southern Ndebele
Ndonga | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ndo` | `ndo` | `ndo` |
Nepali | `Template:Iso639-1` | `nep` | `nep` | `nep` + 2 | macrolanguage
Norwegian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `nor` | `nor` | `nor` + 2 | macrolanguage, Bokmål is `nb`/`nob`, Nynorsk is `nn`/`nno`
Norwegian Bokmål | `Template:Iso639-1` | `nob` | `nob` | `nob` | covered by macrolanguage `no`/`nor`
Norwegian Nynorsk | `Template:Iso639-1` | `nno` | `nno` | `nno` | covered by macrolanguage `no`/`nor`
Sichuan Yi, Nuosu | `Template:Iso639-1` | `iii` | `iii` | `iii` | standard form of the Yi languages
Occitan | `Template:Iso639-1` | `oci` | `oci` | `oci` |
Ojibwa | `Template:Iso639-1` | `oji` | `oji` | `oji` + 7 | macrolanguage, also known as Ojibwe
Oriya | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ori` | `ori` | `ori` + 2 | macrolanguage, also known as Odia
Oromo | `Template:Iso639-1` | `orm` | `orm` | `orm` + 4 | macrolanguage
Ossetian, Ossetic | `Template:Iso639-1` | `oss` | `oss` | `oss` |
Pali | `Template:Iso639-1` | `pli` | `pli` | `pli` | ancient, also known as Pāli
Pashto, Pushto | `Template:Iso639-1` | `pus` | `pus` | `pus` + 3 | macrolanguage
Persian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `fas` | `per` | `fas` + 2 | macrolanguage, also known as Farsi
Polish | `Template:Iso639-1` | `pol` | `pol` | `pol` |
Portuguese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `por` | `por` | `por` |
Punjabi, Panjabi | `Template:Iso639-1` | `pan` | `pan` | `pan` |
Quechua | `Template:Iso639-1` | `que` | `que` | `que` + 43 | macrolanguage
Romanian, Moldavian, Moldovan | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ron` | `rum` | `ron` | the identifiers `mo` and `mol` for Moldavian are deprecated. They will not be assigned to different items, and recordings using these identifiers will not be invalid.
Romansh | `Template:Iso639-1` | `roh` | `roh` | `roh` |
Rundi | `Template:Iso639-1` | `run` | `run` | `run` | also known as Kirundi
Russian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `rus` | `rus` | `rus` |
Northern Sami | `Template:Iso639-1` | `sme` | `sme` | `sme` |
Samoan | `Template:Iso639-1` | `smo` | `smo` | `smo` |
Sango | `Template:Iso639-1` | `sag` | `sag` | `sag` |
Sanskrit | `Template:Iso639-1` | `san` | `san` | `san` | ancient
Sardinian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `srd` | `srd` | `srd` + 4 | macrolanguage
Serbian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `srp` | `srp` | `srp` | the ISO 639-2/T code `srp` deprecated the ISO 639-2/B code `scc`[2]
Shona | `Template:Iso639-1` | `sna` | `sna` | `sna` |
Sindhi | `Template:Iso639-1` | `snd` | `snd` | `snd` |
Sinhala, Sinhalese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `sin` | `sin` | `sin` |
Slovak | `Template:Iso639-1` | `slk` | `slo` | `slk` |
Slovenian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `slv` | `slv` | `slv` | also known as Slovene
Somali | `Template:Iso639-1` | `som` | `som` | `som` |
Southern Sotho | `Template:Iso639-1` | `sot` | `sot` | `sot` |
Spanish, Castilian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `spa` | `spa` | `spa` |
Sundanese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `sun` | `sun` | `sun` |
Swahili | `Template:Iso639-1` | `swa` | `swa` | `swa` + 2 | macrolanguage
Swati | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ssw` | `ssw` | `ssw` | also known as Swazi
Swedish | `Template:Iso639-1` | `swe` | `swe` | `swe` |
Tagalog | `Template:Iso639-1` | `tgl` | `tgl` | `tgl` | note: Filipino (Pilipino) has the code `fil`
Tajik | `Template:Iso639-1` | `tgk` | `tgk` | `tgk` |
Tamil | `Template:Iso639-1` | `tam` | `tam` | `tam` |
Tatar | `Template:Iso639-1` | `tat` | `tat` | `tat` |
Telugu | `Template:Iso639-1` | `tel` | `tel` | `tel` |
Thai | `Template:Iso639-1` | `tha` | `tha` | `tha` |
Tibetan | `Template:Iso639-1` | `bod` | `tib` | `bod` | also known as Standard Tibetan
Tigrinya | `Template:Iso639-1` | `tir` | `tir` | `tir` |
Tonga (Tonga Islands) | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ton` | `ton` | `ton` | also known as Tongan
Tsonga | `Template:Iso639-1` | `tso` | `tso` | `tso` |
Tswana | `Template:Iso639-1` | `tsn` | `tsn` | `tsn` |
Turkish | `Template:Iso639-1` | `tur` | `tur` | `tur` |
Turkmen | `Template:Iso639-1` | `tuk` | `tuk` | `tuk` |
Twi | `Template:Iso639-1` | `twi` | `twi` | `twi` | covered by macrolanguage `ak`/`aka`
Uighur, Uyghur | `Template:Iso639-1` | `uig` | `uig` | `uig` |
Ukrainian | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ukr` | `ukr` | `ukr` |
Urdu | `Template:Iso639-1` | `urd` | `urd` | `urd` |
Uzbek | `Template:Iso639-1` | `uzb` | `uzb` | `uzb` + 2 | macrolanguage
Venda | `Template:Iso639-1` | `ven` | `ven` | `ven` |
Vietnamese | `Template:Iso639-1` | `vie` | `vie` | `vie` |
Volapük | `Template:Iso639-1` | `vol` | `vol` | `vol` | constructed
Walloon | `Template:Iso639-1` | `wln` | `wln` | `wln` |
Welsh | `Template:Iso639-1` | `cym` | `wel` | `cym` |
Wolof | `Template:Iso639-1` | `wol` | `wol` | `wol` |
Xhosa | `Template:Iso639-1` | `xho` | `xho` | `xho` |
Yiddish | `Template:Iso639-1` | `yid` | `yid` | `yid` + 2 | macrolanguage. Changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, `ji`.[1]
Yoruba | `Template:Iso639-1` | `yor` | `yor` | `yor` |
Zhuang, Chuang | `Template:Iso639-1` | `zha` | `zha` | `zha` + 16 | macrolanguage
Zulu | `Template:Iso639-1` | `zul` | `zul` | `zul` |

## Table of all possible two letter codes

Decoding table of ISO 639-1 alpha-2 codes  aa | ab | ac | ad | ae | af | ag | ah | ai | aj | ak | al | am | an | ao | ap | aq | ar | as | at | au | av | aw | ax | ay | az

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ba | bb | bc | bd | be | bf | bg | bh | bi | bj | bk | bl | bm | bn | bo | bp | bq | br | bs | bt | bu | bv | bw | bx | by | bz
ca | cb | cc | cd | ce | cf | cg | ch | ci | cj | ck | cl | cm | cn | co | cp | cq | cr | cs | ct | cu | cv | cw | cx | cy | cz
da | db | dc | dd | de | df | dg | dh | di | dj | dk | dl | dm | dn | do | dp | dq | dr | ds | dt | du | dv | dw | dx | dy | dz
ea | eb | ec | ed | ee | ef | eg | eh | ei | ej | ek | el | em | en | eo | ep | eq | er | es | et | eu | ev | ew | ex | ey | ez
fa | fb | fc | fd | fe | ff | fg | fh | fi | fj | fk | fl | fm | fn | fo | fp | fq | fr | fs | ft | fu | fv | fw | fx | fy | fz
ga | gb | gc | gd | ge | gf | gg | gh | gi | gj | gk | gl | gm | gn | go | gp | gq | gr | gs | gt | gu | gv | gw | gx | gy | gz
ha | hb | hc | hd | he | hf | hg | hh | hi | hj | hk | hl | hm | hn | ho | hp | hq | hr | hs | ht | hu | hv | hw | hx | hy | hz
ia | ib | ic | id | ie | if | ig | ih | ii | ij | ik | il | im | in | io | ip | iq | ir | is | it | iu | iv | iw | ix | iy | iz
ja | jb | jc | jd | je | jf | jg | jh | ji | jj | jk | jl | jm | jn | jo | jp | jq | jr | js | jt | ju | jv | jw | jx | jy | jz
ka | kb | kc | kd | ke | kf | kg | kh | ki | kj | kk | kl | km | kn | ko | kp | kq | kr | ks | kt | ku | kv | kw | kx | ky | kz
la | lb | lc | ld | le | lf | lg | lh | li | lj | lk | ll | lm | ln | lo | lp | lq | lr | ls | lt | lu | lv | lw | lx | ly | lz
ma | mb | mc | md | me | mf | mg | mh | mi | mj | mk | ml | mm | mn | mo | mp | mq | mr | ms | mt | mu | mv | mw | mx | my | mz
na | nb | nc | nd | ne | nf | ng | nh | ni | nj | nk | nl | nm | nn | no | np | nq | nr | ns | nt | nu | nv | nw | nx | ny | nz
oa | ob | oc | od | oe | of | og | oh | oi | oj | ok | ol | om | on | oo | op | oq | or | os | ot | ou | ov | ow | ox | oy | oz
pa | pb | pc | pd | pe | pf | pg | ph | pi | pj | pk | pl | pm | pn | po | pp | pq | pr | ps | pt | pu | pv | pw | px | py | pz
qa | qb | qc | qd | qe | qf | qg | qh | qi | qj | qk | ql | qm | qn | qo | qp | qq | qr | qs | qt | qu | qv | qw | qx | qy | qz
ra | rb | rc | rd | re | rf | rg | rh | ri | rj | rk | rl | rm | rn | ro | rp | rq | rr | rs | rt | ru | rv | rw | rx | ry | rz
sa | sb | sc | sd | se | sf | sg | sh | si | sj | sk | sl | sm | sn | so | sp | sq | sr | ss | st | su | sv | sw | sx | sy | sz
ta | tb | tc | td | te | tf | tg | th | ti | tj | tk | tl | tm | tn | to | tp | tq | tr | ts | tt | tu | tv | tw | tx | ty | tz
ua | ub | uc | ud | ue | uf | ug | uh | ui | uj | uk | ul | um | un | uo | up | uq | ur | us | ut | uu | uv | uw | ux | uy | uz
va | vb | vc | vd | ve | vf | vg | vh | vi | vj | vk | vl | vm | vn | vo | vp | vq | vr | vs | vt | vu | vv | vw | vx | vy | vz
wa | wb | wc | wd | we | wf | wg | wh | wi | wj | wk | wl | wm | wn | wo | wp | wq | wr | ws | wt | wu | wv | ww | wx | wy | wz
xa | xb | xc | xd | xe | xf | xg | xh | xi | xj | xk | xl | xm | xn | xo | xp | xq | xr | xs | xt | xu | xv | xw | xx | xy | xz
ya | yb | yc | yd | ye | yf | yg | yh | yi | yj | yk | yl | ym | yn | yo | yp | yq | yr | ys | yt | yu | yv | yw | yx | yy | yz
za | zb | zc | zd | ze | zf | zg | zh | zi | zj | zk | zl | zm | zn | zo | zp | zq | zr | zs | zt | zu | zv | zw | zx | zy | zz
Colour legend
183/676 | Officially assigned: assigned to a language
7/676 | Deprecated: used previously but no longer assigned
486/676 | Unassigned

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Cover, Robin. "Code for the Representation of the Names of Languages. From ISO 639, revised 1989.". https://xml.coverpages.org/iso639a.html.
2. ↑ "Code Changes". ISO 639-2. Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_changes.php.

## External links

* Official ISO 639 list at the Library of Congress
* meta:Template:List of language names ordered by code on Wikimedia

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