Artificial urinary bladder

The two main methods for replacing bladder function involve either redirecting urine flow or replacing the bladder in situ.[1] Replacement can be done with an artificial urinary bladder, an artificial organ.[citation needed]

## Development

On January 30, 1999, scientists announced that lab-grown bladders had been successfully transplanted into dogs. These artificial bladders worked well for almost a year in the dogs.

In 2000, a new procedure for creating artificial bladders for humans was developed. This procedure is called an orthotopic neobladder procedure. This procedure involves shaping a part (usually 35 to 40 inches) of a patient's small intestine to form a new bladder; however, these bladders made of intestinal tissues produced unpleasant side-effects.[citation needed] The current standard for repairing a damaged urinary bladder involves partial or complete replacement using tissue from the small intestine.[1]

In 2006, the first publication of experimental transplantation of bioengineered bladders appeared in The Lancet.<ref name=atala2006>"Tissue-engineered autologous bladders for patients needing cystoplasty". Lancet 367 (9518): 1241–6. April 2006. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68438-9. PMID 16631879.

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Treatments & Procedures", Urinary Reconstruction and Diversion, Cleveland Clinic, https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/12546-urinary-reconstruction--diversion, retrieved 2013-03-22

## External links

* Doctors Create Re-Engineered Bladders (Voice of America, 5 April 2006)
* Artificial bladder being developed by James J. Yoo M.D., Ph.D.at the Department of Urology at Harvard Medical School.\- non-biological artificial bladder.

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