Outline of socialism

Short description: Overview of and topical guide to socialism

Part of a series on

Socialism

Development

* Age of the Enlightenment
* French Revolution
* History of socialism
* Revolutions of 1848
* Socialist calculation debate
* Socialist economics

Ideas

* Calculation in kind
* Collective ownership
* Cooperative
* Common ownership
* Commune (model of government)
* Economic democracy
* Economic planning
* Equal opportunity
* Free association
* Freed market
* Industrial democracy
* Input–output model
* Internationalism
* Labor-time calculation
* Labour voucher
* Material balance planning
* Organizational self-management
* Peer‑to‑peer economics
* Production for use
* Sharing economy
* Social dividend
* Social ownership
* Socialism in one country
* Socialist mode of production
* To each according to his contribution/needs
* Workplace democracy

Models

* Communalism
* Participatory economics
* Democratic confederalism
* Market economy
* Market socialism
* Lange model
* Mutualism
* Socialist market economy
* Socialist-oriented market
* Planned economy
* Decentralized planning
* Inclusive Democracy
* OGAS
* Project Cybersyn
* Soviet-type
* Social ecology

Variants

* 21st-century
* African
* Arab
* Agrarian
* Anarchism
* Authoritarian
* Blanquism
* Chinese
* Communism
* Democratic
* Ethical
* Ecological
* Feminist
* Fourierism
* Free-market
* Gandhian
* Guild
* Laissez-faire
* Liberal
* Libertarian
* Marhaenism
* Marxism
* Municipal
* Nationalist
* Owenism
* Reformist
* Religious
* Revolutionary
* Ricardian
* Saint-Simonianism
* Scientific
* Social democracy
* State
* Syndicalism
* Third World
* Utopian
* Zionist

By country

* Australia
* Bangladesh
* Brazil
* Canada
* China
* Communist China
* Nationalist China
* Estonia
* Greece
* Hong Kong
* India
* Iran
* Italy
* Netherlands
* New Zealand
* Pakistan
* Sri Lanka
* Tunisia
* United Kingdom
* United States
* Vietnam

People

* More
* Hall
* Saint-Simon
* Babeuf
* Owen
* Fourier
* Thompson
* Hodgskin
* Cabet
* Enfantin
* Proudhon
* Blanc
* Herzen
* Bakunin
* Marx
* Barmby
* Engels
* Lassalle
* Morris
* Jones
* Kropotkin
* Bernstein
* Malatesta
* Taylor
* Lavrov
* Lenin
* Jaurès
* Plekhanov
* Dewey
* Barone
* Kautsky
* Du Bois
* Goldman
* Luxemburg
* Blum
* Tawney
* Russell
* Neurath
* Pannekoek
* Recabarren
* Einstein
* Trotsky
* Keller
* Attlee
* Polanyi
* Makhno
* Cole
* Nagy
* Gerhardsen
* Orwell
* Dougals
* Senghor
* Erlander
* Allende
* Kreisky
* Mitterrand
* Nasser
* Mandela
* Bookcin
* Dubček
* Zinn
* Castoriadis
* Thompson
* Manley
* Chomsky
* King
* Pertini
* Craxi
* Layton
* West
* Sanders
* Ali
* Öcalan
* Žižek
* Hedges
* Corbyn
* Varoufakis

Organizations

* First International
* Second International
* Third International
* Fourth International
* Fifth International
* Labour and
Socialist International
* Socialist International
* World Federation of Democratic
Youth
* International Union of Socialist
Youth
* World Socialist Movement
* International Committee of the
Fourth International
* Progressive Alliance

Related topics

* Anarchism
* Capitalism
* Communist society
* Criticism of capitalism
* Criticism of socialism
* Economic calculation problem
* Economic system
* French Left
* Left-libertarianism
* Libertarianism
* List of socialists
* List of socialist economists
* Marxist philosophy
* Nanosocialism
* Progressivism
* Socialism and LGBT rights
* Socialist calculation debate
* Socialist Party
* Socialist state
* Types of socialism

*   *   *

* v
* t
* e

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to socialism:

Socialism - range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production and workers' self-management[10] as well as the political theories and movements associated with them.[11]

Social ownership can be public, collective or cooperative ownership, or citizen ownership of equity.[12] Socialism has numerous variants and so no single definition encapsulating all of them exists,[13] with its definition subject to ongoing academic scrutiny and redefining,[14] although social ownership acts as a common element shared by its various forms.[5][15][16]

## Contents

* 1 Types of socialism
* 1.1 Broad perspectives
* 1.2 Authoritarian
* 1.2.1 Barracks
* 1.2.2 Bolshevism
* 1.2.3 Other
* 1.3 Liberal
* 1.4 Libertarian
* 1.4.1 Anarchism
* 1.4.2 Libertarian socialism
* 1.5 Religious socialism
* 2 Nature of socialism
* 2.1 Defining theme
* 2.2 Common themes
* 2.3 Authoritarian socialist themes
* 2.4 Liberal socialist themes
* 2.5 Libertarian socialist themes
* 2.6 Market socialist themes
* 2.7 Non-market socialist themes
* 2.8 Reformist socialist themes
* 2.9 Revolutionary socialist themes
* 3 Socialist concepts
* 4 Regional socialism
* 4.1 Western
* 5 History of socialism
* 6 People
* 6.1 Key figures
* 7 Socialist movements
* 7.1 Conflicts
* 8 Organisations
* 8.1 International
* 8.2 Political parties
* 8.3 Trade unions
* 8.4 Academic journals
* 8.5 Magazines
* 8.6 Newspapers
* 9 Criticisms
* 10 Related navigation boxes
* 11 References
* 12 External links

## Types of socialism

Main article: Social:Types of socialism

### Broad perspectives

* Communism (Left communism)
* Democratic socialism
* Eco-socialism
* Ethical socialism
* Liberal socialism
* Market socialism
* Marxism-Leninism
* Revolutionary socialism
* Scientific socialism
* Syndicalism
* Utopian socialism

### Authoritarian

Main article: Social:Authoritarian socialism

#### Barracks

Main article: Social:Barracks communism

* Nechayevism

#### Bolshevism

Main article: Social:Bolshevism

Leninism – Marxism–Leninism

* Brezhnevism
* Castroism
* Ceaușism
* Guevarism
* Ho Chi Minh Thought
* Hoxhaism
* Husakism
* Juche (originally)
* Kadarism
* Khrushchevism
* Maoism
* Dengism
* Maoism–Third Worldism
* Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
* Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Gonzalo Thought
* Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path
* Xi Jinping Thought
* Stalinism
* Tkachevism
* Trotskyism
* Pabloism
* Posadism
* Orthodox Trotskyism

#### Other

* Blanquism
* State (Lassallism)

### Liberal

Part of a series on

Social democracy

History

* Age of Enlightenment
* Frankfurt Declaration
* French Revolution
* Godesberg Program
* Humanism
* Internationalist–defencist schism
* Keynesianism
* Labor movement
* Marxism
* Orthodox
* Revisionist
* Nordic model
* Reformist–revolutionary dispute
* Socialism
* Revolutions of 1848
* Utopian socialism
* Welfare capitalism

Concepts

* Civil liberties
* Democracy
* Economic
* Industrial
* Representative
* Dirigisme
* Environmentalism
* Environmental protection
* Fair trade
* Gradualism
* Internationalism
* Land reform
* Labor rights
* Left-wing nationalism
* Mixed economy
* {{{sp}}}|uk|s|z}}ation
* Negative and positive rights
* Progressivism
* Reformism
* Left
* Socialism
* Revolutionary socialism
* Secularism
* Social corporatism
* Social justice
* Social market economy
* Socialist state
* Capitalism
* Socialism
* Trade union
* Tripartisme
* Welfare
* Welfare state

Variants

* Democratic socialism
* Ethical socialism
* Evolutionary socialism
* Liberal socialism
* Socialism of the 21st century
* Third Way

People

* Ambedkar
* Allende
* Ardern
* Attlee
* Awolowo
* Batlle y Ordóñez
* Bebel
* Ben-Gurion
* Bernstein
* Betancourt
* Bhutto
* Blair
* Blanc
* Brandt
* Branting
* Brown
* Callaghan
* Lázaro Cárdenas
* Chávez
* Clark
* Craxi
* Crosland
* Corbyn
* Curtin
* Daszyński
* Debs
* Douglas
* Drees
* Ebert
* Ecevit
* Engels
* Fraser
* Gaitskell
* Gandhi
* González
* Goulart
* Hardie
* Hilferding
* Jaurès
* Jenkins
* Junmai
* Katayama
* Kautsky
* Kerensky
* Kéthly
* Kirk
* Lagos
* Lassalle
* Layton
* Lenin
* Lévesque
* Liebknecht (father)
* Liebknecht (son)
* Luxemburg
* MacDonald
* Mandela
* Marx
* Morales
* Myrdal
* Nehru
* Batlle y Ordóñez
* Palme
* Plekhanov
* Prodi
* Russell
* Sanders
* Savage
* Stauning
* Thomas
* Den Uyl
* Webb
* Wilson
* Zhordania

{{{sp}}}|uk|s|z}}ations

* International Trade Union Confederation
* International Union of Socialist Youth
* Party of European Socialists
* Progressive Alliance
* Socialist International
* Young European Socialists

By region

* Austria
* Germany
* United States

Related

* Communism
* "The Internationale"
* Socialism
* Types of socialism

* '
* '
* '

* v
* t
* e

Main article: Philosophy:Liberal socialism

* Social democracy

### Libertarian

Part of a series on

Libertarian socialism

Political concepts

* Anti-authoritarianism
* Anti-Leninism
* Anti-Stalinist left
* Anti-statism
* Class conflict
* Classless society
* Community centre
* Consensus democracy
* Commune
* {{{sp}}}|uk|s|z}}ation
* Direct democracy
* Dual power
* Egalitarian community
* Free association
* Free love
* Free school
* General strike
* Libertarian possibilism
* Mutual aid
* Post-leftism
* Prefigurative politics
* Proletarian internationalism
* Refusal of work
* State capitalism
* Stateless society
* Squatting
* Ultra-leftism
* Wage slavery
* Workers' control
* Workers' council

Economics

* Anarchist economics
* Anti-capitalism
* Anti-consumerism
* Cooperative
* Common ownership
* Common-pool resource
* Cost the limit of price
* {{{sp}}}|uk|s|z}}ed planning
* Economic democracy
* Free market
* Freed market
* Gift economy
* Give-away shop
* Guilds
* Inclusive Democracy
* Industrial democracy
* Laissez-faire
* Market abolitionism
* Really Really Free Market
* Social economy
* Social enterprise
* {{{sp}}}|uk|s|z}}ation
* Socialist economics
* Use value
* Worker cooperative

People

* Albert
* Andrews
* Avrich
* Bakunin
* Berkman
* Boggs
* Bonanno
* Bookchin
* Breton
* Camus
* Castoriadis
* Chomsky
* Czlgosz
* Dauvé
* Day
* Debord
* Dunayevskaya
* Durruti
* Fanelli
* Federici
* Ferrer
* Fotopoulos
* Fourier
* Godwin
* Goldman
* Goodman
* Graeber
* Greene
* Gorz
* Guattari
* Guérin
* Herzen
* Heywood (Angela)
* Heywood (Ezra)
* Hodgskin
* Hoffamn
* Holloway
* James
* Korsch
* Kropotkin
* Landauer
* Lefort
* Liebknecht
* Lorenzo
* Lubbe
* Luxemburg
* Magón
* Makhno
* Malatesta
* Marcos
* Marcuse
* Margall
* Marx
* Mattick
* Michel
* Montseny
* Morris
* Negri
* Öcalan
* Pallis
* Pankhurst
* Pannekoek
* Parsons (Albert)
* Parsons (Lucy)
* Petrichenko
* Proudhon
* Reich
* Rocker
* Rühle
* Sacco
* Santillán
* Sartre
* Spooner
* Tolstoy
* Thompson
* Tucker
* Vaneigem
* Vanzetti
* Varoufakis
* Ward
* Warrem
* Wilde
* Zerzan
* Zinn

Philosophies and tendencies

|  Anarchist tendencies

* Anarchism
* Green
* Primitivism
* Individualism
* Egoism
* Free-market
* Organisational
* Insurrectionism
* Platformism
* Mutualism
* Syndicalism
* Synthesism
* Social
* Collectivism
* Communism
* Magonism
* Pacifism
* Religious
* Christian
* Muslim
* Jewish

Marxist tendencies

* Libertarian Marxism
* Autonomism
* Chaulieu–Montal tendency
* De Leonism
* Johnson–Forest tendency
* Left communism
* Bordigism
* Communization
* Council communism
* Lettrism
* Marxist humanism
* Situationism
* Western Marxism
* Frankfurt School
* Freudo-Marxism

Other tendencies

* Communalism
* Democratic confederalism
* Dialectical naturalism
* Libertarian municipalism
* Social ecology
* Democratic socialism
* Eco-socialism
* Guild socialism
* Inclusive Democracy
* Market socialism
* Left-wing laissez-faire
* Left-wing market anarchism
* Neozapatismo
* New Left
* Participism
* Utopian socialism
* Fourierism
* Cantonalism

Significant events

* Diggers
* Enragés
* Paris Commune
* Haymarket affair
* Assassination of William McKinley
* Strandzha Commune
* Russian Revolution
* Bavarian Soviet Republic
* German Revolution of 1918–1919
* Biennio Rosso
* Ukrainian War of Independence
* Left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks (Kronstadt rebellion)
* Escuela Moderna
* Mexican Revolution
* Reichstag fire
* Spanish Revolution
* 1953 East German uprising
* 1956 Hungarian Revolution
* May 1968 in France
* Prague Spring
* Left communism in China
* Hippie movement
* Autonomia Operaia
* Zapatista uprising
* 1999 Seattle WTO protests
* Argentinazo
* Occupy movement
* Kurdish–Turkish conflict (2015 rebellion)
* Iran–PJAK conflict
* Rojava Revolution

Related topics

* Anarchism
* Anarchism and socialism
* Communism
* Left-libertarianism
* Libertarianism
* Marxism
* Socialism
* Syndicalism

*   *   *

* v
* t
* e

Main article: Philosophy:Libertarian socialism

#### Anarchism

Main article: Social:Anarchism

* Anarcho-communism
* Anarcho-syndicalism
* Autonomism
* Collectivist anarchism
* Market anarchism
* Green anarchism
* Individualist anarchism
* Insurrectionary anarchism
* Magonism
* Mutualism
* Neozapatismo
* Platformism
* Social anarchism

#### Libertarian socialism

Template:Third Camp

* Council communism
* Left-libertarianism
* Third camp

### Religious socialism

Template:Christian socialism sidebar

Main article: Social:Religious socialism

* Buddhist
* Christian (anarchism, communism)
* Islamic
* Jewish (Labor Zionism)

## Nature of socialism

### Defining theme

* Social ownership

### Common themes

* Anti-capitalism (Criticism of capitalism – Post-capitalism)
* Class struggle
* Collective ownership
* Common ownership
* Dictatorship of the proletariat
* Planned economy
* Proletarian revolution
* Socialisation of production (Socialist mode of production)
* Socialist economics
* Socialist state

### Authoritarian socialist themes

* State ownership
* State-owned enterprise

### Liberal socialist themes

* Mixed economy
* Law of equal liberty

### Libertarian socialist themes

* Anarchist economics
* Cooperative
* Economic democracy
* Workplace democracy

### Market socialist themes

Main article: Social:Market socialism

* Social dividend
* Socialist market economy
* State capitalism

### Non-market socialist themes

Main article: Social:Economic planning

* Calculation in kind
* Labour voucher
* Planned economy

### Reformist socialist themes

* Gradualism
* Lassallism
* Revisionism (Marxism)

### Revolutionary socialist themes

Main article: Social:Revolutionary socialism

* Impossibilism

## Socialist concepts

* Impossibilism
* Revisionism

## Regional socialism

### Western

* Old left
* New left

## History of socialism

Main article: Social:History of socialism

* History of communism

## People

### Key figures

* August Bebel
* Bernie Sanders
* Daniel De Leon
* Emma Goldman
* Eugene Debs
* François-Noël Babeuf
* Friedrich Engels
* Georgi Plekhanov
* Henri de Saint-Simon
* James Connolly
* John Ball
* Josip Broz Tito
* Jules Guesde
* Karl Marx
* Leon Trotsky
* Mikhail Bakunin
* Nestor Makhno
* Noam Chomsky
* Paul Lafargue
* Peter Kropotkin
* Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
* Rosa Luxemburg
* Salvador Allende
* Subcomandante Marcos
* Wilhelm Liebknecht
* William Morris

## Socialist movements

### Conflicts

## Organisations

### International

* International socialist organizations

### Political parties

### Trade unions

### Academic journals

* Socialist journals
* Marxist academic journals

### Magazines

### Newspapers

## Criticisms

* Criticisms of socialism (criticism of communist party rule – criticism of Marxism)

## Related navigation boxes

## References

1. ↑ Sinclair, Upton (1 January 1918). Upton Sinclair's: A Monthly Magazine: for Social Justice, by Peaceful Means If Possible. https://books.google.com/books?id=i0w9AQAAMAAJ. "Socialism, you see, is a bird with two wings. The definition is 'social ownership and democratic control of the instruments and means of production.'"
2. ↑ Nove, Alec. "Socialism". http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_S000173. "A society may be defined as socialist if the major part of the means of production of goods and services is in some sense socially owned and operated, by state, socialised or cooperative enterprises. The practical issues of socialism comprise the relationships between management and workforce within the enterprise, the interrelationships between production units (plan versus markets), and, if the state owns and operates any part of the economy, who controls it and how."
3. ↑ Rosser, Mariana V. and J Barkley Jr. (23 July 2003). Comparative Economics in a Transforming World Economy. MIT Press. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-262-18234-8. "Socialism is an economic system characterised by state or collective ownership of the means of production, land, and capital."
4. ↑ "What else does a socialist economic system involve? Those who favor socialism generally speak of social ownership, social control, or socialization of the means of production as the distinctive positive feature of a socialist economic system" N. Scott Arnold. The Philosophy and Economics of Market Socialism : A Critical Study. Oxford University Press. 1998. p. 8
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Busky, Donald F. (2000). Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey. Praeger. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-275-96886-1. "Socialism may be defined as movements for social ownership and control of the economy. It is this idea that is the common element found in the many forms of socialism."
6. ↑ Bertrand Badie; Dirk Berg-Schlosser; Leonardo Morlino (2011). International Encyclopedia of Political Science. SAGE Publications, Inc. p. 2456. ISBN 978-1-4129-5963-6. "Socialist systems are those regimes based on the economic and political theory of socialism, which advocates public ownership and cooperative management of the means of production and allocation of resources."
7. ↑ Zimbalist, Sherman and Brown, Andrew, Howard J. and Stuart (1988). Comparing Economic Systems: A Political-Economic Approach. Harcourt College Pub. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-15-512403-5. https://archive.org/details/comparingeconomi0000zimb_q8i6/page/7. "Pure socialism is defined as a system wherein all of the means of production are owned and run by the government and/or cooperative, nonprofit groups."
8. ↑ Brus, Wlodzimierz (2015). The Economics and Politics of Socialism. Routledge. p. 87. ISBN 978-0-415-86647-7. "This alteration in the relationship between economy and politics is evident in the very definition of a socialist economic system. The basic characteristic of such a system is generally reckoned to be the predominance of the social ownership of the means of production."
9. ↑ Michie, Jonathan (2001). Readers Guide to the Social Sciences. Routledge. p. 1516. ISBN 978-1-57958-091-9. "Just as private ownership defines capitalism, social ownership defines socialism. The essential characteristic of socialism in theory is that it destroys social hierarchies, and therefore leads to a politically and economically egalitarian society. Two closely related consequences follow. First, every individual is entitled to an equal ownership share that earns an aliquot part of the total social dividend…Second, in order to eliminate social hierarchy in the workplace, enterprises are run by those employed, and not by the representatives of private or state capital. Thus, the well-known historical tendency of the divorce between ownership and management is brought to an end. The society—i.e. every individual equally—owns capital and those who work are entitled to manage their own economic affairs."
10. ↑ [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
11. ↑ "2. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) any of various social or political theories or movements in which the common welfare is to be achieved through the establishment of a socialist economic system" "Socialism" at The Free dictionary
12. ↑ O'Hara, Phillip (2003). Encyclopedia of Political Economy, Volume 2. Routledge. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-415-24187-8. "In order of increasing decentralisation (at least) three forms of socialised ownership can be distinguished: state-owned firms, employee-owned (or socially) owned firms, and citizen ownership of equity."
13. ↑ Lamb & Docherty 2006, p. 1 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFLambDocherty2006 (help)
14. ↑ Roberts, Andrew (2004). "The State of Socialism: A Note on Terminology" (in en). Slavic Review 63 (2): 349–366. doi:10.2307/3185732. ISSN 0037-6779. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0037677900039772/type/journal_article.
15. ↑ Arnold, Scott (1994). The Philosophy and Economics of Market Socialism: A Critical Study. Oxford University Press. pp. 7–8. ISBN 978-0-19-508827-4. "This term is harder to define, since socialists disagree among themselves about what socialism ‘really is.’ It would seem that everyone (socialists and nonsocialists alike) could at least agree that it is not a system in which there is widespread private ownership of the means of production…To be a socialist is not just to believe in certain ends, goals, values, or ideals. It also requires a belief in a certain institutional means to achieve those ends; whatever that may mean in positive terms, it certainly presupposes, at a minimum, the belief that these ends and values cannot be achieved in an economic system in which there is widespread private ownership of the means of production…Those who favor socialism generally speak of social ownership, social control, or socialization of the means of production as the distinctive positive feature of a socialist economic system."
16. ↑ Hastings, Mason and Pyper, Adrian, Alistair and Hugh (21 December 2000). The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought. Oxford University Press. p. 677. ISBN 978-0-19-860024-4. https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00hast/page/677. "Socialists have always recognized that there are many possible forms of social ownership of which co-operative ownership is one...Nevertheless, socialism has throughout its history been inseparable from some form of common ownership. By its very nature it involves the abolition of private ownership of capital; bringing the means of production, distribution, and exchange into public ownership and control is central to its philosophy. It is difficult to see how it can survive, in theory or practice, without this central idea."

## External links

* v
* t
* e

Socialism

Schools of thought|

* 21st century
* Agrarian
* Communist
* Democratic
* Ethical
* Feminist
* Green
* Guild
* Labourism
* Syndicalism
* Liberal
* Market
* Marxian
* Nationalist
* Reformist
* Revolutionary
* Scientific
* Social democracy
* Utopian
* Fourierism
* Icarianism
* Owenism
* Saint-Simonianism
* Technocracy

| Libertarian
(From below)|

* Anarchism
* Collectivist
* Communist
* Free-market
* Left-wing laissez-faire
* Left-wing market
* Green
* Individualist
* Insurrectionary
* Magonism
* Mutualism
* Neozapatismo
* Participism
* Platformism
* Social
* Syndicalist
* Left-libertarianism
* Libertarian Marxism
* Left communism
* Council communism
* Luxemburgism
* Mao-Spontex
* Third camp

|

Authoritarian
(From above)|

* Barracks
* Nechayevism
* Blanquism
* Bolshevism
* Leninism
* Marxism–Leninism
* Brezhnevism
* Castroism
* Ceaușism
* Guevarism
* Ho Chi Minh Thought
* Hoxhaism
* Husakism
* Juche
* Kadarism
* Khrushchevism
* Maoism
* Dengism
* Maoism–Third Worldism
* Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
* Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Gonzalo Thought
* Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path
* Xi Jinping Thought
* Stalinism
* Neo-Stalinism
* Tkachevism
* Trotskyism
* Neo-Trotskyism
* Pabloism
* Posadism
* Orthodox Trotskyism
* State
* Lassallism

Religious|

* Buddhist
* Christian
* Islamic
* Jewish

Regional variants|

* African
* African-Caribbean
* Arab
* Bolivarian
* Chinese
* Communist
* Nationalist
* European
* Eurocommunism
* Israeli
* Indonesian
* Melanesian
* Mexican
* Soviet
* In one country
* Real
* Sri Lankan
* Third World
* Yugoslav

Key topics and issues|

* Anarchist economics
* Anti-revisionism
* Criticism of capitalism
* Criticism of socialism
* Class struggle
* Democracy
* Dictatorship of the proletariat
* Egalitarianism
* Equality of outcome
* History of anarchism
* History of communism
* History of socialism
* Impossibilism
* "The Internationale"
* Internationalism
* State-owned enterprise
* Land reform
* Left-wing politics
* Mixed economy
* Mode of production
* Nanosocialism
* Nationalization
* Planned economy
* Post-capitalism
* Proletarian revolution
* Reformism
* Revisionism
* Socialisation of production
* Socialist economics
* Socialist market economy
* Socialist state
* State capitalism
* Trade union
* Welfare state

Concepts|

* Adhocracy
* Anarchist economics
* Basic income
* Calculation in kind
* Commune
* Common ownership
* Cooperative ownership
* Decentralized planning
* Direct democracy
* Economic democracy
* Economic planning
* Equal opportunity
* Free association
* Industrial democracy
* Labor-time calculation
* Labour voucher
* Organizational self-management
* Production for use
* Public ownership
* Social dividend
* Socialist mode of production
* Technocracy
* Workplace democracy

People|

| 16th c.|

* Tommaso Campanella
* Thomas More

|

18th c.|

* Gracchus Babeuf
* Victor d'Hupay
* Gabriel Bonnot de Mably
* Sylvain Maréchal
* Étienne-Gabriel Morelly

19th c.|

* Stephen Pearl Andrews
* Mikhail Bakunin
* John Goodwyn Barmby
* Enrico Barone
* August Bebel
* Edward Bellamy
* Eduard Bernstein
* Louis Blanc
* Louis Auguste Blanqui
* Philippe Buchez
* Georg Büchner
* Philippe Buonarroti
* Étienne Cabet
* Edward Carpenter
* Nikolay Chernyshevsky
* James Connolly
* Victor Prosper Considerant
* Claire Démar
* Théodore Dézamy
* W. E. B. Du Bois
* Prosper Enfantin
* Friedrich Engels
* Charles Fourier
* Emma Goldman
* William Batchelder Greene
* Charles Hall
* Alexander Herzen
* Thomas Hodgskin
* Jean Jaurès
* Mother Jones
* Karl Kautsky
* Peter Kropotkin
* Paul Lafargue
* Albert Laponneraye
* Ferdinand Lassalle
* Pyotr Lavrov
* Alexandre Ledru-Rollin
* Pierre Leroux
* Helen Macfarlane
* Errico Malatesta
* Karl Marx
* Louise Michel
* Nikolay Mikhaylovsky
* William Morris
* Robert Owen
* Antonie Pannekoek
* Giovanni Pascoli
* Constantin Pecqueur
* Georgi Plekhanov
* Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
* Luis Emilio Recabarren
* Henri de Saint-Simon
* Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin
* George Sand
* Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz
* Eugène Sue
* Lysander Spooner
* Fred M. Taylor
* William Thompson
* Pyotr Tkachev
* Benjamin Tucker
* Suzanne Voilquin
* Alfred Russel Wallace
* Josiah Warren
* Wilhelm Weitling
* Oscar Wilde

20th c.|

* Tariq Ali
* Salvador Allende
* Louis Aragon
* Clement Attlee
* Henri Barbusse
* Zygmunt Bauman
* Simone de Beauvoir
* Walter Benjamin
* Tony Benn
* Léon Blum
* Grace Lee Boggs
* Murray Bookchin
* Bertolt Brecht
* Aristide Briand
* Nikolai Bukharin
* Cornelius Castoriadis
* Hugo Chávez
* Noam Chomsky
* G. D. H. Cole
* Jeremy Corbyn
* Bob Crow
* Guy Debord
* Eugene V. Debs
* John Dewey
* Alexander Dubček
* Albert Einstein
* Einar Gerhardsen
* Mikhail Gorbachev
* Maxim Gorky
* Antonio Gramsci
* Chris Hedges
* Eric Hobsbawm
* Dolores Ibárruri
* Pablo Iglesias Posse
* Elfriede Jelinek
* Martin Luther King Jr.
* Alexandra Kollontai
* Jack Layton
* Henri Lefebvre
* Claude Lefort
* Vladimir Lenin
* Ken Livingstone
* György Lukács
* Rosa Luxemburg
* Nestor Makhno
* Nelson Mandela
* Mao Dun
* Vladimir Mayakovsky
* Maurice Merleau-Ponty
* China Miéville
* François Mitterrand
* Evo Morales
* Imre Nagy
* Gamal Abdel Nasser
* Otto Neurath
* Paul Nizan
* Abdullah Öcalan
* Seán O'Casey
* George Orwell
* Sylvia Pankhurst
* Fred Paterson
* Pier Paolo Pasolini
* Karl Polanyi
* Bertrand Russell
* Gaetano Salvemini
* Bernie Sanders
* Jean-Paul Sartre
* Arthur Scargill
* Léopold Sédar Senghor
* George Bernard Shaw
* R. H. Tawney
* E. P. Thompson
* Ernst Toller
* Leon Trotsky
* Yanis Varoufakis
* H. G. Wells
* Cornel West
* Richard D. Wolff
* Clara Zetkin
* Howard Zinn
* Slavoj Žižek

Organizations|

* Communist International
* Fifth International
* Foro de São Paulo
* Fourth International
* International League of Peoples' Struggle
* International League of Religious Socialists
* International Marxist Tendency
* International Union of Socialist Youth
* International Workingmen's Association
* Second International
* Socialist International
* World Federation of Democratic Youth
* World Socialist Movement

See also|

* Anarchism
* Criticism of socialism
* Communism
* Economic calculation problem
* Marxist philosophy
* New Left
* Old Left
* Socialist calculation debate

* Politics portal
* Socialism portal

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