Qing

In Chinese philosophy, qing (Chinese: 情; pinyin: qíng) is a concept translated variously as "emotion", "feeling", "sentiment", or "passion".

## Contents

* 1 In Confucianism
* 2 In Daoism
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 Bibliography

## In Confucianism

In Confucian thought, qing is interpreted as the behavioural quality of a person given their context, which may be bettered through the cultivation of ren (humaneness), li (ritual propriety), and yi (righteousness) to build de, or virtuous moral character.[1] Confucian scholars, such as Han Yu, traditionally identified seven basic emotions (七情 qīqíng),[2] named in the Book of Rites as happiness (喜), anger (怒), grief (哀), fear (懼), love (愛), hate (惡), and desire (欲).[3][4]

Neo-Confucians understand qing as products of environmental circumstances affecting xing, or innate human nature.[2] This interpretation of qing as an emotional concept, especially as connected to xing, arose after the Warring States period.

## In Daoism

Daoist teaching aims to free a person from the passions (qing), as articulated by Zhuang Zhou: “[The sage] has the shape of a man, but without qing”. (Zhuangzi ch.5)[5]

## See also

* Ganqing
* Xin

## References

1. ↑ Ivanhoe & Van Norden (2001), p. 389-393.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Theobald (2010).
3. ↑ Ivanhoe (2015), p. 33.
4. ↑ Nelson (2018), pp. 200–201.
5. ↑ Averill & Sundararajan (2014), p. 39.

## Bibliography

* Pawlik, Kurt; D’Ydewalle, Géry, eds (2014). "Passion and qing: Intellectual histories of emotion, West and East". Psychological Concepts: An International Historical Perspective. Abingdon, Oxfordshire: Psychology Press. pp. 101–139. doi:10.4324/9781003076384-6. ISBN 9781003076384. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003076384-6/passion-qing-intellectual-histories-emotion-west-east-james-averill-louise-sundararajan.
* Ivanhoe, P.J.; Van Norden, B.W., eds (2001). Readings in Classical Chinese Philosophy (2nd ed.). Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Co.. p. 389-393.
* Ivanhoe, Philip J. (2015). "The Historical Significance and Contemporary Relevance of the Four-Seven Debate". Philosophy East and West 65 (2): 401–429. doi:10.1353/pew.2015.0029. https://www.cityu.edu.hk/ceacop/kpcp/draft_paper/Four Seven.pdf.
* Nelson, Eric S. (2018). "Confucian Relational Hermeneutics, the Emotions, and Ethical Life". in Fairfield, Paul; Geniusas, Saulius. Relational Hermeneutics: Essays in Comparative Philosophy. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 9781350077942. https://philarchive.org/archive/NELCRH.
* Theobald, U. (2010). "Chinese Thought and Philosophy: Neo-Confucianism". http://www.chinaknowledge.de/Literature/Classics/neoconfucianism.html.

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Chinese philosophy

Schools of Thought|

* Agriculturalism
* Confucianism
* Taoism
* Han learning
* Huang-Lao
* Legalism
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* Neo-Taoism
* New Confucianism
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* School of Names
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See also: Nine Schools of Thought and Hundred Schools of Thought

Philosophers|

* Confucius
* Gaozi
* Gongsun Long
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* Huan Tan
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* Jin Yuelin
* Laozi
* Li Si
* Lu Jiuyuan
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Concepts|

* Dào: Way
* Dé: Virtue
* Fǎ: Model
* Jiān ài: Universal Love
* Jing: Reverence
* Jìngzuo: Meditation
* Lĭ: Ritual propriety
* Li: Law
* Mìng: Mandate or fate
* Qì: Energy
* Qing: Essence
* Rén: Humaneness
* Shén: Spirit
* Si: Reflection
* Tǐ: Substance
* Tiān: Divine force
* Wú wéi: Nonaction
* Xiào: Filial piety
* Xin: Disposition or intuition
* Xing: Human nature
* Yì: Righteousness
* Yīnyáng: Interdependent opposites
* Yòng: Function
* Zhèngmíng: Rectification of names
* Zhì: Intention or will; Wisdom or cleverness
* Zìrán: Self-so or natural

Topics|

* Aesthetics
* Epistemology
* Ethics (Role ethics
* State consequentialism)
* Logic
* Metaphysics
* Political philosophy
* Social philosophy
* Theology

Regional schools|

* Lingnan Confucianism

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