Hernia repair

Short description: Surgical procedures to fix abnormal openings through which tissue or organs may protrude

Hernia repair

Surgical incision at the groin after inguinal herniorrhaphy

Specialty| General surgery
Types| Herniorrhaphy, hernioplasty

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Hernia repair is a surgical operation for the correction of a hernia—a bulging of internal organs or tissues through the wall that contains it. It can be of two different types: herniorrhaphy; or hernioplasty.[1] This operation may be performed to correct hernias of the abdomen, groin, diaphragm, brain, or at the site of a previous operation. Hernia repair is often performed as an ambulatory procedure.

## Contents

* 1 Techniques
* 1.1 Inguinal hernia repair
* 1.2 Stoppa procedure
* 1.3 Advancements in Hernia Repair
* 2 References
* 3 External links

## Techniques

### Inguinal hernia repair

The first differentiating factor in hernia repair is whether the surgery is done open, or laparoscopically. Open hernia repair is when an incision is made in the skin directly over the hernia. Laparoscopic hernia repair is when minimally invasive cameras and equipment are used and the hernia is repaired with only small incisions adjacent to the hernia. These techniques are similar to the techniques used in laparoscopic gallbladder surgery.[citation needed]

### Stoppa procedure

The Stoppa procedure is a tension-free type of hernia repair. It is performed by wrapping the lower part of the parietal peritoneum with prosthetic mesh and placing it at a preperitoneal level over Fruchaud's myopectineal orifice. It was first described in 1975 by Rene Stoppa.[2] This operation is also known as "giant prosthetic reinforcement of the visceral sac" (GPRVS).[3]

This technique has met particular success in the repair of bilateral hernias, large scrotal hernias, and recurrent or rerecurrent hernias in which conventional repair is difficult and which carries a high morbidity and failure rate.[4] The most recent reported recurrence rate (involving 230 patients with 420 hernias and a maximum of 8 years follow-up) was 0.71%.[5] The totally extra-peritoneal repair (TEP) uses exactly the same principles as the Stoppa repair, except that it is performed laparoscopically.[6]

### Advancements in Hernia Repair

Robotic-assisted hernia repair has gained popularity due to its precision, smaller incisions, and quicker recovery times. Using robotic systems, surgeons have greater flexibility and control during the procedure. Although its use is still more expensive and requires specialized equipment, early studies suggest that robotic hernia repair may offer improved outcomes in complex cases, such as large or recurrent hernias.[7]

## References

1. ↑ "Difference between herniorraphy and hernioplasty for hernia repair - Offline Clinic" (in en-US). Offline Clinic. 2012-10-28. https://offlineclinic.com/difference-between-herniorraphy-and-hernioplasty-for-hernia-repair/.
2. ↑ "Unsutured Dacron prosthesis in groin hernias". Int Surg 60 (8): 411–412. 1975. PMID 125731.
3. ↑ Wantz G (1989). "Giant prosthetic reinforcement of the visceral sac". Surg Gynecol Obstet 169 (5): 408–417. PMID 2814751.
4. ↑ "Mechanisms of hernia recurrence after preperitoneal mesh repair. Traditional and laparoscopic". Ann Surg 225 (4): 422–431. 1997. doi:10.1097/00000658-199704000-00012. PMID 9114802.
5. ↑ "Giant prosthetic reinforcement of the visceral sac: the Stoppa groin hernia repair in 234 patients". Ann Saudi Med 25 (3): 228–232. 2005. doi:10.5144/0256-4947.2005.228. PMID 16119524.
6. ↑ "Open or laparoscopic preperitoneal mesh repair for recurrent inguinal hernia? A randomized controlled trial". Surg Endosc 13 (4): 323–327. 1999. doi:10.1007/s004649900981. PMID 10094739.
7. ↑ Bianco, Francesco M.; Pavelko, Yevhen; Gangemi, Antonio (2019), "Robotic Assisted Morgagni Hernia Repair", Robotic Assisted Hernia Repair (Cham: Springer International Publishing): pp. 445–456, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-23025-8_29, ISBN 978-3-030-23024-1, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23025-8_29, retrieved 2024-11-25

## External links

* European Hernia Society guidelines on the treatment of inguinal hernia in adult patients.
* American Hernia Society
* Surgery Methods, Inguinal Hernia, Description, Comparison

Classification|

* ICD-9-CM: 53

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* v
* t
* e

Surgical procedures involving the digestive system (ICD-9-CM V3 42–54, ICD-10-PCS 0D)

Digestive tract|

| Upper GI tract|

| SGs / Esophagus|

* Esophagectomy
* Heller myotomy
* Sialography
* Impedance–pH monitoring
* Esophageal pH monitoring
* Esophageal motility study

|

Stomach|

* Bariatric surgery
* Adjustable gastric band
* Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty
* Gastric bypass surgery
* Sleeve gastrectomy
* Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery
* Collis gastroplasty
* Gastrectomy
* Billroth I
* Billroth II
* Roux-en-Y
* Gastroenterostomy
* Gastropexy
* Gastrostomy
* Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
* Esophagogastric dissociation
* Hill repair
* Nissen fundoplication
* Pyloromyotomy

Medical imaging|

* Endoscopy: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
* Barium swallow
* Upper gastrointestinal series

Lower GI tract|

| Small bowel|

* Bariatric surgery
* Duodenal switch
* Jejunoileal bypass
* Bowel resection
* Ileostomy
* Intestine transplantation
* Jejunostomy
* Partial ileal bypass surgery
* Strictureplasty

|

Large bowel|

* Appendicectomy
* Colectomy
* Colonic polypectomy
* Colostomy
* Hartmann's operation

Rectum|

* Abdominoperineal resection / Miles operation
* Lower anterior resection
* Total mesorectal excision

Anal canal|

* Anal sphincterotomy
* Anorectal manometry
* Lateral internal sphincterotomy
* Rubber band ligation
* Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization

Medical imaging|

* Endoscopy: Colonoscopy
* Anoscopy
* Capsule endoscopy
* Enteroscopy
* Proctoscopy
* Sigmoidoscopy

* Abdominal ultrasonography
* Defecography
* Double-contrast barium enema
* Endoanal ultrasound
* Enteroclysis
* Lower gastrointestinal series
* Small-bowel follow-through
* Transrectal ultrasonography
* Virtual colonoscopy

Stool tests|

* Fecal fat test
* Fecal pH test
* Stool guaiac test

Accessory|

| Liver|

* Artificial extracorporeal liver support
* Bioartificial liver devices
* Liver dialysis
* Hepatectomy
* Liver biopsy
* Liver transplantation
* Portal hypertension
* Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt [TIPS]
* Distal splenorenal shunt procedure

|

Gallbladder, bile duct|

* Cholecystectomy
* Cholecystostomy
* ERCP
* Hepatoportoenterostomy

* Medical imaging: Cholangiography
* IV
* MRCP
* PTC
* Cholecystography
* Cholescintigraphy

Pancreas|

* Frey's procedure
* Pancreas transplantation
* Pancreatectomy
* Pancreaticoduodenectomy
* Puestow procedure

Abdominopelvic|

| Peritoneum|

* Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
* Intraperitoneal injection
* Laparoscopy
* Omentopexy
* Paracentesis
* Peritoneal dialysis

|

Hernia|

* Hernia repair: Inguinal hernia surgery
* Femoral hernia repair

Other|

* Laparotomy
* Exploratory laparotomy
* Rapid urease test / Urea breath test

CPRs|

* MELD
* PELD
* UKELD
* Child–Pugh score
* Ranson criteria
* Milan criteria

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