Intravenous cholangiography

ICD-9-CM| 87.52
OPS-301 code| 3-13c.0

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Intravenous cholangiography is a form of cholangiography that was introduced in 1954.[1]

## Contents

* 1 Overview
* 2 Procedure
* 3 Risks
* 4 Indications
* 5 References

## Overview

The intravenous cholangiogram or IVC is a radiologic (x-ray) procedure that is used primarily to look at the larger bile ducts within the liver and the bile ducts outside the liver. The procedure can be used to locate gallstones within these bile ducts. IVC also can be used to identify other causes of obstruction to the flow of bile, for example, narrowings (strictures) of the bile ducts and cancers that may impair the normal flow of bile.

## Procedure

To do an IVC, an iodine-containing dye (meglumine ioglycamate) is injected intravenously into the blood. The liver then removes the dye from the blood and excretes it into the bile. The iodine is sufficiently concentrated as it is secreted into the bile that it does not need to be further concentrated by the gallbladder to outline the bile ducts and any gallstones that may be there. The gallbladder is not always seen on an IVC, as the iodine-containing bile may bypass the gallbladder entirely and empty directly into the small intestine.

## Risks

Occasional serious allergic reactions can occur to any iodine-containing dye. These reactions can usually be treated and rarely result in death.

## Indications

The IVC is not used as much today as it was. Its use always was limited, because it did not work when there was more than a minimal amount of jaundice, and many of the conditions it was used to detect also caused substantial jaundice. The IVC has been largely replaced by other diagnostic procedures—by ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography), endoscopic ultrasound and, increasingly, by MRI cholangiography, none of which are affected by jaundice. It is sometimes used when ERCP is unsuccessful.[2]

## References

1. ↑ Albert L. Baert (13 February 2008). Encyclopedia of Diagnostic Imaging. Springer. pp. 123–. ISBN 978-3-540-35278-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=e3F4NaY3fgQC&pg=PA123. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
2. ↑ Erwin Kuntz; Hans-Dieter Kuntz (2008). Hepatology: textbook and atlas : history, morphology, biochemistry, diagnostics, clinic, therapy. Springer. pp. 191–. ISBN 978-3-540-76838-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=oL6d9KuVqLQC&pg=PA191. Retrieved 3 July 2011.

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Medical imaging (ICD-9-CM V3 87–88, ICD-10-PCS B, CPT 70010–79999)

X-ray/
Radiography|

| 2D|

| Medical:|

* Pneumoencephalography
* Dental radiography
* Sialography
* Myelography
* CXR
* Bronchography
* AXR
* KUB
* DXA/DXR
* Upper gastrointestinal series/Small-bowel follow-through/Lower gastrointestinal series
* Cholangiography/Cholecystography
* Mammography
* Pyelogram
* Cystography
* Arthrogram
* Hysterosalpingography
* Skeletal survey
* Angiography
* Angiocardiography
* Aortography
* Venography
* Lymphogram
* Orbital radiography

|

Industrial:|

* Radiographic testing

CT scan|

| Techniques:|

* General operation of CT
* Quantitative CT
* High-resolution CT
* X-ray microtomography
* Electron beam computed tomography
* Cone beam computed tomography

|

Targets|

* Coronary
* Calcium scan
* CT angiography
* Abdominal and pelvic CT
* Virtual colonoscopy
* CT angiography
* Coronary CT
* Pulmonary CT
* Head CT
* Thyroid CT
* Whole body imaging
* Full-body CT scan

Other|

* Fluoroscopy
* Dental panoramic radiography
* X-ray motion analysis

MRI|

* MRI of the brain
* MR neurography
* Cardiac MRI/Cardiac MRI perfusion
* MR angiography
* MR cholangiopancreatography
* Breast MRI
* Functional MRI
* Sequences
* Diffusion MRI
* Perfusion MRI
* Tractography
* Synthetic MRI

Ultrasound|

* Echocardiography
* Doppler ultrasonography
* Doppler echocardiography
* TTE
* TEE
* Transcranial Doppler
* Intravascular
* Gynecologic
* Obstetric
* Echoencephalography
* Abdominal ultrasonography
* Transrectal
* Breast ultrasound
* Transscrotal ultrasound
* Carotid ultrasonography
* Contrast-enhanced
* 3D ultrasound
* Endoscopic ultrasound
* Emergency ultrasound
* FAST
* Pre-hospital ultrasound
* Duplex

Radionuclide|

| 2D / scintigraphy|

* Cholescintigraphy
* Scintimammography
* Ventilation/perfusion scan
* Radionuclide ventriculography
* Radionuclide angiography
* Radioisotope renography
* Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy
* Radioactive iodine uptake test
* Bone scintigraphy
* Immunoscintigraphy
* Dacryoscintigraphy
* DMSA scan
* Gastric emptying scan

Full body:|

* Octreotide scan
* Gallium 67 scan
* Indium-111 WBC scan

3D / ECT|

| SPECT (gamma ray):|

* Myocardial perfusion imaging

|

PET (positron):|

* Brain PET
* Cardiac PET
* PET mammography
* PET-CT
* PET-MRI

Optical/Laser|

* Optical tomography
* Optical coherence tomography
* Confocal microscopy
* Endomicroscopy
* Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging

Thermography|

* non-contact thermography
* contact thermography
* dynamic angiothermography

Target conditions|

* Acute stroke
* Pregnancy

* Category

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