Permutation box

In cryptography, a permutation box (or P-box) is a method of bit-shuffling used to permute or transpose bits across S-boxes inputs, retaining diffusion while transposing.[1]

An example of a 64-bit "expansion" P-box which spreads the input S-boxes to as many output S-boxes as possible.

In block ciphers, the S-boxes and P-boxes are used to make the relation between the plaintext and the ciphertext difficult to understand (see Shannon's property of confusion). P-boxes are typically classified as compression, expansion, and straight, depending on whether the number of output bits is less than, greater than, or equal to the number of input bits, respectively. Only straight P-boxes are invertible.

## See also

* Boolean function
* Nothing-up-my-sleeve number
* Substitution cipher

## References

1. ↑ Computer Science and Engineering. Cryptography 2007. Chalmers University of Technology. http://www.cs.chalmers.se/Cs/Grundutb/Kurser/krypto/lect03-2x2.pdf.

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Block ciphers (security summary)

Common
algorithms|

* AES
* Blowfish
* DES (internal mechanics, Triple DES)
* Serpent
* Twofish

Less common
algorithms|

* Camellia
* CAST-128
* GOST
* IDEA
* RC2
* RC5
* RC6
* SEED
* ARIA
* Skipjack
* TEA
* XTEA

Other
algorithms|

* 3-Way
* Akelarre
* Anubis
* BaseKing
* BassOmatic
* BATON
* BEAR and LION
* CAST-256
* Chiasmus
* CIKS-1
* CIPHERUNICORN-A
* CIPHERUNICORN-E
* CLEFIA
* CMEA
* Cobra
* COCONUT98
* Crab
* Cryptomeria/C2
* CRYPTON
* CS-Cipher
* DEAL
* DES-X
* DFC
* E2
* FEAL
* FEA-M
* FROG
* G-DES
* Grand Cru
* Hasty Pudding cipher
* Hierocrypt
* ICE
* IDEA NXT
* Intel Cascade Cipher
* Iraqi
* Kalyna
* KASUMI
* KeeLoq
* KHAZAD
* Khufu and Khafre
* KN-Cipher
* Kuznyechik
* Ladder-DES
* Libelle
* LOKI (97, 89/91)
* Lucifer
* M6
* M8
* MacGuffin
* Madryga
* MAGENTA
* MARS
* Mercy
* MESH
* MISTY1
* MMB
* MULTI2
* MultiSwap
* New Data Seal
* NewDES
* Nimbus
* NOEKEON
* NUSH
* PRESENT
* Prince
* Q
* RC6
* REDOC
* Red Pike
* S-1
* SAFER
* SAVILLE
* SC2000
* SHACAL
* SHARK
* Simon
* SM4
* Speck
* Spectr-H64
* Square
* SXAL/MBAL
* Threefish
* Treyfer
* UES
* xmx
* XXTEA
* Zodiac

Design|

* Feistel network
* Key schedule
* Lai–Massey scheme
* Product cipher
* S-box
* P-box
* SPN
* Confusion and diffusion
* Avalanche effect
* Block size
* Key size
* Key whitening (Whitening transformation)

Attack
(cryptanalysis)|

* Brute-force (EFF DES cracker)
* MITM
* Biclique attack
* 3-subset MITM attack
* Linear (Piling-up lemma)
* Differential
* Impossible
* Truncated
* Higher-order
* Differential-linear
* Distinguishing (Known-key)
* Integral/Square
* Boomerang
* Mod n
* Related-key
* Slide
* Rotational
* Side-channel
* Timing
* Power-monitoring
* Electromagnetic
* Acoustic
* Differential-fault
* XSL
* Interpolation
* Partitioning
* Rubber-hose
* Black-bag
* Davies
* Rebound
* Weak key
* Tau
* Chi-square
* Time/memory/data tradeoff

Standardization|

* AES process
* CRYPTREC
* NESSIE

Utilization|

* Initialization vector
* Mode of operation
* Padding

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Cryptography

* History of cryptography
* Cryptanalysis
* Outline of cryptography

* Symmetric-key algorithm
* Block cipher
* Stream cipher
* Public-key cryptography
* Cryptographic hash function
* Message authentication code
* Random numbers
* Steganography

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