Concentration effect

Short description: Effect affecting the pulmonary alveolar gas concentration during anesthesia

In the study of inhaled anesthetics, the concentration effect is the increase in the rate that the Fa (alveolar concentration)/Fi (inspired concentration) ratio rises as the alveolar concentration of that gas is increased. In simple terms, the higher the concentration of gas administered, the faster the alveolar concentration of that gas approaches the inspired concentration. In modern practice it is only relevant for nitrous oxide since other inhaled anesthetics are delivered at much lower concentrations due to their higher potency.

## See also

* Second gas effect

## References

* Korman B, Mapleson WW (May 1997). "Concentration and second gas effects: can the accepted explanation be improved?". Br J Anaesth 78 (5): 618–25. doi:10.1093/bja/78.5.618. PMID 9175984.
* Taheri S, Eger EI 2nd (September 1999). "A Demonstration of the Concentration and Second Gas Effects in Humans Anesthetized with Nitrous Oxide and Desflurane". Anesthesia and Analgesia 89 (3): 774–80. doi:10.1213/00000539-199909000-00047. PMID 10475324. http://www.anesthesia-analgesia.org/content/89/3/774.long.

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Anesthesia and anesthesiology

Types|

* General
* Sedation
* Twilight anesthesia
* Local
* Topical
* Intercostal nerve block
* Neuraxial blockade
* Spinal
* Epidural
* Dental
* Inferior alveolar nerve

Techniques|

* Airway management
* Anesthesia provision in the US
* Arterial catheter
* Bronchoscopy
* Capnography
* Dogliotti's principle
* Drug-induced amnesia
* Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring
* Nerve block
* Penthrox inhaler
* Tracheal intubation

Scientific principles|

* Blood–gas partition coefficient
* Concentration effect
* Fink effect
* Minimum alveolar concentration
* Second gas effect

Measurements|

* ASA physical status classification system
* Baricity
* Bispectral index
* Entropy monitoring
* Fick principle
* Goldman index
* Guedel's classification
* Mallampati score
* Neuromuscular monitoring
* Thyromental distance

Instruments|

* Anaesthetic machine
* Anesthesia cart
* Boyle's machine
* Gas cylinder
* Laryngeal mask airway
* Laryngeal tube
* Medical monitor
* Odom's indicator
* Relative analgesia machine
* Vaporiser
* Double-lumen endotracheal tube
* Endobronchial blocker

Complications|

* Emergence delirium
* Allergic reactions
* Anesthesia awareness
* Local anesthetic toxicity
* Malignant hyperthermia
* Perioperative mortality
* Postanesthetic shivering
* Postoperative nausea and vomiting
* Postoperative residual curarization

Subspecialties|

* Cardiothoracic
* Critical emergency medicine
* Geriatric
* Intensive care medicine
* Obstetric
* Oral sedation dentistry
* Pain medicine

Professions|

* Anesthesiologist
* Anesthesiologist assistant
* Nurse anesthetist
* Operating department practitioners
* Certified Anesthesia Technician
* Certified Anesthesia Technologist
* Anaesthetic technician
* Physicians' assistant (anaesthesia)

History|

* ACE mixture
* Helsinki Declaration for Patient Safety in Anaesthesiology
* History of general anesthesia
* History of neuraxial anesthesia
* History of tracheal intubation

Organizations|

* American Association of Nurse Anesthetists
* American Society of Anesthesia Technologists & Technicians
* American Society of Anesthesiologists
* Anaesthesia Trauma and Critical Care
* Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland
* Royal College of Anaesthetists
* Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists
* Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists
* Australian Society of Anaesthetists
* International Anesthesia Research Society

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* Outline

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