Specific developmental disorder

Specialty| Psychiatry

Specific developmental disorders (SDD) was a classification of disorders characterized by delayed development in one specific area or areas.[1][2][3][4] Specific developmental disorders were contrasted to pervasive developmental disorders[4] which were characterized by delays in the development of multiple basic functions including socialization and communication.[5]

## Contents

* 1 ICD-10 taxonomy
* 2 DSM-III taxonomy
* 3 Comparison and conditions
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## ICD-10 taxonomy

The tenth revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) has four categories of developmental disorders: specific developmental disorders of speech and language, specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills, specific developmental disorder of motor function, and mixed specific developmental disorder.[2][6]

## DSM-III taxonomy

In the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III),[7] SDD was opposed to the pervasive developmental disorders (PDD). There were two factors that were considered:

* The specificity of the impairment: in SDD there is one single domain that is affected, whereas in PDD multiple areas of functioning are affected.[8]
* The nature of the impairment: development in SDD is delayed but not otherwise abnormal, whereas in PDD there are behavioral deviations that are not typical for any developmental stage.[8]

In the DSM-IV, specific developmental disorders were no longer grouped together.[9] Instead they were reclassified as communication disorders, learning disorders, and motor skills disorders.[3]

## Comparison and conditions

ICD-10[10] | DSM-IV-TR[11] | ICD-11[12]

|
|

Specific developmental disorders of speech and language (F80):

* Specific speech articulation disorder (F80.0)
* Expressive language disorder (F80.1)
* Receptive language disorder (F80.2)
* Acquired aphasia with epilepsy Landau–Kleffner syndrome (F80.3)
* Other developmental disorders of speech and language (F80.8)
* Developmental disorder of speech and language, unspecified (F80.9)

Communication disorders:

* Expressive Language Disorder (315.31)
* Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder (315.32)
* Phonological Disorder (315.39)
* Stuttering (307.0)
* Communication Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (307.9)

Developmental Speech & Language Disorders (6A01):

* Developmental speech sound disorder (6A01.0)
* Developmental speech fluency disorder (6A01.1)
* Developmental language disorder (6A01.2)
* Developmental language disorder with impairment of receptive and expressive language (6A01.20)
* Developmental language disorder with impairment of mainly expressive language (6A01.21)
* Developmental language disorder with impairment of mainly pragmatic language (6A01.22)
* Developmental language disorder, with other specified language impairment (6A01.23)
* Other specified developmental speech or language disorders (6A01.Y)
* Developmental speech or language disorders, unspecified (6A01.Z)

Specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills (F81):

* Specific reading disorder (F81.0)
* Specific spelling disorder (F81.1)
* Specific disorder of arithmetical skills (F81.2)
* Mixed disorder of scholastic skills (F81.3)
* Other disorders of scholastic skills (F81.8)
* Developmental disorder of scholastic skills, unspecified (F81.9)

Learning disorders:

* Reading Disorder (315.0)
* Mathematics Disorder (315.1)
* Disorder of Written Expression (315.2)
* Learning Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (315.9)

Developmental learning disorder (6A03):

* Developmental learning disorder with impairment in reading (6A03.0)
* Developmental learning disorder with impairment in written expression (6A03.1)
* Developmental learning disorder with impairment in mathematics (6A03.2)
* Developmental learning disorder with other specified impairment of learning (6A03.3)
* Developmental learning disorder, unspecified (6A03.Z)

* Specific developmental disorder of motor function (F82)

Motor skills disorders:

* Developmental coordination disorder (315.4)

Developmental motor coordination disorder (6A04)

* Mixed specific developmental disorder (F83)

## See also

* Developmental disability
* Global developmental delay

## References

1. ↑ Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association. 2013.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 The Icd-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines.. Geneva: World Health Organization. 1992.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ahuja Vyas: Textbook of Postgraduate Psychiatry (2 Vols.), 2nd ed. 1999
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Medical Definition of Specific developmental disorder". https://www.medicinenet.com/specific_developmental_disorder/definition.htm.
5. ↑ "Pervasive Developmental Disorders Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)". http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/pdd/pdd.htm.
6. ↑ "ICD-10 Version:2010". https://icd.who.int/browse10/2010/en#/F80.
7. ↑ Dennis Cantwell & Lorian Baker: Developmental Speech and Language Disorders, 1987, page 4
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Sir Michael Rutter, Eric A. Taylor: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 4th ed. 2005
9. ↑ Robert Jean Campbell, III: Campbell's Psychiatric Dictionary, 2003, page 184
10. ↑ http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en#/F80 Reference for all ICD-10 disorders mentioned in the table.
11. ↑ http://behavenet.com/apa-diagnostic-classification-dsm-iv-tr#301 Reference for all DSM-IV-TR disorders mentioned in the table.
12. ↑ https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en#/http://id.who.int/icd/entity/334423054 Reference for all ICD-11 disorders mentioned in the table

## External links

Classification|

* ICD-10: F80, F81, F82, F83
* ICD-9-CM: 307, 315

|

* v
* t
* e

Dyslexia and related specific developmental disorders (F80–F83, 315)

General
conditions|

| Speech and
language
impairment,
communication
disorder|

* Expressive language disorder
* Infantile speech
* Landau–Kleffner syndrome
* Language disorder
* Lisp
* Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder
* Specific language impairment
* Speech and language impairment
* Speech disorder
* Speech error
* Speech sound disorder
* Stammering
* Tip of the tongue

|

Scholastic skills,
learning disorder|

* Developmental dyslexia
* Dyscalculia
* Dysgraphia (Disorder of written expression)

Motor function|

* Developmental coordination disorder
* Developmental verbal dyspraxia also known as Childhood apraxia of speech

Other|

* Auditory processing disorder
* Sensory processing disorder

Related
topics|

* Dyslexia research
* Irlen filters
* Learning Ally
* Learning problems in childhood cancer
* Literacy
* Management of dyslexia
* Multisensory integration
* Neuropsychology
* Reading acquisition
* Spelling
* Writing system

Lists|

* Dyslexia in fiction
* Languages by Writing System
* People with dyslexia

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