List of philosophies

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Philosophy

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* Averroes

Philosophers

* Aestheticians
* Epistemologists
* Ethicists
* Logicians
* Metaphysicians
* Social and political philosophers

Periods

* Ancient
* Medieval
* Modern
* Contemporary

Branches

* Aesthetics
* Epistemology
* Ethics
* Legal philosophy
* Logic
* Metaphysics
* Political philosophy
* Social philosophy

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Philosophical schools of thought and philosophical movements.

## Contents

* 1 A
* 2 B
* 3 C
* 4 D
* 5 E
* 6 F
* 7 G
* 8 H
* 9 I
* 10 J
* 11 K
* 12 L
* 13 M
* 14 N
* 15 O
* 16 P
* 17 Q
* 18 R
* 19 S
* 20 T
* 21 U
* 22 V
* 23 W
* 24 X
* 25 Z
* 26 See also

## A

Absurdism \- Action, philosophy of - Actual idealism \- Actualism \- Advaita Vedanta \- Aesthetic Realism - Aesthetics \- African philosophy \- Afrocentrism \- Agential realism - Agnosticism \- Agnostic theism \- American philosophy - Anarchy \- Animism \- Antinatalism \- Antinomianism \- Anti-psychiatry— Anti-realism \- Antireductionism \- Analytic philosophy \- Anarchism \- Ancient philosophy \- Anthropocentrism \- Anomalous monism \- Applied ethics \- Archaeology, philosophy of \- Aristotelianism \- Arithmetic, philosophy of \- Art, philosophy of - Artificial intelligence, philosophy of \- Asceticism \- Atheism \- Authoritarianism \- Averroism \- Avicennism \- Axiology

## B

Baptists \- Behaviorism \- Bayesianism - Bioconservatism \- Biology, philosophy of \- Biosophy \- Buddhist philosophy \- Business, philosophy of

## C

Cartesianism \- Categorical imperative \- Charvaka \- Chinese naturalism \- Christian neoplatonism \- Capitalism \- Chance, Philosophy of - Chinese philosophy \- Christian existentialism \- Christian humanism \- Christian philosophy \- Cognitivism \- Color, philosophy of \- Common Sense, philosophy of - Communitarianism \- Communism \- Compatibilism and incompatibilism - Confirmation holism \- Confucianism \- Consequentialism \- Conceptualism \- Conservatism \- Constructivist epistemology \- Continental philosophy \- Cosmicism \- Cosmopolitanism \- Critical rationalism \- Critical realism \- Critical theory \- Culture, philosophy of \- Cyberfeminism \- Cynicism \- Czech philosophy

## D

Danish philosophy - Deconstruction \- Deism \- Denialism \- Deontology \- Depressionism - Design, philosophy of \- Determinism \- Dialectic \- Dialectical materialism \- Dialogue, philosophy of \- Didacticism - Digital physics \- Discordianism - Dualistic cosmology \- Dvaita

## E

Eating, philosophy of - Ecocentrism - Economics, philosophy of - Ecumenism \- Education, philosophy of - Egalitarianism \- Egocentrism \- Egoism \- Eliminative materialism \- Emotivism \- Empiricism \- Engineering, philosophy of - Ephesian school - Epiphenomenalism \- Epicureanism \- Epistemological nihilism - Epistemology \- Esotericism \- Essentialism \- Ethics \- Eternalism \- Eudaimonism - Existentialism \- Externalism

## F

Fallibilism \- Fascism \- Fatalism \- Feminist philosophy - Filial piety \- Film, philosophy of - Foundationalism \- Free will \- Fundamentalism \- Futility, philosophy of -

## G

Geography, philosophy of - German idealism \- German philosophy - Gnosticism \- Greek philosophy -

## H

Healthcare, philosophy of \- Hedonism \- Hegelianism \- Hermeticism \- Henotheism \- Heterophenomenology \- Hindu philosophy \- Historical materialism \- Historicism \- History, philosophy of \- Holism \- Hongaku \- Humanism \- Humanistic naturalism \- Hylozoism \-

## I

Idealism \- Identityism \- Ideological criticism \- Ignosticism \- Illegalism - Illuminationism \- Individualism \- Indian logic \- Indian philosophy \- Indonesian philosophy - Induction / Inductionism \- Informal logic \- Information, philosophy of \- Innatism \- Instrumental rationality - Instrumentalism \- Interactionism (philosophy of mind) \- Internalism and externalism \- Intuitionism \- Iranian philosophy - Irrealism \- Islamic ethics \- Islamic philosophy

## J

Japanese philosophy - Jainism \- Jewish philosophy - Jingoism - Juche \- Judeo-Islamic philosophies (800–1400) - Just war theory

## K

Kantianism \- Kabbalah \- Korean philosophy

## L

Language, philosophy of \- Law, philosophy of \- Legalism \- Leninism \- Liberalism \- Libertarianism (metaphysics) \- Libertarianism \- Linguistics, philosophy of \- Logic / Informal logic \- Logical atomism \- Logical positivism \- Logicians \- Logicism \- Logic in China \- Logic in Islamic philosophy \- Logic, philosophy of \- Love, philosophy of \- Luddism

## M

Manichaeism \- Maoism \- Marxism \- Marxist philosophy of nature - Materialism \- Mathematicism \- Maxim \- Mahayana Buddhism- Mathematics, philosophy of \- Mathematics education, philosophy of \- Medical ethics \- Medieval philosophy \- Medievalism - Mentalism \- Mereological nihilism \- Merism \- Meta-philosophy - Metaphysics \- Meta-ethics \- Milesian school \- Mimamsa - Mind, philosophy of \- Mind-body dualism - Misology \- Modernism \- Modern Islamic philosophy - Mohism \- Monism \- Moral absolutism \- Moral realism \- Moral relativism \- Moral skepticism \- Motion, philosophy of \- Music, philosophy of - Mysticism

## N

Naïve realism \- Nature, philosophy of - Natural Science, philosophy of - Naturalism - Nazism \- Negative utilitarianism \- Neo-Confucianism \- Neoconservatism\- Neo-Hegelianism - Neoliberalism \- Neo-Kantianism - Neo-Luddism\- Neoplatonism \- Neopythagoreanism - Neo-Scholasticism - Neotaoism - Neuroethics \- Neurophilosophy \- Neuroscience, philosophy of - Neurotheology - Neutral monism \- New Age \- New realism \- New Thought - Nihilism \- Nominalism \- Nondualism - Non-cognitivism Non-philosophy \- Non-theism - Nyaya

## O

Objective idealism \- Objectivism \- Occasionalism \- Ontology \- Ontotheology \- Open individualism \- Organicism

## P

Paganism \- Pakistani philosophy - Pancritical rationalism \- Pandeism \- Panpsychism \- Pantheism \- Pataphysics - Perception, philosophy of \- Perennial philosophy \- Perfectionism \- Peripatetic school \- Personalism \- Perspectivism \- Pessimism \- Phenomenalism \- Phenomenology \- Philosophical anthropology \- Philosophical Satanism \- Philosophy, philosophy of - Physicalism \- Physical ontology - Physics, philosophy of \- Platonic realism \- Platonism \- Pluralism \- Political philosophy \- Populism \- Posadism - Positivism \- Postanalytic philosophy \- Posthumanism \- Postpositivism \- Post-materialism \- Post-modernism \- Post-structuralism \- Practical reason \- Pragmatism \- Praxis School \- Probabilism \- Presentism - Process philosophy \- Progressivism \- Property dualism \- Pseudophilosophy \- Psychiatry, philosophy of \- Psychological egoism \- Psychology, philosophy of \- Pure practical reason - Pure reason - Pyrrhonian skepticism - Pyrrhonism \- Pythagoreanism

## Q

Quantum mysticism \- Quietism

## R

Raëlism \- Rastafari \- Rationalism \- Realism \- Reconstructivism \- Reductionism \- Reductive materialism - Reformational philosophy \- Relationalism \- Relativism \- Relevance logic \- Philosophy of religion \- Philosophy of religious language - Religious humanism \- Religious philosophy \- Reliabilism \- Renaissance humanism \- Romanian philosophy - Romanticism \- Russian cosmism \- Russian philosophy

## S

Sabellianism \- Satanism \- Sankhya - Scotism \- Scholasticism \- Science, philosophy of \- Scientism \- Secularism \- Secular humanism \- Self, philosophy of \- Semantic holism \- Sensualism \- Sex, philosophy of \- Sexualism - Sexism - Shamanism \- Sikhism \- Singularitarianism \- Skepticism \- Skeptical theism \- Social science, philosophy of \- Socialism \- Social philosophy \- Solipsism \- Sophism - Space and time, philosophy of \- Spiritual philosophy \- Spiritualism \- Sport, philosophy of \- Statistics, philosophy of \- Stoicism \- Socrates\- Structuralism \- Subjective idealism \- Subjectivism \- Sufi metaphysics \- Śūnyatā \- Supersessionism \- Synoptic philosophy \- Systems philosophy

## T

Taoism \- Teleology \- Tetralemma \- Theistic finitism \- Theism \- Thelema \- Theology \- Theosophy \- Thermal and statistical physics, philosophy of \- Thomism \- Theravada Buddhism - Traditionalist School \- Transcendent theosophy \- Transcendental idealism \- Transcendental perspectivism - Transcendentalism \- Transhumanism \- Transmodernism \- Type physicalism

## U

Ubuntu \- Universalism \- Utilitarian bioethics \- Utilitarianism

## V

Value pluralism \- Value theory \- Vedanta \- Verificationism \- Verism - Vienna Circle \- Virtue ethics \- Vitalism \- Voluntaryism

## W

Wahdat-ul-Wujood \- Wahdat-ul-Shuhud \- War, philosophy of \- Western philosophy \- Wu wei

## X

Xenofeminism

## Z

Zemlyak - Zen \- Zoroastrianism \- Zurvanism

## See also

* Glossary of philosophy

* v
* t
* e

Philosophy

Branches

| Traditional|

* Metaphysics
* Ontology
* Epistemology
* Logic
* Ethics
* Aesthetics

|

Philosophy of|

* Action
* Art
* Culture
* Design
* Music
* Film
* Business
* Color
* Cosmos
* Dialogue
* Education
* Environment
* Futility
* Happiness
* Healthcare
* History
* Human nature
* Humor
* Feminism
* Language
* Life
* Literature
* Mathematics
* Mind
* Pain
* Psychology
* Philosophy of psychiatry
* Philosophy of perception
* Philosophy
* Religion
* Science
* Physics
* Chemistry
* Biology
* Geography
* Sexuality
* Social science
* Culture
* Economics
* Justice
* Law
* Politics
* Society
* Space and time
* Sport
* Technology
* Artificial intelligence
* Computer science
* Engineering
* Information
* War

Schools of thought

| By era|

* Ancient
* Western
* Medieval
* Renaissance
* Early modern
* Modern
* Contemporary

|

Ancient|

| Chinese|

* Agriculturalism
* Confucianism
* Legalism
* Logicians
* Mohism
* Chinese naturalism
* Neotaoism
* Taoism
* Yangism
* Chan

|

[[Philosophy:Ancient Greek philosopGreco-Hellenistic philosophy|Roman]] |

* Aristotelianism
* Atomism
* Cynicism
* Cyrenaics
* Eleatics
* Eretrian school
* Epicureanism
* Hermeneutics
* Ionian
* Ephesian
* Milesian
* Megarian school
* Neoplatonism
* Peripatetic
* Platonism
* Pluralism
* Presocratic
* Pyrrhonism
* Pythagoreanism
* Neopythagoreanism
* Sophistic
* Stoicism

Indian|

* Hindu
* Samkhya
* Nyaya
* Vaisheshika
* Yoga
* Mīmāṃsā
* Ājīvika
* Ajñana
* Cārvāka
* Jain
* Anekantavada
* Syādvāda
* Buddhist
* Śūnyatā
* Madhyamaka
* Yogacara
* Sautrāntika
* Svatantrika

Persian|

* Mazdakism
* Mithraism
* Zoroastrianism
* Zurvanism

Medieval|

| European|

* Christian
* Augustinianism
* Scholasticism
* Thomism
* Scotism
* Occamism
* Renaissance humanism

|

East Asian|

* Korean Confucianism
* Edo neo-Confucianism
* Neo-Confucianism

Indian|

* Vedanta
* Acintya bheda abheda
* Advaita
* Bhedabheda
* Dvaita
* Nimbarka Sampradaya
* Shuddhadvaita
* Vishishtadvaita
* Navya-Nyāya

Islamic|

* Averroism
* Avicennism
* Illuminationism
* ʿIlm al-Kalām
* Sufi

Jewish|

* Judeo-Islamic

Modern|

| People|

* Cartesianism
* Kantianism
* Neo-Kantianism
* Hegelianism
* Marxism
* Spinozism

|

* Anarchism
* Classical Realism
* Liberalism
* Collectivism
* Conservatism
* Determinism
* Dualism
* Empiricism
* Existentialism
* Foundationalism
* Historicism
* Holism
* Humanism
* Anti-
* Idealism
* Absolute
* British
* German
* Objective
* Subjective
* Transcendental
* Individualism
* Kokugaku
* Materialism
* Modernism
* Monism
* Naturalism
* Natural law
* Nihilism
* New Confucianism
* Neo-scholasticism
* Pragmatism
* Phenomenology
* Positivism
* Reductionism
* Rationalism
* Social contract
* Socialism
* Transcendentalism
* Utilitarianism

Contemporary|

| Analytic|

* Applied ethics
* Analytic feminism
* Analytical Marxism
* Communitarianism
* Consequentialism
* Critical rationalism
* Experimental philosophy
* Falsificationism
* Foundationalism / Coherentism
* Generative linguistics
* Internalism and externalism
* Logical positivism
* Legal positivism
* Normative ethics
* Meta-ethics
* Moral realism
* Quinean naturalism
* Ordinary language philosophy
* Postanalytic philosophy
* Quietism
* Rawlsian
* Reformed epistemology
* Systemics
* Scientism
* Scientific realism
* Scientific skepticism
* Transactionalism
* Contemporary utilitarianism
* Vienna Circle
* Wittgensteinian

|

Continental|

* Critical theory
* Deconstruction
* Existentialism
* Feminist
* Frankfurt School
* New Historicism
* Hermeneutics
* Neo-Marxism
* Phenomenology
* Posthumanism
* Postmodernism
* Post-structuralism
* Social constructionism
* Structuralism
* Western Marxism

Other|

* Kyoto School
* Objectivism
* Postcritique
* Russian cosmism
* more...

Positions

| Aesthetics|

* Formalism
* Institutionalism
* Aesthetic response

|

Ethics|

* Consequentialism
* Deontology
* Virtue

Free will|

* Compatibilism
* Determinism
* Hard
* Incompatibilism
* Hard
* Libertarianism

Metaphysics|

* Atomism
* Dualism
* Monism
* Naturalism

Epistemology|

* Constructivism
* Empiricism
* Idealism
* Particularism
* Fideism
* Rationalism
* /Nihilism-->
* Solipsism

Mind|

* Behaviorism
* Emergentism
* Eliminativism
* Epiphenomenalism
* Functionalism
* Objectivism
* Subjectivism

Normativity|

* Absolutism
* Particularism
* Relativism
* Nihilism
* Skepticism
* Universalism

Ontology|

* Action
* Event
* Process

Reality|

* Anti-realism
* Conceptualism
* Idealism
* Materialism
* Naturalism
* Nominalism
* Physicalism
* Realism

* By region
* Related lists
* Miscellaneous

| By region|

* African
* Ethiopian
* Amerindian
* Aztec
* Eastern
* Chinese
* Egyptian
* Indian
* Indonesian
* Iranian
* Japanese
* Korean
* Pakistani
* Vietnamese
* Western
* American
* Australian
* British
* Czech
* Danish
* French
* German
* Greek
* Italian
* Polish
* Romanian
* Russian
* Slovene
* Spanish
* Turkish

|

Lists|

* Outline
* Index
* Years
* Problems
* Schools
* Glossary
* Philosophers
* Movements
* Publications

Miscellaneous|

* Natural law
* Sage
* Theoretical philosophy / Practical philosophy
* Women in philosophy

* Portal
* Category
* Book

* v
* t
* e

Philosophy of religion

Concepts in religion|

* Afterlife
* Euthyphro dilemma
* Faith
* Intelligent design
* Miracle
* Problem of evil
* Religious belief
* Soul
* Spirit
* Theodicy
* Theological veto

Conceptions of God|

* Aristotelian view
* Brahman
* Demiurge
* Divine simplicity
* Egoism
* Holy Spirit
* Misotheism
* Pandeism
* Personal god
* Process theology
* Supreme Being
* Unmoved mover

God in|

* Abrahamic religions
* Buddhism
* Christianity
* Hinduism
* Islam
* Jainism
* Judaism
* Mormonism
* Sikhism
* Bahá'í Faith
* Wicca

Existence of God|

| For|

* Beauty
* Christological
* Consciousness
* Cosmological
* Kalam
* Contingency
* Degree
* Desire
* Experience
* Fine-tuning of the universe
* Love
* Miracles
* Morality
* Necessary existent
* Ontological
* Pascal's wager
* Proper basis
* Reason
* Teleological
* Natural law
* Watchmaker analogy
* Transcendental

|

Against|

* 747 gambit
* Atheist's Wager
* Evil
* Free will
* Hell
* Inconsistent revelations
* Nonbelief
* Noncognitivism
* Occam's razor
* Omnipotence
* Poor design
* Russell's teapot

Theology|

* Acosmism
* Agnosticism
* Animism
* Antireligion
* Atheism
* Creationism
* Dharmism
* Deism
* Demonology
* Divine command theory
* Dualism
* Esotericism
* Exclusivism
* Existentialism
* Christian
* Agnostic
* Atheistic
* Feminist theology
* Thealogy
* Womanist theology
* Fideism
* Fundamentalism
* Gnosticism
* Henotheism
* Humanism
* Religious
* Secular
* Christian
* Inclusivism
* Theories about religions
* Monism
* Monotheism
* Mysticism
* Naturalism
* Metaphysical
* Religious
* Humanistic
* New Age
* Nondualism
* Nontheism
* Pandeism
* Panentheism
* Pantheism
* Perennialism
* Polytheism
* Possibilianism
* Process theology
* Religious skepticism
* Spiritualism
* Shamanism
* Taoic
* Theism
* Transcendentalism
* more...

Religious language|

* Eschatological verification
* Language game
* Logical positivism
* Apophatic theology
* Verificationism

Problem of evil|

* Augustinian theodicy
* Best of all possible worlds
* Euthyphro dilemma
* Inconsistent triad
* Irenaean theodicy
* Natural evil
* Theodicy

Philosophers
of religion

(by date active)|

| Ancient and
medieval|

* Anselm of Canterbury
* Augustine of Hippo
* Avicenna
* Averroes
* Boethius
* Erasmus
* Gaunilo of Marmoutiers
* Pico della Mirandola
* Heraclitus
* King James VI and I
* Marcion of Sinope
* Thomas Aquinas
* Maimonides

|

Early modern|

* Augustin Calmet
* René Descartes
* Blaise Pascal
* Baruch Spinoza
* Nicolas Malebranche
* Gottfried W Leibniz
* William Wollaston
* Thomas Chubb
* David Hume
* Baron d'Holbach
* Immanuel Kant
* Johann G Herder

1800
1850|

* Friedrich Schleiermacher
* Karl C F Krause
* Georg W F Hegel

* William Whewell
* Ludwig Feuerbach
* Søren Kierkegaard
* Karl Marx
* Albrecht Ritschl
* Afrikan Spir

1880
1900|

* Ernst Haeckel
* W K Clifford
* Friedrich Nietzsche
* Harald Høffding
* William James

* Vladimir Solovyov
* Ernst Troeltsch
* Rudolf Otto
* Lev Shestov
* Sergei Bulgakov
* Pavel Florensky
* Ernst Cassirer
* Joseph Maréchal

1920
postwar|

* George Santayana
* Bertrand Russell
* Martin Buber
* René Guénon
* Paul Tillich
* Karl Barth
* Emil Brunner
* Rudolf Bultmann
* Gabriel Marcel
* Reinhold Niebuhr

* Charles Hartshorne
* Mircea Eliade
* Frithjof Schuon
* J L Mackie
* Walter Kaufmann
* Martin Lings
* Peter Geach
* George I Mavrodes
* William Alston
* Antony Flew

1970
1990
2010|

* William L Rowe
* Dewi Z Phillips
* Alvin Plantinga
* Anthony Kenny
* Nicholas Wolterstorff
* Richard Swinburne
* Robert Merrihew Adams

* Peter van Inwagen
* Daniel Dennett
* Loyal Rue
* Jean-Luc Marion
* William Lane Craig
* Ali Akbar Rashad

* Alexander Pruss

Related topics|

* Criticism of religion
* Ethics in religion
* Exegesis
* History of religion
* Religion
* Religious language
* Religious philosophy
* Relationship between religion and science
* Political science of religion
* Faith and rationality
* more...

* Portal
* Category

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