Aggregate modulus

In relation to biomechanics, the aggregate modulus (Ha) is a measurement of the stiffness of a material at equilibrium when fluid has ceased flowing through it, under the application of a constant load or strain in a confined compression configuration.[1] The aggregate modulus can be calculated from Young's modulus (E) and the Poisson ratio (v).[1][2]

Ha=E(1−v)(1+v)(1−2v)

The aggregate modulus of a similar specimen is determined from a unidirectional deformational testing configuration, i.e., the only non-zero strain component is E11.[3] This configuration is opposed to the Young's modulus, which is determined from a unidirectional loading testing configuration, i.e., the only non-zero stress component is, say, in the e1 direction.[3] In this test, the only non-zero component of the stress tensor is T11.[3]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mansour, J. M. (2003). Biomechanics of cartilage. Kinesiology: the mechanics and pathomechanics of human movement, 2, 66-79.
2. ↑ Boschetti, Federica; Pennati, Giancarlo; Gervaso, Francesca; Peretti, Giuseppe M.; Dubini, Gabriele (2004). "Biomechanical properties of human articular cartilage under compressive loads". Biorheology 41 (3–4): 159–166. doi:10.1177/0006355X2004041003004001. ISSN 0006-355X. PMID 15299249.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Loret, Benjamin; Simões, Fernando M. F. (2017-05-08), "Biomechanical topics in soft tissues", Biomechanical Aspects of Soft Tissues (Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press): pp. 1–10, doi:10.1201/9781315110783-1, ISBN 978-1-315-11078-3, http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315110783-1, retrieved 2022-03-15

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