Biomedical tissue

Short description: Tissue used for organ transplants

Biomedical tissue is biological tissue used for organ transplantation and medical research, particularly cancer research. When it is used for research it is a biological specimen.

Such tissues and organs may be referred to as implant tissue, allograft, xenograft, skin graft tissue, human transplant tissue, or implant bone. Tissue is stored in tissue establishments or tissue banks under cryogenic conditions. Fluids such as blood, blood products and urine are stored in fluid banks under similar conditions.

## Contents

* 1 Regulation
* 2 Notable regulation cases
* 3 See also
* 4 Footnotes
* 5 External links

## Regulation

The collection, storage, analysis and transplantation of human tissue involves significant ethical and safety issues, and is heavily regulated. Each country sets its own framework for ensuring the safety of human tissue products.[citation needed]

The regulation of human transplantation in the United Kingdom is set out in the Human Tissue Act 2004 and managed by the Human Tissue Authority.[1]

Tissue banks in the US are monitored by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The Code of Federal Regulations sets out the following topics:[2]

* Donor Screening and Testing: the determination of donor suitability for human tissue intended for transplantation.
* Procedures and Records: the written procedures and records that must be kept
* Inspection of Tissue Establishments: the importation of tissues from abroad and the retention, recall, and destruction of human tissue.

## Notable regulation cases

* Biomedical Tissue Services, Inc. is at the heart of an investigation by the Food and Drug Administration. FDA Provides Information on Investigation into Human Tissue for Transplantation

## See also

* Biomaterial
* Implant
* Biomesh

## Footnotes

1. ↑ Human Tissue Authority. "Remit". Archived from the original on 2006-02-25. https://web.archive.org/web/20060225014634/http://www.hta.gov.uk/aboutus/remit/.
2. ↑ Food and Drug Administration (2003). "Part 1270: 'Human Tissue Intended for Transplantation'". Title 21--Food and Drugs. Code of Federal Regulations. http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_03/21cfr1270_03.html.

## External links

* The UK Human Tissue Act 2004
* Specimen Central biorepository list A worldwide listing of active biobanks and biorepositories

* v
* t
* e

Organ transplantation

Types|

* Allotransplantation
* ABOi
* Autotransplantation
* Xenotransplantation

Organs and tissues|

* Bone
* Bone marrow
* Brain
* Corneal
* Face
* Hand
* Head
* Heart
* Heart–lung
* Intestine
* Kidney
* Liver
* Living donor
* Lung
* Pancreas
* Islet cell
* Penis
* Skin
* Spleen
* Testicle
* Thymus
* Uterus
* Vagina

Medical grafting|

* Bone grafting
* Skin grafting
* Vascular grafting

Organ donation|

* Non-heart-beating donation
* Organ harvesting
* Organ trade

Complications|

* Graft-versus-host disease
* Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder
* Transplant rejection

Transplant networks
and government departments|

* Balttransplant
* BC Transplant Society
* Eurotransplant
* Gift of Life Marrow Registry
* Human Tissue Authority
* LifeSharers
* National Marrow Donor Program
* NOD-Lb
* National Transplant Organization
* NHS Blood and Transplant
* Scandiatransplant
* Trillium Gift of Life Network
* United Network for Organ Sharing

Advocacy organizations|

* Anthony Nolan
* Bloodwise
* DKMS
* Donate Life America
* Halachic Organ Donor Society
* Kidney Foundation of Canada
* National Kidney Foundation
* ORGANIZE

Joint societies|

* American Society of Nephrology
* American Society of Transplantation
* Canadian Society of Transplantation

Countries|

* Organ transplantation in different countries
* Organ transplantation in China
* Organ transplantation in Israel
* Organ transplantation in Japan
* Gurgaon kidney scandal

People|

| Heart|

* Christiaan Barnard
* James D. Hardy
* Adrian Kantrowitz
* Richard Lower
* Norman Shumway

|

Kidney|

* J. Hartwell Harrison
* John P. Merrill
* Joseph Murray
* Michael Woodruff

Liver|

* Fikri Alican
* James D. Hardy
* Thomas Starzl

Lung|

* Fikri Alican
* Joel D. Cooper
* Vladimir Demikhov
* James D. Hardy

Pancreas|

* Richard C. Lillehei

Penis|

* André van der Merwe

Other|

* Alexis Carrel
* Jean-Michel Dubernard
* Donna Mansell
* Bruce Reitz

* List of organ transplant donors and recipients

Related topics|

* Biomedical tissue
* Edmonton protocol
* Eye bank
* Immunosuppressive drugs
* Lung allocation score
* Machine perfusion
* Total body irradiation
* Frankenstein's monster

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