Hybrid mass spectrometer

A hybrid mass spectrometer is a device for tandem mass spectrometry that consists of a combination of two or more m/z separation devices of different types.

## Contents

* 1 Notation
* 2 Sector quadrupole
* 3 Quadrupole time-of-flight
* 4 Ion trap time-of-flight
* 5 Linear ion trap and Fourier transform mass analyzers
* 6 References

## Notation

Schematic of a quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass spectrometer.

The different m/z separation elements of a hybrid mass spectrometer can be represented by a shorthand notation. The symbol Q represents a quadrupole mass analyzer, q is a radio frequency collision quadrupole, TOF is a time-of-flight mass spectrometer, B is a magnetic sector and E is an electric sector.

## Sector quadrupole

A sector instrument can be combined with a collision quadrupole and quadrupole mass analyzer to form a hybrid instrument.[1] A BEqQ configuration with a magnetic sector (B), electric sector (E), collision quadrupole (q) and m/z selection quadrupole (Q) have been constructed[2][3] and an instrument with two electric sectors (BEEQ) has been described.[4]

## Quadrupole time-of-flight

Hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer.

A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with the final quadrupole replaced by a time-of-flight device is known as a quadrupole time-of-flight instrument.[5][6] Such an instrument can be represented as QqTOF.

## Ion trap time-of-flight

In an ion trap instrument, ions are trapped in a quadrupole ion trap and then injected into the TOF. The trap can be 3-D[7] or a linear trap.[8]

## Linear ion trap and Fourier transform mass analyzers

Hybrid linear ion trap Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer

A linear ion trap combined with a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance[9] or Orbitrap[10][11][12] mass spectrometer is marketed by Thermo Scientific as the LTQ FT and LTQ Orbitrap, respectively.

## References

1. ↑ Glish, G.; McLuckey, S; Ridley, T; Cooks, R (1982). "A new "hybrid" sector/quadrupole mass spectrometer for mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry". International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Physics 41 (3): 157–177. doi:10.1016/0020-7381(82)85032-8. Bibcode: 1982IJMSI..41..157G.
2. ↑ Schoen, A.; Amy, J.W.; Ciupek, J.D.; Cooks, R.G.; Dobberstein, P.; Jung, G. (1985). "A hybrid BEQQ mass spectrometer". International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes 65 (1–2): 125–140. doi:10.1016/0168-1176(85)85059-X. Bibcode: 1985IJMSI..65..125S.
3. ↑ Harrison, A. (1986). "A hybrid BEQQ mass spectrometer for studies in gaseous ion chemistry". International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes 74 (1): 13–31. doi:10.1016/0168-1176(86)85020-0. Bibcode: 1986IJMSI..74...13H.
4. ↑ Winger, B. E.; Laue, H. -J.; Horning, S. R.; Julian, R. K.; Lammert, S. A.; Riederer, D. E.; Cooks, R. G. (1992). "Hybrid BEEQ tandem mass spectrometer for the study of ion/surface collision processes". Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (12): 5613. doi:10.1063/1.1143391. Bibcode: 1992RScI...63.5613W.
5. ↑ "MALDI quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry: a powerful tool for proteomic research". Anal. Chem. 72 (9): 2132–41. May 2000. doi:10.1021/ac9913659. PMID 10815976.
6. ↑ "Quadrupole time-of-flight versus triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry for the determination of phosphopeptides by precursor ion scanning". J Mass Spectrom 36 (7): 782–90. July 2001. doi:10.1002/jms.174. PMID 11473401. Bibcode: 2001JMSp...36..782S.
7. ↑ "Ion fragmentation activated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization in an ion-trap/reflectron time-of-flight device". Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 8 (5): 407–16. May 1994. doi:10.1002/rcm.1290080514. PMID 7517726. Bibcode: 1994RCMS....8..407F.
8. ↑ Campbell, J. M.; Collings, B. A.; Douglas, D. J. (1998). "A new linear ion trap time-of-flight system with tandem mass spectrometry capabilities". Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 12 (20): 1463–1474. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0231(19981030)12:20<1463::AID-RCM357>3.0.CO;2-H.
9. ↑ "Novel linear quadrupole ion trap/FT mass spectrometer: performance characterization and use in the comparative analysis of histone H3 post-translational modifications". J. Proteome Res. 3 (3): 621–6. 2004. doi:10.1021/pr0499794. PMID 15253445.
10. ↑ "Performance evaluation of a hybrid linear ion trap/orbitrap mass spectrometer". Anal. Chem. 78 (7): 2113–20. 2006. doi:10.1021/ac0518811. PMID 16579588.
11. ↑ "Parts per million mass accuracy on an Orbitrap mass spectrometer via lock mass injection into a C-trap". Mol. Cell. Proteomics 4 (12): 2010–21. December 2005. doi:10.1074/mcp.T500030-MCP200. PMID 16249172. http://www.mcponline.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16249172.
12. ↑ "Performance of a linear ion trap-Orbitrap hybrid for peptide analysis". Anal. Chem. 78 (2): 493–500. January 2006. doi:10.1021/ac0514624. PMID 16408932.

* v
* t
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Mass spectrometry

* Mass
* m/z
* Mass spectrum
* MS software
* Acronyms

Ion source|

* AMS
* APCI
* APLI
* CI
* DAPPI
* DART
* DESI
* DIOS
* EESI
* EI
* ESI
* FAB
* FD
* GD
* IA
* ICP
* LAESI
* MALDI
* MALDESI
* MIP
* PTR
* SESI
* SIMS
* SS
* SSI
* SELDI
* TI
* TS

Mass analyzer|

* Sector
* Wien filter
* Time-of-flight
* Quadrupole mass filter
* Quadrupole ion trap
* Penning trap
* FT-ICR
* Orbitrap

Detector|

* Electron multiplier
* Microchannel plate detector
* Daly detector
* Faraday cup
* Langmuir–Taylor detector

MS combination|

* MS/MS
* QqQ
* Hybrid MS
* GC/MS
* LC/MS
* IMS/MS
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Fragmentation|

* BIRD
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* EDD
* ETD
* HCD
* IRMPD
* NETD
* SID

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