Parse thicket

A  parse thicket is a graph that represents the syntactic structure of a paragraph of text in natural language processing. A parse thicket includes parse tree for each sentence for this paragraph plus some arcs for other relations between words other than syntactic.[1] Parse thickets can be constructed for both constituency parse trees and dependency parse trees. The relations which link parse trees within a parse thicket are:[2]

* Coreferences;
* The same entity / sub-entity / super-entity;
* Rhetorical Structure and other discourse relation;
* Speech act-based relations.

To assess similarity between texts, such as a question and its candidate answers, parse thickets can be generalized [3]

In the image of parse thicket coreferences and entity-entity links are shown in solid red, and rhetoric/speech act relations are shown in dotted red. ETAP parser and tree visualization software is used.[4]

Parse Thicket

To compute generalization of two parse thickets, one needs to find their maximum common sub-graph (sub-thicket).[5]

Generalizing two parse thickets A fragment showing particular cases of generalizing

## References

1. ↑ Galitsky B, Kuznetsov SO, Usikov DA. Parse Thicket Representation for Multi-sentence Search. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 2013;7735:1072-1091. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-35786-2_12.
2. ↑ Galitsky B, Ilvovsky D, Kuznetsov SO, Strok F. Matching sets of parse trees for answering multi-sentence questions. Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing. 2013.
3. ↑ Galitsky B. Machine learning of syntactic parse trees for search and classification of text. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. 2013;26(3):153-172. doi:10.1016/j.engappai.2012.09.017.
4. ↑ Boguslavsky, I., Iomdin, L., Sizov V.. Interactive enconversion by means of the ETAP-3 system. Culture, Language and Information Technologies. 2003.
5. ↑ Galitsky B, Ilvovsky D, Kuznetsov SO, Strok F. Finding Maximal Common Sub-parse Thickets for Multi-sentence Search. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence. 2013;8323.

## External links

* [Google code page https://code.google.com/p/relevance-based-on-parse-trees/]
* [Stanford NLP http://nlp.stanford.edu/]
* [OpenNLP Similarity component https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/OPENNLP/component/12316412]

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