Mathematical Operators

Short description: Unicode character block

Mathematical Operators

Range| U+2200..U+22FF
(256 code points)
Plane| BMP
Scripts| Common
Symbol sets| Mathematical symbols
Logic and Set operators
Relation symbols
Assigned| 256 code points
Unused| 0 reserved code points
Unicode version history
1.0.0| 242 (+242)
3.2| 256 (+14)
Note: [1][2]
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Mathematical Operators is a Unicode block containing characters for mathematical, logical, and set notation.

Notably absent are the plus sign (+), greater than sign (>) and less than sign (<), due to them already appearing in the Basic Latin Unicode block, and the plus-or-minus sign (±), multiplication sign (×) and obelus (÷), due to them already appearing in the Latin-1 Supplement block, although a distinct minus sign (−) is included, differing from the Basic Latin hyphen-minus (-).

## Contents

* 1 Block
* 2 Variation sequences
* 3 History
* 4 See also
* 5 References

## Block

## Variation sequences

The Mathematical Operators block has sixteen variation sequences defined for standardized variants.[3][4] They use U+FE00 VARIATION SELECTOR-1 (VS01) to denote variant symbols (depending on the font):

Variation sequences  Base character | Base | +VS01 | Description

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U+2205 EMPTY SET | ∅ | ∅︀ | zero with long diagonal stroke overlay form
U+2229 INTERSECTION | ∩ | ∩︀ | with serifs
U+222A UNION | ∪ | ∪︀ | with serifs
U+2268 LESS-THAN BUT NOT EQUAL TO | ≨ | ≨︀ | with vertical stroke
U+2269 GREATER-THAN BUT NOT EQUAL TO | ≩ | ≩︀ | with vertical stroke
U+2272 LESS-THAN OR EQUIVALENT TO | ≲ | ≲︀ | following the slant of the lower leg
U+2273 GREATER-THAN OR EQUIVALENT TO | ≳ | ≳︀ | following the slant of the lower leg
U+228A SUBSET OF WITH NOT EQUAL TO | ⊊ | ⊊︀ | with stroke through bottom members
U+228B SUPERSET OF WITH NOT EQUAL TO | ⊋ | ⊋︀ | with stroke through bottom members
U+2293 SQUARE CAP | ⊓ | ⊓︀ | with serifs
U+2294 SQUARE CUP | ⊔ | ⊔︀ | with serifs
U+2295 CIRCLED PLUS | ⊕ | ⊕︀ | with white rim
U+2297 CIRCLED TIMES | ⊗ | ⊗︀ | with white rim
U+229C CIRCLED EQUALS | ⊜ | ⊜︀ | with equal sign touching the circle
U+22DA LESS-THAN EQUAL TO OR GREATER-THAN | ⋚ | ⋚︀ | with slanted equal
U+22DB GREATER-THAN EQUAL TO OR LESS-THAN | ⋛ | ⋛︀ | with slanted equal

## History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Mathematical Operators block:

Version | Final code points[lower-alpha 1] | Count | UTC ID | L2 ID | WG2 ID | Document

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1.0.0 | U+2200..22F1 | 242 |  |  |  | (to be determined)
UTC/1999-013 |  |  | Karlsson, Kent (1999-05-27), Tildes and micro sign decompositions
| L2/99-176R |  | Moore, Lisa (1999-11-04), Minutes from the joint UTC/L2 meeting in Seattle, June 8-10, 1999
| L2/00-115R2 |  | Moore, Lisa (2000-08-08), Minutes Of UTC Meeting #83
| L2/01-342 |  | Suignard, Michel (2001-09-10), Comments accompanying the US positive vote on the FPDAM 1 to ISO/IEC 10646-1:2001
| L2/07-268 | N3253 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2007-07-26), Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 50, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany; 2007-04-24/27
| L2/15-268 |  | Beeton, Barbara; Freytag, Asmus; Iancu, Laurențiu; Sargent, Murray (2015-10-30), Proposal to Represent the Slashed Zero Variant of Empty Set
| L2/15-254 |  | Moore, Lisa (2015-11-16), UTC #145 Minutes
3.2 | U+22F2..22FF | 14 |  | L2/00-119[lower-alpha 2] | N2191R | Whistler, Ken; Freytag, Asmus (2000-04-19), Encoding Additional Mathematical Symbols in Unicode
| L2/00-234 | N2203 (rtf, txt) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2000-07-21), Minutes from the SC2/WG2 meeting in Beijing, 2000-03-21 -- 24
| L2/00-115R2 |  | Moore, Lisa (2000-08-08), Minutes Of UTC Meeting #83

1. ↑ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names
2. ↑ Refer to the history section of the Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B block for additional math-related documents

## See also

* Mathematical operators and symbols in Unicode

## References

1. ↑ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. https://www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
2. ↑ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. https://www.unicode.org/versions/enumeratedversions.html. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
3. ↑ "Unicode Character Database: Standardized Variation Sequences". The Unicode Consortium. https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/StandardizedVariants.txt.
4. ↑ Whistler, Ken; Freytag, Asmus (2000-04-19), L2/00-119: Encoding Additional Mathematical Symbols in Unicode, https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2000/00119-math.pdf

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