Pyriform sinus

Short description: Fossa involved in speech

Pyriform sinus

Pyriform sinus, a part of hypopharynx

The entrance to the larynx, viewed from behind, with Pyriform sinus labeled at bottom left.

Details
Identifiers
Latin| recessus piriformis, sinus piriformis
Anatomical terminology

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The pyriform sinus (also piriform recess, piriform sinus, piriform fossa, or smuggler's fossa) is a small recess on either side of the laryngeal inlet. It is bounded medially by the aryepiglottic fold, and laterally by the thyroid cartilage and thyrohyoid membrane.[1] The fossae are involved in speech.

## Contents

* 1 Etymology
* 2 Anatomy
* 2.1 Relations
* 3 Clinical significance
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Etymology

The term "pyriform," which means "pear-shaped," is also sometimes spelled "piriform".[citation needed]

The term smuggler's fossa comes from its use for smuggling of small items.[2]

## Anatomy

### Relations

Deep to the mucous membrane of the pyriform fossa lie the recurrent laryngeal nerve as well as the internal laryngeal nerve, a branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.[3] The internal laryngeal nerve supplies sensation to the area, and it may become damaged if the mucous membrane is inadvertently punctured. The pyriform sinus is a subsite of the hypopharynx. This distinction is important for head and neck cancer staging and treatment.[4]

## Clinical significance

This sinus is a common place for food particles to become trapped; if foreign material becomes lodged in the piriform fossa of an infant, it may be retrieved nonsurgically. If the area is injured (e.g., by a fish bone), it can give the sensation of food stuck in the subject's throat.[2]

Remnants of the pharyngeal pouches III and IV may extent to the piriform sinus as sinus tracts which are sometimes imprecisely called "fistulas".[5][6] This can result in acute infectious thyroiditis which is more common on the left side of the neck.[7]

## References

1. ↑ Standring, Susan (2020). Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (42nd ed.). New York. pp. 709. ISBN 978-0-7020-7707-4. OCLC 1201341621. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1201341621.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Singh, Vishram (4 March 2014). Textbook of Anatomy Head, Neck, and Brain;. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 203. ISBN 978-81-312-3627-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=bNTgAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA203.
3. ↑ Moore, K.L., & Agur, A.M.R (2007). Essential Clinical Anatomy: Third Edition. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-6274-8
4. ↑ AJCC Cancer Staging Handbook: From the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, Sixth Edition. Ed. Frederick L. Greene, M.D. page 48.
5. ↑ Koch, Bernadette L.; Hamilton, Bronwyn E.; Hudgins, Patricia A.; Harnsberger, H. Ric (22 November 2016). Diagnostic Imaging: Head and Neck E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 611. ISBN 978-0-323-44314-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=wgCRDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA611.
6. ↑ Lucente, Frank E.; Har-El, Gady (2004). Essentials of Otolaryngology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 281–2. ISBN 978-0-7817-4707-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=m1uW6zW6BvgC&pg=PA281.
7. ↑ Gorbach, Sherwood L.; Bartlett, John G.; Blacklow, Neil R. (2004). Infectious Diseases. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 462. ISBN 978-0-7817-3371-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=91altE1evAsC&pg=PA462.

## External links

* Anatomy photo:31:17-0105 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Pharynx: The Laryngopharynx"

* v
* t
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Anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract, excluding the mouth

Upper|

| Pharynx|

* Muscles
* Spaces
* peripharyngeal
* retropharyngeal
* parapharyngeal
* retrovisceral
* danger
* prevertebral
* Pterygomandibular raphe
* Pharyngeal raphe
* Buccopharyngeal fascia
* Pharyngobasilar fascia
* Piriform sinus

|

Esophagus|

* Sphincters
* upper
* lower
* glands

Stomach|

* Curvatures
* greater
* lesser
* Angular incisure
* Cardia
* Body
* Fundus
* Pylorus
* antrum
* canal
* sphincter
* Gastric mucosa
* Gastric folds
* Microanatomy
* Gastric pits
* Gastric glands
* Cardiac glands
* Fundic glands
* Pyloric glands
* Foveolar cell
* Parietal cell
* Gastric chief cell
* Enterochromaffin-like cell

Lower|

| Small intestine|

| Microanatomy|

* Intestinal villus
* Intestinal gland
* Enterocyte
* Enteroendocrine cell
* Goblet cell
* Paneth cell

|

Duodenum|

* Suspensory muscle
* Major duodenal papilla
* Minor duodenal papilla
* Duodenojejunal flexure
* Brunner's glands

Jejunum|

* No substructures

Ileum|

* Ileocecal valve
* Peyer's patches
* Microfold cell

Large intestine|

| Cecum|

* Appendix

|

Colon|

* Ascending colon
* Hepatic flexure
* Transverse colon
* Splenic flexure
* Descending colon
* Sigmoid colon
* Continuous
* taenia coli
* haustra
* epiploic appendix

Rectum|

* Transverse folds
* Ampulla

Anal canal|

* Anus
* Anal columns
* Anal valves
* Anal sinuses
* Pectinate line
* Internal anal sphincter
* Intersphincteric groove
* External anal sphincter

Wall|

* Serosa / Adventitia
* Subserosa
* Muscular layer
* Submucosa
* Circular folds
* Mucosa
* Muscularis mucosa

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