List of withdrawn drugs

Short description: None

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Drugs or medicines may be withdrawn from commercial markets because of risks to patients, but also because of commercial reasons (e.g. lack of demand and relatively high production costs) or because it turns out that they are less effective in clinical practice than premarketing efficacy trials suggested. When risks or harms are the cause, withdrawals will usually have been prompted by unexpected adverse effects that were not detected during the early, premaketing, clinical trials, i.e. they became apparent only from postmarketing surveillance data collected from the wider community during routine use over longer periods of time.

This list is not limited to drugs that were ever approved by specific jurisdictions. Some of them (lumiracoxib, rimonabant, tolrestat, ximelagatran, and zimeldine, for example) received marketing approval in Europe but had not yet been approved for marketing in the United States when adverse effects became clear and they were withdrawn from the market. Some drugs in this list (e.g. LSD) were never approved for marketing in the United States or Europe.

## Contents

* 1 Significant withdrawals
* 2 See also
* 3 References
* 4 External links

## Significant withdrawals

Drug name (INNs where available)  | Withdrawn  | Country  | Remarks

|
|
|

Amphetamine \- mixture of four salts (Adderall XR)  | 2005  | Canada  | Withdrawn after reports of increased risk of stroke; reinstated after increased risk not found[1]
Alatrofloxacin | 2006  | Worldwide  | Serious hepatotoxicity leading to liver transplant or death[2]
Alclofenac | 1979  | UK  | Vasculitis[3]
Alpidem (Ananxyl)  | 1995  | Worldwide  | Not approved in the US; withdrawn in France in 1994[4] and the rest of the world in 1995 because of rare but serious hepatotoxicity[3][5]
Alosetron (Lotronex)  | 2000  | US  | Serious gastrointestinal adverse events; ischaemic colitis; severe constipation;[2] reintroduced in 2002 with restricted indications and new controls[6]
Alphaxolone/Alphadolone

(Althesin)

| 1984  | France, Germany, UK  | Anaphylaxis, possibly due to the carrier oil

(Cremophor EL)[3]

Amineptine (Survector)  | 1999  | France, US  | Hepatotoxicity, dermatological adverse effects, and abuse potential[7]
Aminophenazone (aminopyrine)  | 1999  | France, Thailand  | Risk of agranulocytosis and severe acne[3]
Amobarbital | 1980  | Norway  | Risk of barbiturate toxicity[3]
Amoproxan  | 1970  | France  | Dermatological and ophthalmic toxicity[3]
Anagestone acetate | 1969  | Germany  | Animal carcinogenicity[3]
Antrafenine | 1984  | France  | Unspecific experimental toxicity[3]
Aprotinin (Trasylol)  | 2008  | US  | Increased risk of death[2]
Ardeparin (Normiflo)  | 2001  | US  | Withdrawn at the request of the NDA originator, "not for reason of safety or efficacy"[8][9]
Astemizole (Hismanal)  | 1999  | US, Malaysia, several nonspecified markets  | Fatal arrhythmia[2][3]
Azaribine | 1977  | US  | Thromboembolism[3]
Bendazac | 1993  | Spain  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Benoxaprofen (Oraflex, Opren)  | 1982  | Germany, Spain, UK, US  | Liver and kidney failure; gastrointestinal bleeding; ulcers[2][3]
Benzarone  | 1992  | Germany  | Hepatitis[3]
Benzbromarone | 2003  | European Union, UK  | Hepatotoxicity[10]
Benziodarone | 1964  | France, UK  | Jaundice[3]
Beta-ethoxy-lacetanilanide  | 1986  | Germany  | Renal toxicity, animal carcinogenicity[3]
Bezitramide | 2004  | Netherlands  | Risk of fatal overdose[11]
Bithionol | 1967  | US  | Dermatological toxicity[3]
Brotizolam | 1989  | UK  | Animal carcinogenicity[3]
Bromfenac | 1998  | US  | Severe hepatitis and liver failure (requiring transplantation)[2]
Bucetin | 1986  | Germany  | Kidney damage[3]
Buformin | 1978  | Germany  | Metabolic toxicity[3]
Bunamiodyl  | 1963  | Canada, UK, US  | Nephropathy[12]
Butamben (Efocaine)(Butoforme)  | 1964  | US  | Dermatological toxicity; psychiatric reactions[3]
Canrenone | 1986  | Germany  | Animal carcinogenicity[3]
Cerivastatin (Baycol, Lipobay)  | 2001  | US  | Risk of rhabdomyolysis[2]
Chlormadinone (Chlormenadione)  | 1970  | UK, US  | Animal carcinogenicity[3]
Chlormezanone (Trancopal)  | 1996  | European Union, US, South Africa, Japan  | Hepatotoxicity and Stevens–Johnson Syndrome[3]
Chlorphentermine | 1969  | Germany  | Cardiovascular toxicity[3]
Cianidanol  | 1985  | France, Germany, Spain, Sweden  | Haemolytic anaemia[3]
Cinepazide | 1988  | Spain  | Agranulocytosis[13][14]
Cisapride (Propulsid)  | 2000  | US  | Risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias[2]
Clioquinol | 1973  | France, Germany, UK, US  | Neurotoxicity[3]
Clobutinol | 2007  | Germany  | Ventricular arrhythmias, QT-interval prolongation[15]
Cloforex | 1969  | Germany  | Cardiovascular toxicity[3]
Clomacran | 1982  | UK  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Clometacin  | 1987  | France  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Co-proxamol (codeine + paracetamol; Distalgesic)  | 2004  | UK  | Risk of overdose
Cyclobarbital | 1980  | Norway  | Risk of overdose[3]
Cyclofenil | 1987  | France  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Dantron | 1963  | Canada, UK, US  | Mutagenic;[16] withdrawn from general use in the UK but permitted in terminal patients
Dexfenfluramine | 1997  | European Union, UK, US  | Cardiotoxic[3]
Propoxyphene (Darvocet/Darvon)  | 2010  | Worldwide  | Increased risk of heart attacks and stroke[17]
Diacetoxydiphenolisatin  | 1971  | Australia  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Diethylstilbestrol | 1970s  | US  | Carcinogen
Difemerine | 1986  | Germany  | Multi-organ toxicities[3]
Dihydrostreptomycin | 1970  | US  | Neuropsychiatric reactions[3]
Dilevalol  | 1990  | UK  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Dimazole (Diamthazole)  | 1972  | France, US  | Neuropsychiatric reactions[3]
Dimethylamylamine (DMAA)  | 1983  | US  | Voluntarily withdrawn from market by Lilly;[18]: 12 reintroduced as a dietary supplement in 2006;[18]: 13 in 2013 the FDA started work to ban it because of cardiovascular problems[19]
Dinoprostone  | 1990  | UK  | Uterine hypotonus, fetal distress[3]
Dipyrone (Metamizole)  | 1975  | UK, US, others  | Agranulocytosis, anaphylactic reactions[3]
Dithiazanine iodide | 1964  | France, US  | Cardiovascular and metabolic reactions[3]
Dofetilide | 2004  | Germany  | Drug-drug interactions, prolonged QT[15]
Drotrecogin alfa (Xigris)  | 2011  | Worldwide  | Lack of efficacy as shown in the PROWESS-SHOCK study[20][21][22]
Ebrotidine | 1998  | Spain  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Efalizumab (Raptiva)  | 2009  | Germany  | Increased risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy[15]
Encainide | 1991  | UK, US  | Ventricular arrhythmias[2][3]
Ethyl carbamate | 1963  | Canada, UK, US  | Carcinogen[23]
Etretinate | 1989  | France  | Teratogen[2][3]
Exifone  | 1989  | France  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Fen-phen (combination of fenfluramine \+ phentermine)  | 1997  |  | Cardiotoxicity
Fenclofenac | 1984  | UK  | Cutaneous reactions; animal carcinogenicity[3]
Fenfluramine | 1997  | European Union, UK, US, India, South Africa, others  | Cardiac valvular disease, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac fibrosis;[3][24] re-approved in June 2020 for treatment of seizures associated with Dravet syndrome, under FDA orphan drug rules
Fenoterol | 1990  | New Zealand  | Increased asthma mortality[3]
Feprazone | 1984  | Germany, UK  | Cutaneous reactions, multiorgan toxicity[3]
Fipexide | 1991  | France  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Flosequinan (Manoplax)  | 1993  | UK, US  | Increased mortality at higher doses; increased hospitalizations[2][3]
Flunitrazepam | 1991  | France  | Abuse[3]
Flupirtine | 2018  | European Union  | Liver toxicity[25]
Gatifloxacin | 2006  | US  | Increased risk of dysglycaemia[2]
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg)  | 2010  | US  | No improvement in clinical benefit; risk for death;[2] returned to market in 2017[26]
Glafenine | 1984  | France, Germany  | Anaphylaxis[3]
Grepafloxacin (Raxar)  | 1999  | Germany, UK, US, others  | Cardiac repolarization; QT interval prolongation[2]
Hydromorphone (Palladone, extended release version)  | 2005  |  | High risk of accidental overdose when extended release version (Palladone) administered with alcohol; standard hydromorphone is sold in most of the world, including the US
Ibufenac  | 1968  | UK  | Hepatotoxicity, jaundice[3]
Indalpine | 1985  | France  | Agranulocytosis[3]
Indoprofen | 1983  | Germany, Spain, UK  | Animal carcinogenicity, gastrointestinal toxicity[3]
Ingenol mebutate gel  | 2020  | Suspended in Europe  | Increased risk of skin cancers[27][28]
Iodinated casein strophantin  | 1964  | US  | Metabolic reactions[3]
Iproniazid | 1964  | Canada  | Interactions with food products containing tyrosine[29]
Isaxonine phosphate  | 1984  | France  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Isoxicam | 1983  | France, Germany, Spain, others  | Stevens–Johnson syndrome[3]
Kava kava (Piper methysticum)  | 2002  | Germany  | Hepatotoxicity[15]
Ketorolac | 1993  | France, Germany, others  | Haemorrhage, Kidney Failure[3]
L-tryptophan  | 1989  | Germany, UK  | Eosinophilic myalgia syndrome;[3] still sold in the US
Levamisole (Ergamisol)  | 1999  | US  | Still used as veterinary drug and as a human antihelminthic in many markets; listed on the WHO's List of Essential Medicines; in humans, it was used to treat melanoma before it was withdrawn because of agranulocytosis[30][31][32]
Levomethadyl acetate  | 2003  | US  | Cardiac arrhythmias and cardiac arrest[2]
Lorcaserin (Belviq)  | 2020  | US  | Increased risk of cancer[33]
Lumiracoxib (Prexige)  | 2007–2008  | Worldwide  | Liver damage
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)  | 1950s–1960s  |  | Marketed as a psychiatric drug; withdrawn after it became widely used recreationally; now illegal in most of the world
Mebanazine | 1975  | UK  | Hepatotoxicity, drug-drug interactions[3]
Methandrostenolone  | 1982  | France, Germany, UK, US, others  | Off-label abuse[3]
Methapyrilene | 1979  | Germany, UK, US  | Animal carcinogenicity[3]
Methaqualone | 1984  | South Africa (1971), India (1984), United Nations (1971–1988)  | Withdrawn because of risk of addiction and overdose[34][35]
Metipranolol | 1990  | UK, others  | Uveitis[3]
Metofoline | 1965  | US  | Unspecific experimental toxicity[3]
Mibefradil | 1998  | European Union, Malaysia, US, others  | Fatal arrhythmias, drug-drug interactions[2][3]
Minaprine | 1996  | France  | Convulsions[3]
Moxisylyte | 1993  | France  | Necrotic hepatitis[3]
Muzolimine | 1987  | France, Germany, European Union  | Polyneuropathy[3]
Natalizumab (Tysabri)  | 2005–2006  | US  | Voluntarily withdrawn from the US market because of a risk of Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML); returned to the market in July 2006
Nefazodone | 2004  | Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Canada[36][37][38] | Branded version withdrawn by the originator in several countries in 2007 because of hepatotoxicity; generic versions available; still available in the US
Nialamide | 1974  | UK, US  | Hepatotoxicity, drug -drug interactions[3]
Nikethamide | 1988  | Multiple markets  | CNS stimulation[3]
Nitrefazole  | 1984  | Germany  | Hepatic and haematological toxicity[3]
Nomifensine | 1981–1986  | France, Germany, Spain, UK, US, others  | Haemolytic anaemia, hepatotoxicity, serious hypersensitivity reactions[2][3]
Oxeladin | 1976  | Canada, UK, US (1976)  | Carcinogen[39]
Oxyphenbutazone | 1984–1985  | UK, US, Germany, France, Canada  | Bone marrow suppression, Stevens–Johnson syndrome[3][40][41]
Oxyphenisatin (Phenisatin)  | 1970s  | Australia, France, Germany, UK, US  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Ozogamicin  | 2010  | US  | No improvement in clinical benefit; risk of death; veno-occlusive disease[2]
Pemoline (Cylert)  | 1997  | Canada, UK  | Withdrawn in the US in 2005 because of hepatotoxicity[42][3]
Pentobarbital | 1980  | Norway  | Risk of fatal overdose[3]
Pentylenetetrazol | 1982  | US  | Withdrawn because of inability to produce effective convulsive therapy, and because it caused seizures
Pergolide (Permax)  | 2007  | US  | Risk of heart valve damage[2]
Perhexiline | 1985  | UK, Spain  | Neurological and hepatic toxicity[3]
Phenacetin | 1975  | Canada  | An ingredient in "APC" tablets (aspirin + phenacetin + caffeine); withdrawn because of risks of cancer and kidney disease[43] in Germany, Denmark, UK, US, and in others because of nephropathy[3]
Phenformin and Buformin | 1977  | France, Germany, US  | Severe lactic acidosis[3]
Phenolphthalein | 1997  | US  | Possible carcinogen[44]
Phenoxypropazine | 1966  | UK  | Hepatotoxicity, drug-drug interactions[3]
Phenylbutazone | 1985  | Germany  | Off-label abuse, haematological toxicity[3]
Phenylpropanolamine (Propagest, Dexatrim)  | 2000  | Canada, US  | Haemorrhagic stroke[45][46]
Pifoxime (=Pixifenide)  | 1976  | France  | Neuropsychiatric reactions[3]
Pirprofen | 1990  | France, Germany, Spain  | Liver toxicity.[3][13]: 223
Prenylamine | 1988  | Canada, France, Germany, UK, US, others  | Cardiac arrhythmias[47] and death[3]
Proglumide | 1989  | Germany  | Respiratory reactions[3]
Pronethalol | 1965  | UK  | Animal carcinogenicity[3]
Propanidid | 1983  | UK  | Allergy[3]
Proxibarbal  | 1998  | Spain, France, Italy, Portugal, Turkey  | Immunoallergic, thrombocytopenia[3]
Pyrovalerone | 1979  | France  | Abuse[3]
Ranitidine (Zantac)  | 2020  | Worldwide  | Found to spontaneously break down into the carcinogen N-nitrosodimethylamine
Rapacuronium (Raplon)  | 2001  | US, multiple markets  | Withdrawn in many countries because of the risk of fatal bronchospasm[2]
Remoxipride | 1993  | UK, others  | Aplastic anaemia[3]
Rhesus rotavirus vaccine-tetravalent (RotaShield)  | 1999  | US  | Withdrawn because of a risk of intussusception[48]
Rimonabant (Acomplia)  | 2008  | Worldwide  | Risk of severe depression and suicide[15]
Rofecoxib (Vioxx)  | 2004  | Worldwide  | Withdrawn by Merck & Co. because of the risks of myocardial infarction and stroke[2]
Rosiglitazone (Avandia)  | 2010  | Europe  | Risk of heart attacks and death; still available in the US
Secobarbital | 1990  | France, Norway, others[which?] | Risk of overdose[3]
Sertindole | 1998  | European Union  | Arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death[3][49]
Sibutramine (Reductil/Meridia)  | 2010  | Australia,[50] Canada,[51] China,[52] the European Union (EU),[53] Hong Kong,[54] India,[55] Mexico, New Zealand,[56] the Philippines,[57] Thailand,[58] the United Kingdom,[59] US[60] | Increased risk of heart attack and stroke[2]
Sitaxentan | 2010  | Germany  | Hepatotoxicity[15]
Sorivudine | 1993  | Japan  | Drug-drug interactions and deaths[61]
Sparfloxacin | 2001  | US  | QT interval prolongation and phototoxicity[2]
Sulfacarbamide  | 1988  | Germany  | Dermatological, hematological, and hepatic reactions[3]
Sulfamethoxydiazine  | 1988  | Germany  | Dermatological reactions
Sulfamethoxypyridazine | 1986  | UK  | Dermatological and haematological reactions[3]
Suloctidil | 1985  | Germany, France, Spain  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Suprofen | 1986–1987  | UK, Spain, US  | Kidney damage[2][3]
Tegaserod (Zelnorm)  | 2007  | US  | Risks of heart attack, stroke, and unstable angina;[2] was available through a restricted access programme until April 2008; returned to the market in 2019
Temafloxacin | 1992  | Germany, UK, US, others  | Low blood sugar; haemolytic anaemia; kidney, liver dysfunction; allergic reactions[2][3]
Temafloxacin | 1992  | US  | Allergic reactions and cases of haemolytic anaemia, leading to three deaths[2]
Temazepam (Restoril, Euhypnos, Normison, Remestan, Tenox, Norkotral)  | 1999  | Sweden, Norway  | Diversion, abuse, and a relatively high rate of overdose deaths compared with other drugs of its group; it is still available in most of the world, including the US, but under strict controls
Terfenadine (Seldane, Triludan)  | 1997–1998  | France, South Africa, Oman, US, others  | Prolonged QT interval; ventricular tachycardia[2][3]
Terodiline (Micturin)  | 1991  | Germany, UK, Spain, others  | Prolonged QT interval, ventricular tachycardia, and other arrhythmias[3]
Tetrazepam | 2013  | European Union  | Serious cutaneous reactions[62]
Thalidomide | 1961  | Germany  | Withdrawn because of risk of teratogenicity;[63] returned to the market for use in leprosy and multiple myeloma under FDA orphan drug rules
Thenalidine | 1963  | Canada, UK, US  | Neutropenia[3][64]
Thiobutabarbital  | 1993  | Germany  | Kidney damage[3]
Thioridazine (Melleril)  | 2005  | Germany, UK  | Withdrawn worldwide because of severe cardiac arrhythmias;[65][66] still available in Russia
Ticrynafen (Tienilic acid)  | 1980  | Germany, France, UK, US, others  | Liver toxicity and death[3]
Tolcapone (Tasmar)  | 1998  | European Union, Canada, Australia  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Tolrestat (Alredase)  | 1996  | Argentina, Canada, Italy, others  | Severe hepatotoxicity[3]
Triacetyldiphenolisatin  | 1971  | Australia  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Triazolam | 1991  | France, Netherlands, Finland, Argentina, UK, others  | Psychiatric adverse drug reactions, amnesia[3][67]
Triparanol | 1962  | France, US  | Cataracts, alopecia, ichthyosis[3]
Troglitazone (Rezulin)  | 2000  | Germany, US  | Hepatotoxicity[2]
Trovafloxacin (Trovan)  | 1999–2001  | European Union, US  | Withdrawn because of risk of liver failure[2][3]
Valdecoxib (Bextra)  | 2004  | US  | Risk of heart attack and stroke[2]
Vincamine | 1987  | Germany  | Haematological toxicity[3]
Xenazoic acid  | 1965  | France  | Hepatotoxicity[3]
Ximelagatran (Exanta)  | 2006  | Germany  | Hepatotoxicity[15]
Zimeldine | 1983  | Worldwide  | Risk of Guillain–Barré syndrome, hypersensitivity reactions, hepatotoxicity;[3][68][69] banned worldwide.[70]
Zomepirac | 1983  | UK, Germany, Spain, US  | Anaphylactic reactions and non-fatal allergic reactions; kidney failure[2][3]

## See also

* Adverse drug reaction
* Adverse events
* European Medicines Agency
* Food and Drug Administration

## References

1. ↑ Branch, Government of Canada, Health Canada, Public Affairs, Consultation and Communications. "Health Canada – Home Page". http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/english/protection/warnings/2005/2005_01.html.
2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 Qureshi, ZP; Seoane-Vazquez, E; Rodriguez-Monguio, R; Stevenson, KB; Szeinbach, SL (July 2011). "Market withdrawal of new molecular entities approved in the United States from 1980 to 2009.". Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 20 (7): 772–7. doi:10.1002/pds.2155. PMID 21574210.
3. ↑ 3.000 3.001 3.002 3.003 3.004 3.005 3.006 3.007 3.008 3.009 3.010 3.011 3.012 3.013 3.014 3.015 3.016 3.017 3.018 3.019 3.020 3.021 3.022 3.023 3.024 3.025 3.026 3.027 3.028 3.029 3.030 3.031 3.032 3.033 3.034 3.035 3.036 3.037 3.038 3.039 3.040 3.041 3.042 3.043 3.044 3.045 3.046 3.047 3.048 3.049 3.050 3.051 3.052 3.053 3.054 3.055 3.056 3.057 3.058 3.059 3.060 3.061 3.062 3.063 3.064 3.065 3.066 3.067 3.068 3.069 3.070 3.071 3.072 3.073 3.074 3.075 3.076 3.077 3.078 3.079 3.080 3.081 3.082 3.083 3.084 3.085 3.086 3.087 3.088 3.089 3.090 3.091 3.092 3.093 3.094 3.095 3.096 3.097 3.098 3.099 3.100 3.101 3.102 3.103 3.104 3.105 3.106 3.107 3.108 3.109 3.110 3.111 3.112 Fung, M.; Thornton, A.; Mybeck, K.; Wu, J. H.-h.; Hornbuckle, K.; Muniz, E. (1 January 2001). "Evaluation of the Characteristics of Safety Withdrawal of Prescription Drugs from Worldwide Pharmaceutical Markets-1960 to 1999". Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science 35 (1): 293–317. doi:10.1177/009286150103500134.
4. ↑ "WHO Drug Information Vol. 8, No. 2, 1994, page 64". http://whqlibdoc.who.int/druginfo/DRUG_INFO_8_2_1994.pdf.
5. ↑ Berson, A (2001). "Toxicity of alpidem, a peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligand, but not zolpidem, in rat hepatocytes: role of mitochondrial permeability transition and metabolic activation". J Pharmacol Exp Ther 299 (2): 793–800. doi:10.1016/S0022-3565(24)29292-2. PMID 11602696. http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/299/2/793.full.pdf.
6. ↑ Grady, Denise (2002-06-08). "U.S. Lets Drug Tied to Deaths Back on Market" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/08/us/us-lets-drug-tied-to-deaths-back-on-market.html.
7. ↑ DrugBank. "Amineptine". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04836.
8. ↑ "Determination That Ardeparin Sodium Injection Was Not Withdrawn From Sale for Reasons of Safety or Effectiveness". 2002-05-23. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2002/05/23/02-12874/determination-that-ardeparin-sodium-injection-was-not-withdrawn-from-sale-for-reasons-of-safety-or.
9. ↑ "FDA Response to Citizen Request re Ardeparin". https://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/98fr/052302b.htm.
10. ↑ "A benefit-risk assessment of benzbromarone in the treatment of gout. Was its withdrawal from the market in the best interest of patients?". Drug Safety 31 (8): 643–65. 2008. doi:10.2165/00002018-200831080-00002. PMID 18636784.
11. ↑ DrugBank. "Bezitramide". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01459.
12. ↑ DrugBank. "Bunamiodyl". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04814.
13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 WHO. Consolidated List of Products – Whose Consumption and/or Sale Have Been Banned, Withdrawn, Severely Restricted or Not Approved by Governments, Twelfth Issue – Pharmaceuticals . United Nations – New York, 2005
14. ↑ Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat Consolidated List of Products Whose Consumption and/or Sale Have Been Banned, Withdrawn, Severely Restricted or not Approved by Governments Twelfth Issue: Pharmaceuticals United Nations – New York, 2005
15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 Schubert-Zsilavecz, Manfred (2011). "Arzneimittelrücknahmen Rückrufe im Rückblick". Pharmazeutische Zeitung (German). http://www.pharmazeutische-zeitung.de/index.php?id=38778.
16. ↑ DrugBank. "Dantron". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04816.
17. ↑ "Press Announcements – Xanodyne agrees to withdraw propoxyphene from the U.S. market". https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm234350.htm.
18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Col John Lammie et al. Report of the Department Of Defense: 1,3 Dimethylamylamine (Dmaa) Safety Review Panel June 3, 2013
19. ↑ FDA. "Stimulant Potentially Dangerous to Health, FDA Warns". https://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm347270.htm.
20. ↑ Drotrecogin Alfa (Activated) in Adults with Septic Shock  , N Engl J Med 2012; 366:2055–2064, May 31, 2012, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1202290
21. ↑ "Xigris (drotrecogin alfa (activated)) to be withdrawn due to lack of efficacy". Press release. London, UK: European Medicines Agency. 25 October 2011. http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/news_and_events/news/2011/10/news_detail_001373.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058004d5c1.
22. ↑ Armstrong, Drew (25 October 2011). "Lilly Pulls Xigris Off Markets After Sepsis Drug Fails Study". http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-10-25/lilly-pulls-xigris-off-markets-after-sepsis-drug-fails-study.html.
23. ↑ DrugBank. "Ethyl carbamate". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04827.
24. ↑ DrugBank. "Fenfluramine". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00574.
25. ↑ "Withdrawal of pain medicine flupirtine endorsed". http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/news_and_events/news/2018/03/news_detail_002930.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058004d5c1.
26. ↑ FDA. "FDA approves Mylotarg for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia". https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-mylotarg-treatment-acute-myeloid-leukemia.
27. ↑ European medicines Agency. "EMA suspends Picato as a precaution while review of skin cancer risk continues". https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/referral/picato-article-20-referral-ema-suspends-picato-precaution-while-review-skin-cancer-risk-continues_en.pdf.
28. ↑ "Ingenol mebutate gel (Picato▼): Increased incidence of skin tumours seen in some clinical studies". https://www.gov.uk/drug-safety-update/ingenol-mebutate-gel-picato-increased-incidence-of-skin-tumours-seen-in-some-clinical-studies.
29. ↑ DrugBank. "Iproniazid". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04818.
30. ↑ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (December 2009). "Agranulocytosis associated with cocaine use – four States, March 2008 – November 2009". Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 58 (49): 1381–5. PMID 20019655. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5849a3.htm.
31. ↑ Nancy Y Zhu; Donald F. LeGatt; A Robert Turner (February 2009). "Agranulocytosis After Consumption of Cocaine Adulterated With Levamisole". Annals of Internal Medicine 150 (4): 287–289. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-4-200902170-00102. PMID 19153405.
32. ↑ Kinzie, Erik (April 2009). "Levamisole Found in Patients Using Cocaine". Annals of Emergency Medicine 53 (4): 546–7. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.10.017. PMID 19303517. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/article/body/154945316-2/jorg=journal&source=&sp=21877276&sid=0/N/691072/1.html?issn=01960644. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
33. ↑ FDA (13 February 2020). "FDA requests the withdrawal of the weight-loss drug Belviq, Belviq XR (lorcaserin) from the market". FDA. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-requests-withdrawal-weight-loss-drug-belviq-belviq-xr-lorcaserin-market. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
34. ↑ Central Drugs Standard Control Organization. "Drugs Banned In India". Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. http://cdsco.nic.in/html/drugsbanned.html.
35. ↑ "Drug Effects – Methaqualone". South African Police Service. http://www.saps.gov.za/drugs/meth.htm.
36. ↑ Cosgrove-Mather, Bootie (December 5, 2007). "Anti-Depressant Taken Off Market". CBS NEWS. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/anti-depressant-taken-off-market/.
37. ↑ Babai, S; Auclert, L; Le-Louët, H (November 2021). "Safety data and withdrawal of hepatotoxic drugs.". Therapie 76 (6): 715–723. doi:10.1016/j.therap.2018.02.004. PMID 29609830.
38. ↑ Lexchin, Joel (15 March 2005). "Drug withdrawals from the Canadian market for safety reasons, 1963–2004" (in en). Canadian Medical Association Journal 172 (6): 765–767. doi:10.1503/cmaj.045021. PMID 15767610. PMC 552890. https://www.cmaj.ca/content/172/6/765. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
39. ↑ DrugBank. "Oxeladin". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04822.
40. ↑ DrugBank. "Oxyphenbutazone". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB03585.
41. ↑ Biron, P (15 May 1986). "Withdrawal of oxyphenbutazone: what about phenylbutazone?". CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal 134 (10): 1119–20. PMID 3697857.
42. ↑ DrugBank. "Pemoline". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01230.
43. ↑ DrugBank. "Phenacetin". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB03783.
44. ↑ Wysowski, Diane K.; Swartz, L (2005). "Adverse Drug Event Surveillance and Drug Withdrawals in the United States, 1969–2002: The Importance of Reporting Suspected Reactions". Archives of Internal Medicine 165 (12): 1363–9. doi:10.1001/archinte.165.12.1363. PMID 15983284.
45. ↑ Commissioner, Office of the. "Safety Alerts for Human Medical Products – Phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride (PPA)". https://www.fda.gov/safety/medwatch/safetyinformation/safetyalertsforhumanmedicalproducts/ucm172959.htm.
46. ↑ DrugBank. "Phenylpropanolamine". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00397.
47. ↑ DrugBank. "Prenylamine". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04825.
48. ↑ "Withdrawal of Rotavirus Vaccine Recommendation". https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a5.htm.
49. ↑ DrugBank. "Sertindole". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB06144.
50. ↑ "Sibutramine (brand name Reductil) Information – Australia". Abbott Laboratories. 2010. http://sibutramine.com/australia/en-au/.
51. ↑ Health Canada Endorsed Important Safety Information on MERIDIA (Sibutramine Hydrochloride Monohydrate) : Subject: Voluntary withdrawal of Meridia (sibutramine) capsules from the Canadian market.
52. ↑ "Notification of Termination of Production, Sale, and Usage of Sibutramine Preparations and Their Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient". sda.gov in People's Republic of China. October 30, 2010. http://www.sda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0195/55333.html.
53. ↑ Script error: The function "in_lang" does not exist. Sibutramin-Vertrieb in der Europäischen Union ausgesetzt [1]. Abbott Laboratories in Germany. Press Release 2010-01-21. Retrieved 2010-01-27
54. ↑ "De-registration of pharmaceutical products containing sibutramine" (Press release). info.gov in Hong Kong. November 2, 2010. Archived from the original on October 21, 2011. Retrieved 2010-11-08.
55. ↑ "Banned Medicines" (Press release). Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. February 10, 2011. Archived from the original on July 23, 2012. Retrieved 2011-03-15.
56. ↑ "Withdrawal of Sibutramine (Reductil) in New Zealand" (Press release). MedSafe in New Zealand. October 11, 2010. Archived from the original on October 14, 2012. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
57. ↑ "FDA warns online sellers of banned slimming pills". January 12, 2014. http://business.inquirer.net/159883/fda-warns-online-sellers-of-banned-slimming-pills.
58. ↑ "Thai FDA reveals voluntary withdrawal of sibutramine from the Thai market" (PDF) (Press release). Food and Drug Administration of Thailand. October 20, 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 11, 2011. Retrieved 2010-12-22.
59. ↑ "Top obesity drug sibutramine being suspended". BBC News. 2010-01-22. https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/8473555.stm.
60. ↑ Rockoff, Jonathan D.; Dooren, Jennifer Corbett (October 8, 2010). "Abbott Pulls Diet Drug Meridia Off US Shelves". The Wall Street Journal. https://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20101008-710904.html.
61. ↑ H. Gurdon: Japan bans shingles drug after deaths BMJ 1994;309:627
62. ↑ Paar, W.D; Müller-Jakic. "Ruhen der Zulassung Tetrazepam haltiger Arzneimittel in der EU (German)". Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH. http://www.akdae.de/Arzneimittelsicherheit/RHB/20130624.pdf.
63. ↑ Luippold, Gerd (2006). "Renaissance des Contergan-Wirkstoffs". Pharmazeutische Zeitung (German). http://www.pharmazeutische-zeitung.de/index.php?id=586.
64. ↑ Drugbank. "Thenalidine". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04826.
65. ↑ Purhonen, M; Koponen, H; Tiihonen, J; Tanskanen, A (November 2012). "Outcome of patients after market withdrawal of thioridazine: A retrospective analysis in a nationwide cohort". Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 21 (11): 1227–1231. doi:10.1002/pds.3346. PMID 22941581.
66. ↑ "SHARED CARE PROTOCOL Thioridazine". NHS Lothian Joint Formulary. March 2012. http://www.ljf.scot.nhs.uk/SharedCareofMedicines/Shared Care Agreements/SCA/SCA Thioridazine v1 0 Final.pdf.
67. ↑ DrugBank. "Triazolam". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00897.
68. ↑ Fagius, J.; Osterman, P. O.; Sidén, A.; Wiholm, B. E. (1985). "Guillain-Barré syndrome following zimeldine treatment". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 48 (1): 65–69. doi:10.1136/jnnp.48.1.65. PMID 3156214.
69. ↑ Pubchem record says "withdrawn in 1983"
70. ↑ DrugBank. "Zimelidine". http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04832.

## External links

* CDER Report to the Nation: 2005 Has a list of US withdrawals through 2005.

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