Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics

Short description: European Union standard for country subdivisions

A diagram of the three main divisions of the NUTS system developed by Eurostat

Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (French: Nomenclature des unités territoriales statistiques; NUTS) is a geocode standard for referencing the administrative divisions of countries for statistical purposes.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The standard, adopted in 2003,[8] is developed and regulated by the European Union, and thus only covers the EU member states in detail. The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics is instrumental in the European Union's Structural Funds and Cohesion Fund delivery mechanisms and for locating the area where goods and services subject to European public procurement legislation are to be delivered.

For each EU member country, a hierarchy of three NUTS levels is established by Eurostat in agreement with each member state; the subdivisions in some levels do not necessarily correspond to administrative divisions within the country. A NUTS code begins with a two-letter code referencing the country, as abbreviated in the European Union's Interinstitutional Style Guide.[9] The subdivision of the country is then referred to with one number. A second or third subdivision level is referred to with another number each. Each numbering starts with 1, as 0 is used for the upper level. Where the subdivision has more than nine entities, capital letters are used to continue the numbering. Below the three NUTS levels are local administrative units (LAUs). A similar statistical system is defined for the candidate countries and members of the European Free Trade Association, but they are not part of NUTS governed by the regulations.

The current NUTS classification, dated 21 November 2016 and effective from 1 January 2018 (now updated to current members as of 2020[update]), lists 92 regions at NUTS 1, 244 regions at NUTS 2, 1215 regions at NUTS 3 level, and 99,387 local administrative units (LAUs).[10][11]

## Contents

* 1 National structures
* 1.1 Member states
* 1.2 Candidate countries
* 1.3 EFTA countries
* 1.4 Former EU member state
* 2 Maps
* 3 Establishment
* 4 Examples
* 5 See also
* 6 Notes
* 7 References
* 8 External links

## National structures

Not all countries have every level of division, depending on their size. For example, Luxembourg and Cyprus only have local administrative units (LAUs); the three NUTS divisions each correspond to the entire country itself.

### Member states

Countries  | NUTS 1  | NUTS 2  | NUTS 3  | Local administrative units (LAU)

|
|
|
|

Member State  | 27  |  | 92  |  | 240  |  | 1,164  |  | 92,054
Austria  | AT  | Groups of states  | 3  | States  | 9  | Groups of districts  | 35  | Municipalities (Gemeinden)  | 2,093
Belgium  | BE  | Regions  | 3  | Provinces (+ Brussels)  | 11  | Arrondissements (Verviers split into two)  | 44  | Municipalities (gemeenten / communes)  | 581
Bulgaria  | BG  | Regions  | 2  | Planning regions  | 6  | Oblasts  | 28  | Municipalities (общини, obshtini)  | 265
Croatia  | HR  | —  | 1  | Regions  | 4  | Counties (županije) + Zagreb | 21  | Municipalities (općine)  | 556
Cyprus  | CY  | —  | 1  | —  | 1  | —  | 1  | Municipalities, communities (δήμοι, κοινότητες, dimoi, koinotites)  | 615
Czech Republic  | CZ  | —  | 1  | Statistical areas  | 8  | Administrative regions (kraje)  | 14  | Municipalities (obce)  | 6,254
Denmark  | DK  | —  | 1  | Regions (Regioner)  | 5  | Provinces (Landsdele)  | 11  | Municipalities (kommuner) and 1 unincorporated area  | 99
Estonia  | EE  | —  | 1  | —  | 1  | Groups of counties  | 5  | Municipalities (Vald, linn)  | 79
Finland  | FI  | Mainland Finland, Åland  | 2  | Large areas (Suuralueet / Storområden)  | 5  | Regions (Maakunnat / Landskap)  | 19  | Municipalities (kunnat / kommuner)  | 309
France  | FR  | Regions + DOM  | 14  | Former regions (1982–2015) + DOM  | 27  | Departments + DOM  | 101  | Communes  | 34,965
Germany  | DE  | States (Bundesland)  | 16  | Inconsistent, some whole States (Bundesland), some Government regions (Regierungsbezirk) (or equivalent, or dissolved)  | 38  | Districts (Kreis)  | 400  | Municipalities (Gemeinden)  | 10,775
Greece  | EL[lower-alpha 1] | Groups of development regions  | 4  | Regions  | 13  | Prefectures  | 51  | Municipal districts/Community districts
(δημοτικό διαμέρισμα, κοινότικο διαμέρισμα, demotiko diamerisma, koinotiko diamerisma)  | 6,133
Hungary  | HU  | Statistical large regions (statisztikai nagyrégiók)  | 3  | Planning and statistical regions (tervezési-statisztikai régió)  | 8  | Counties (vármegye) + Budapest | 20  | Settlements (települések)  | 3,155
Ireland  | IE  | —  | 1  | Regions  | 3  | Regional Authority Regions  | 8  | Local electoral areas  | 166
Italy  | IT  | Groups of regions  | 5  | Regions (Trentino-Alto Adige split into two)  | 21  | Provinces

Metropolitan Cities

| 107  | Municipalities (comuni)  | 7,904
Latvia  | LV  | —  | 1  | —  | 1  | Statistical regions  | 6  | Municipalities, state cities (valstspilsētas, novadi)  | 43
Lithuania  | LT  | —  | 1  | Vidurio ir vakarų Lietuvos regionas, Sostinės regionas  | 2  | Counties  | 10  | Municipalities (savivaldybės)  | 60
Luxembourg  | LU  | —  | 1  | —  | 1  | —  | 1  | Communes (French: communes, German: Gemeinden, Luxembourgish: Gemengen)  | 102
Malta  | MT  | —  | 1  | —  | 1  | Islands  | 2  | Local councils (kunsilli)  | 68
Netherlands  | NL  | Groups of provinces  | 4  | Provinces  | 12  | COROP regions  | 40  | Municipalities (gemeenten)  | 342
Poland  | PL  | Macroregions (Makroregiony)  | 7  | Voivodeships + Warsaw metro  | 17  | Subregions (Podregiony)  | 73  | Municipalities (gminy)  | 2,477
Portugal  | PT  | Continent + Azores + Madeira  | 3  | Statistical regions + autonomous regions  | 7  | Groups of municipalities  | 25  | Municipalities (concelhos)  | 308
Romania  | RO  | Macroregions  | 4  | Regions  | 8  | Counties + Bucharest | 42  | Communes + Municipalities + Cities (comune + municipii + orașe)  | 3,181
Slovakia  | SK  | —  | 1  | Oblasts  | 4  | Regions (Kraje)  | 8  | Municipalities (obce)  | 2,891
Slovenia  | SI  | —  | 1  | Macroregions  | 2  | Statistical regions  | 12  | Municipalities (občine)  | 212
Spain  | ES  | Groups of autonomous communities  | 7  | 17 Autonomous communities and 2 autonomous cities  | 19  | Provinces + Islands + Ceuta and Melilla  | 59  | Municipalities (municipios)  | 8,131
Sweden  | SE  | Regions (Grupper av riksområden)  | 3  | National Areas (Riksområde)  | 8  | Counties (Län)  | 21  | Municipalities (kommuner)  | 290

### Candidate countries

Country  | NUTS 1  | NUTS 2  | NUTS 3  | LAU 1  | LAU 2

|
|
|
|
|

Candidate countries  | 7  |  | 26  |  | 65  |  | 275  |  | 2,708  |  | 77,899
Albania  | AL  | —  | 1  | Regions (non-administrative)  | 3  | Counties  | 12  | –  | –  | Municipalities (komunë) / Communes (bashki / komunë)  | 373
Moldova  | MD  | –  | 1  | Western part (the right side of Dniester) and Eastern part (left side of Dniester).  | 2  | Statistical regions  | 6  | Districts of Moldova (known locally as Level 2 Local Public Administrations/LPAs)  | 37  | Level 1 Local Public Administrations/LPAs  | 893
Montenegro  | ME  | —  | 1  | —  | 1  | Statistical regions  | 3  | Municipalities (општине, opštine)  | 24  | Settlements (насеља, naselja)  | 1,256
North Macedonia  | MK  | —  | 1  | —  | 1  | Statistical regions  | 8  | Municipalities (општини, opštini)  | 84  | Settlements (населени места, naseleni mesta)  | 1,776
Serbia  | RS  | Groups of regions  | 2  | Regions  | 5  | Districts  | 29  | Municipalities (општине и градови, opštine i gradovi)  | 174  | Settlements (насељена места, naseljena mesta)  | 6,155
Ukraine  | UA  | Macroregions  | 8  | Regions  | 27  | Raions  | 138  | Hromadas  | 1469  | Starosta okruhs (старостинські округи, starostynski okruhy) + Settlements (населені пункти, naseleni punkty)  | 29,831
Turkey  | TR  | Regions  | 12  | 26  | Provinces (iller)  | 81  | Districts (ilçeler)  | 923  | Municipalities (belediyeler)  | 37,675

### EFTA countries

Country  | NUTS 1 | NUTS 2  | NUTS 3  | \-  | LAU

|
|
|
|
|

EFTA countries | 4  |  | 4  |  | 16  |  | 48  |  | 122  |  | 2,567
Switzerland  | CH  | —  | 1  | Regions  | 7  | Cantons  | 26  |  |  | Municipalities (German: Gemeinden, Einwohnergemeinden and politische Gemeinden; French: communes; Italian: comuni; Romansh: vischnancas)  | 2,136
Iceland  | IS  | —  | 1  | —  | 1  | Capital Region / Rest of country  | 2  | Regions (landshlutar)  | 8  | Municipalities (sveitarfélag)  | 64
Liechtenstein  | LI  | —  | 1  | —  | 1  | —  | 1  |  |  | Municipalities (Gemeinden)  | 11
Norway  | NO  | —  | 1  | Regions  | 7  | Counties (Fylke)  | 19  | Economic regions (Økonomiske regioner)  | 89  | Municipalities (kommuner)  | 356

### Former EU member state

Country  | NUTS 1  | NUTS 2  | NUTS 3  | LAU

|
|
|
|

United Kingdom | UK[lower-alpha 2] | Regions of England  | 9  | Sub-Regions:

* groups of counties
* individual counties
* groups of London boroughs

| 30  | Upper tier authorities and groups of unitary authorities and districts  | 93  | Districts or unitary authorities  | 326
Wales  | 1  | Groups of Principal Areas  | 2  | Groups of Principal Areas  | 12  | Principal Areas  | 22
Scotland  | 1  | Groups of Council and/or Island Areas  | 4  | Groups of Council Areas or Islands Areas  | 23  | Council areas, subdivided by LEC where applicable  | 41
Northern Ireland  | 1  | —  | 1  | Groups of districts  | 5  | Districts  | 11

## Maps

* NUTS 1 in Europe

* NUTS 2 in Europe

* NUTS 3 in Europe

## Establishment

NUTS regions are generally based on existing national administrative subdivisions. In countries where only one or two regional subdivisions exist, or where the population of existing subdivisions is too small or too large, a second and/or third level is created. This may be on the first level (ex. France, Italy, Greece, and Spain), on the second (ex. Germany) and/or third level (ex. Belgium).[12] In countries with small populations, where the entire country would be placed on the NUTS 2 or even NUTS 3 level (ex. Luxembourg, Cyprus), the regions at levels 1, 2 and 3 are identical to each other (and also to the entire country), but are coded with the appropriate length codes levels 1, 2 and 3.

The NUTS system favors existing administrative units, with one or more assigned to each NUTS level. Specific guidelines are based in population, leaving little or no role for other types of variables such as area, distance, topography, levels of jurisdiction or history, which can only be considered in (unspecified) types of special cases.[13] From the NUTS Regulation, the average population size of the regions in the respective level shall lie within the following thresholds:[citation needed]

Level | Minimum | Maximum

|
|

NUTS 1  | 3 million  | 7 million
NUTS 2  | 800,000  | 3 million
NUTS 3  | 150,000  | 800,000

For non-administrative units, deviations from these population marks exist for particular geographical, socio-economic, historical, cultural or environmental circumstances, especially for islands and outermost regions.

## Examples

* IT: Italy
* ITC: Northwest Italy
* ITC1: Piedmont
* ITC11: Metropolitan City of Turin

## See also

* ISO 3166
* ISO 3166-1
* ISO 3166-2
* List of FIPS region codes
* List of metropolitan areas in Europe by population
* List of metropolitan areas (LUZ) in the European Union
* List of the largest urban areas of the European Union
* List of European regions by GDP
* Regions of the European Union
* International Territorial Level, the post-Brexit equivalent for NUTS in the United Kingdom

## Notes

1. ↑ The European Union uses EL as the country code for Greece instead of the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code GR.
2. ↑ The European Union uses UK as the country code for the United Kingdom instead of the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code GB.

## References

1. ↑ "NUTS – Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics". European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nuts.
2. ↑ "Common classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS)". European Commission. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/factsheets/en/sheet/99/common-classification-of-territorial-units-for-statistics-nuts-.
3. ↑ "Statistics Explained". European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Main_Page.
4. ↑ Regulation (EC) No 176/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 February 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003 on the establishment of a common classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS) by reason of the accession of Bulgaria and Romania to the European Union
5. ↑ Regulation (EC) No 1888/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 October 2005 amending Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003 on the establishment of a common classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS) by reason of the accession of the Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia to the European Union
6. ↑ Commission Regulation (EC) No 105/2007 of 1 February 2007 amending the annexes to Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the establishment of a common classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS)
7. ↑ Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on the establishment of a common classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS)
8. ↑ "History of NUTS – Eurostat". European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nuts/history.
9. ↑ "Annex A6 Country and territory codes". 2020-02-01. https://publications.europa.eu/code/en/en-5000600.htm.
10. ↑ "Background – Eurostat". European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nuts/background.
11. ↑ Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/2066 of 21 November 2016 amending the annexes to Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the establishment of a common classification of territorial units for statistics (NUTS)
12. ↑ "Europa – Eurostat – Regions – Basic principles of the NUTS". European Commission. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ramon/nuts/basicnuts_regions_en.html.
13. ↑ Regions and cities. Overview eurostat. Retrieved 31 December 2022

## External links

| Wikidata has the property:

* NO LABEL (P605) (see uses)

|

* Eurostat portal – NUTS – Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics – Overview
* History of NUTS – Changes between versions
* NUTS maps
* Statistical regions outside the EU
* Correspondence between the NUTS levels and the national structures (EU)
* Correspondence between the NUTS levels and the national structures (non-EU)
* List of current NUTS codes at SIMAP (EU procurement portal)
* NUTS regions for web maps in JSON format
* NUTS classification as Linked Data[Usurped!]
* Administrative Divisions of Countries ("Statoids")

Template:NUTS

* v
* t
* e

Geocode systems

Administrative codes|

* HASC
* NUTS (EU)
* ONS
* MARC country codes
* SGC codes (Canada)
* UN M.49 (UN)

Airport codes|

* IATA airport code
* ICAO airport code

Country codes|

* IANA country code
* ISO 3166-1
* alpha-2
* alpha-3
* numeric
* IOC country code
* FIFA country code

Geodesic
place codes|

| Global|

* Geohash
* Geohash-36
* GEOREF
* Geotude
* SALB
* Mapcode
* Marsden square
* Military Grid Reference System
* Munich Orientation Convention
* Natural Area Code
* Open Location Code
* QDGC
* UN/LOCODE
* UTM
* what3words
* WMO squares

|

North America|

* FIPS country code (FIPS 10-4)
* FIPS place code (FIPS 55)
* FIPS county code (FIPS 6-4)
* FIPS state code (FIPS 5-2)
* SGC codes

Postal codes|

* CEP (Brazil)
* Postal Index Number (India)
* ZIP Code (United States)

Telephony|

* ITU-R country codes
* ITU-T country calling codes
* ITU-T mobile calling codes

Radio broadcasting|

* Maidenhead Locator System
* Historical : QRA locator

Sport|

* IOC country codes
* FIFA country codes

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