Philosophical poets

Main article: Philosophy:Sage

A philosophical poet is a poetic writer who employs poetic devices to explore subjects common to the field of philosophy, esp. those revolving around language: e.g., philosophy of language, semiotics, phenomenology, hermeneutics, literary theory, psychoanalysis, and critical theory.[1] Philosophical poets, like mystics, anchor themselves, through an ideal, to the intelligible form of the object by juxtaposing its symbols and qualities.[2][3][4] They rely on intuition and the intersubjectivity of their senses to depict reality.[5][4] Their writings address truth through figurative language (i.e. metaphor) in questions related to the meaning of life, the nature of being (ontology), theories of knowledge and knowing (epistemology), principles of beauty (aesthetics), first principles of things (metaphysics) or the existence of God.[6]

## Contents

* 1 Overview
* 2 Notable Philosophical Poets
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 Litetature

## Overview

Some philosophical poets may make broad philosophical inquires and engage with diverse philosophical topics throughout their poetry, while others may concentrate within one branch of philosophical poetry. For example, Dante is considered by some to be both a philosophical poet, in a general sense, as well as a metaphysical poet.[7]

Although a group discussion may provide fruitful conditions for some to explore philosophical themes, poetry may be seen an alternative entry into philosophical thinking.[8] Children and young writers may find it easier to begin writing philosophical poetry if they start by using poetic styles other than rhyme, such as repetitive form, since rhyme can be distracting and may interfere with the free flow of their philosophical thoughts.[8] Most, but not all, philosophical poets do eventually develop one preferred form of philosophical verse when it comes to the style of their writing.[9] For example, Rumi and Hafiz often utilize the single verse form, while Dickinson usually adheres to the quatrain form.[10] Philosophical poets hail from both the Eastern and Western traditions.

## Notable Philosophical Poets

* Dante Alighieri[11]
* John Ashbery[12]
* Gaston Bachelard[13]
* Henri Bergson[14]
* William Blake[15]
* Countee Cullen[16]
* Emily Dickinson[10]
* T.S. Eliot[9]
* Édouard Glissant[17]
* Johann Wolfgang Goethe[11][18]
* Hafiz[10]
* Gwen Harwood[19]
* Søren Kierkegaard[20]
* Khayyam[21]
* Lucretius[11]
* William Vaughn Moody[22]
* Friedrich Nietzsche[23][18]
* Njegoš[24]
* Kay Ryan[9]
* Rumi[25][9]
* George Santayana[26]
* Wallace Stevens[27]
* Tulsidas[28]
* Percy Bysshe Shelley[29][30]
* Walt Whitman[14]
* C.K. Williams[12]
* William Wordsworth[31]

## See also

* Analogon
* Atmosphere (architecture and spatial design)
* Bricolage
* Cosmopolitanism
* Dialectic
* Dianoia
* List of Persian-language poets and authors
* Logos
* Mysticism
* Negative capability
* Other
* Panpsychism
* Poetics (Aristotle)
* Praxis (process)
* Psychical nomadism
* Simulacrum
* Situationist International
* Stendhal syndrome
* Sublime
* Third eye
* Transcendence
* Transparent eyeball
* Trompe-l'œil
* Wise old man
* Wise Old Man and Wise Old Woman

## References

1. ↑ DICKINSON, COLBY (2012). "The Poetic Atheology of Giorgio Agamben: Defining the Scission Between Poetry and Philosophy". Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal 45 (1): 203–217. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44029793. Retrieved 2022-01-23. "[T]he philosophical experience of language that seeks to understand the origins of language itself, and which proceeds from the opposite direction, provides a fitting complement to the poetic experience.".
2. ↑ Zink, Sidney (1945). "Poetry and Truth". The Philosophical Review 54 (2): 132–154. doi:10.2307/2181532. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2181532. Retrieved 2022-01-23. "Poetry, more specifically metaphor, discloses that it is possible to apply symbols to an object...as a predication or qualification of a particular object. ... to penetrate more and more deeply into its qualitative nature—to enrich contemplation. ... to juxtapose [objects]...to evoke the quality which they share. ... [T]he poem [is] an individual object of contemplation, not a set of general propositions claiming truth...[but] qualities which constitute and organize.".
3. ↑ Perricone, Christopher (1994). "Poetic Philosophy: The Santayana-Eliot Connection". Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 30 (3): 637–665. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40320489. Retrieved 2022-01-23. "[L]ike poetry, philosophy, too, must idealize, but it cannot idealize itself out of this world and remain philosophy; it is the poetic, the word, the bodily word which helps to maintain philosophy's human scale[.]".
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Cioran, E. M. (1956). The Temptation To Exist. Arcade Publishing. pp. 146, 152. ISBN 978-1-61145-738-4. "[As opposed to poets and novelists,] the mystic, if he describes his inner torments, focuses his expectation on an object within which he manages to anchor himself. ... [the mystic] tends much more toward sensation than the poet, for it is by sensation that he verges upon God."
5. ↑ PERRICONE, CHRISTOPHER (1996). "Poetic Philosophy: The Bergson-Whitman Connection". The Journal of Speculative Philosophy 10 (1): 41–61. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25670170. Retrieved 2022-01-23. "Recall for Bergson that the intellect can deal only with the immobile, and its knowledge is incomplete. Intuition, however, grows out of instinct and sympathy, and the reason intuition is a knowledge that is absolute and complete is that it is a knowledge through and of the body[.]".
6. ↑ Zink, Sidney (1945). "Poetry and Truth". The Philosophical Review 54 (2): 132–154. doi:10.2307/2181532. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2181532. Retrieved 2022-01-23. "The categories of truth and existence are irrelevant to poetry. ... The poem does, nevertheless, contain certain features essential to truth ... [T]he poem can be described as true only metaphorically[.]".
7. ↑ Habib, Rafey (1999-06-28) (in en). The Early T. S. Eliot and Western Philosophy. Cambridge University Press. p. 26. ISBN 9780521624336. https://archive.org/details/earlytseliotwest0000habi. "philosophical poet definition."
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Worley, Peter (2012-09-27) (in en). The Philosophy Shop: Ideas, activities and questions to get people, young and old, thinking philosophically. Crown House Publishing. ISBN 9781781350614. https://books.google.com/books?id=LFogBQAAQBAJ.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 "Two Philosophical Poets: On T. S. Eliot and Kay Ryan « Kenyon Review Blog". 10 January 2012. http://www.kenyonreview.org/2012/01/two-philosophical-poets-on-t-s-eliot-and-kay-ryan/.
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Two Philosophical Poets: On T. S. Eliot and Kay Ryan « Kenyon Review Blog". 10 January 2012. http://www.kenyonreview.org/2012/01/two-philosophical-poets-on-t-s-eliot-and-kay-ryan/.
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Santayana, George (1910-01-01). Three philosophical poets: Lucretius, Dante, and Goethe. Cambridge Harvard University. https://archive.org/details/threephilosophic00santuoft.
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Altieri, Charles (1992). "Contemporary Poetry as Philosophy: Subjective Agency in John Ashbery and C. K. Williams". Contemporary Literature 33 (2): 214–242. doi:10.2307/1208669. ISSN 0010-7484. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1208669.
13. ↑ Lefebvre, Henri (2002). The Production of Space. Blackwell Publishing. p. 121. ISBN 0-631-18177-6. "The contents of the House have an almost ontological dignity in Bachelard: drawers, chests and cabinets are not far removed from their natural analogues, as received by the philosopher-poet ... The House is as much cosmic as it is human. ... The relationship between Home and Ego, meanwhile, borders on identity."
14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 PERRICONE, CHRISTOPHER (1996). "Poetic Philosophy: The Bergson-Whitman Connection". The Journal of Speculative Philosophy 10 (1): 41–61. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25670170. Retrieved 2022-01-23.
15. ↑ Fuller, David (2015-08-14) (in en). Blake's Heroic Argument. Routledge. ISBN 9781317381341. https://books.google.com/books?id=VMlgCgAAQBAJ.
16. ↑ Woodruff, Bertram L. (1940). "The Poetic Philosophy of Countee Cullen". Phylon 1 (3): 213–223. doi:10.2307/271989. https://www.jstor.org/stable/271989. Retrieved 2022-01-23.
17. ↑ Britton, Celia (2013). "Philosophy, Poetics, Politics". Callaloo 36 (4 ÉDOUARD GLISSANT: A Special Issue): 841–847. doi:10.1353/cal.2013.0197. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24264941. Retrieved 2022-01-23.
18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Rank, Otto (1932). Art and Artist: Creative Urge and Personality Development. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 375. ISBN 978-0-393-30574-6. "[T]here are artists, especially among the poets, for whom not only is this self-representation the essence of their work, but who are conscious to a very considerable extent of the process and have studied it 'philosophically.' Goethe and Nietzsche are perhaps the most conspicuous examples of this type[.]"
19. ↑ "Gwen Harwood and the philosophers". https://search.informit.com.au/fullText;dn=922290106296608;res=IELLCC.
20. ↑ Smith, Joseph H. (1981). Kierkegaard’s Truth: The Disclosure of the Self. Psychiatry and the Humanities. 5. Yale University Press. p. XV. ISBN 0-300-02621-8. "As a poet-philosopher Kierkegaard addressed himself to the intelligentsia of Denmark and the world[.]"
21. ↑ "The Life, Poetry and Philosophy of Omar Khayyam" (in en). https://asiasociety.org/calendars/life-poetry-and-philosophy-omar-khayyam.
22. ↑ Adkins, Nelson F. (1924). "The Poetic Philosophy of William Vaughn Moody". Texas Review 9 (2): 97–112. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43465504. Retrieved 2022-01-23.
23. ↑ Britton, Celia (2013). "Philosophy, Poetics, Politics". Callaloo 36 (4 ÉDOUARD GLISSANT: A Special Issue): 841–847. doi:10.1353/cal.2013.0197. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24264941. Retrieved 2022-01-23. "[Noudelmann] aligns Glissant rather with the marginal tradition of writers, from Lucretius to Nietzsche, who 'invented ways of writing/thinking which broke with the narrowly instrumental language of rational thought' (870).".
24. ↑ Javarek, Vera (1952). "Petar Petrović Njegoš (1813-51)". The Slavonic and East European Review 30 (75): 514–530. ISSN 0037-6795. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4204349.
25. ↑ Seyed-Gohrab, Asghar (2020). "Rūmī's Antinomian Poetic Philosophy". Mawlana Rumi Review 9 (1–2): 159–199. doi:10.1163/25898566-00901009. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26949921. Retrieved 2022-01-23. "As Rumi states, Sanai was his ears and Attar his eyes.".
26. ↑ Perricone, Christopher (1994). "Poetic Philosophy: The Santayana-Eliot Connection". Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society 30 (3): 637–665. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40320489. Retrieved 2022-01-23. "Invoking Krishna and Arjuna of the Bhagavad Gita, a philosophical poem, Santayana articulates the central problem of the spiritual life ... Santayana's...Dialogues in Limbo...[t]he whole collection of dialogues might be thought of as a symbol of the power of tradition in philosophy.".
27. ↑ Bruns, Gerald L. (2006-02-09). "Review of things merely are: Philosophy in the Poetry of Wallace Stevens". Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews. ISSN 1538-1617. https://ndpr.nd.edu/news/things-merely-are-philosophy-in-the-poetry-of-wallace-stevens/.
28. ↑ "Goswami Tulsidas - Goswami Tulsidas Biography - Poem Hunter". http://www.poemhunter.com/goswami-tulsidas/biography/.
29. ↑ "Percy Bysshe Shelley | English poet" (in en). https://www.britannica.com/biography/Percy-Bysshe-Shelley.
30. ↑ "Yeats: "The Philosophy of Shelley's Poetry" (1900)". https://www.yeatsvision.com/Shelley.html.
31. ↑ Adkins, Nelson F. (1924). "The Poetic Philosophy of William Vaughn Moody". Texas Review 9 (2): 97–112. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43465504. Retrieved 2022-01-23. "[T]he poetic philosophy of Wordsworth[.]".

## Litetature

* Chengde Chen. Philosophical Poems as 'Caricatures of Thought' // The Philosopher, Volume LXXXIX No. 2
* Iyer, Lars. «The Birth of Philosophy in Poetry: Blanchot, Char, Heraclitus.» Janus Head, Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Continental Philosophy, Literature, Phenomenological Psychology and the Arts 4. 2 (2001): 358—383.
* Magas L.I. Artistic and stylistic patterns of Ivan Franko's philosophical poems// Вісник Маріупольського державного університету. Сер.: Філологія. 2013. № 9. С. 26-31.
* Cherniss H., «Ancient forms of philosophic discourse» (1970), in H.Cherniss, Selected. Papers, ed. L. Tarán, Leyde, 1977, p. 14-35.

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