Isotopes of bismuth

Short description: Nuclides with atomic number of 83 but with different mass numbers

Main isotopes of Chemistry:bismuth (83Bi) | Iso­tope | Decay

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| abun­dance | half-life (t1/2) | mode | pro­duct
207Bi  | syn | 31.55 y  | β+ | 207Pb
208Bi  | syn  | 3.68×105 y  | β+ | 208Pb
209Bi | 100%  | 2.01×1019 y  | α | 205Tl
210Bi  | trace | 5.012 d  | β− | 210Po
α  | 206Tl
210mBi  | syn  | 3.04×106 y  | IT | 210Bi
α  | 206Tl
Standard atomic weight Ar, standard(Bi)|

* 208.98040(1)[1]

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Bismuth (83Bi) has 41 known isotopes, ranging from 184Bi to 224Bi. Bismuth has no stable isotopes, but does have one very long-lived isotope; thus, the standard atomic weight can be given as 208.98040(1). Although bismuth-209 is now known to be radioactive, it has classically been considered to be a stable isotope because it has a half-life of approximately 2.01×1019 years, which is more than a billion times the age of the universe. Besides 209Bi, the most stable bismuth radioisotopes are 210mBi with a half-life of 3.04 million years, 208Bi with a half-life of 368,000 years and 207Bi, with a half-life of 32.9 years, none of which occurs in nature. All other isotopes have half-lives under 1 year, most under a day. Of naturally occurring radioisotopes, the most stable is radiogenic 210Bi with a half-life of 5.012 days. 210mBi is unusual for being a nuclear isomer with a half-life multiple orders of magnitude longer than that of the ground state.

## List of isotopes

Nuclide
[n 1] | Historic
name  | Z | N | Isotopic mass (u)
[n 2][n 3] | Half-life
[n 4] | Decay
mode
[n 5] | Daughter
isotope
[n 6] | Spin and
parity
[n 7][n 8] | Physics:Natural abundance (mole fraction)

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Excitation energy[n 8] | Normal proportion  | Range of variation
184Bi[2] |  | 83  | 101  | 184 00135(13)#  | 13(2) ms  | α | 180Tl  | 3+#  |  |
184mBi  |  | 150(100)# keV  | 6.6(15) ms  | α  | 180Tl  | 10−#  |  |
185Bi[3] |  | 83  | 102  | 184.99760(9)#  | 2.8+2.3
−1.0 μs | p (92%)  | 184Pb  | (1/2+)  |  |
α (8%)  | 181Tl
185mBi  |  | 70(50)# keV  | 58(2) μs  | IT  | 185Bi  | (7/2−, 9/2−)  |  |
186Bi[4] |  | 83  | 103  | 185.996623(18)  | 14.8(7) ms  | α  | 182Tl  | (3+)  |  |
β+?  | 186Pb
β+, SF (0.011%)  | (various)
186mBi  |  | 170(100)# keV  | 9.8(4) ms  | α  | 182Tl  | (10−)  |  |
β+?  | 186Pb
β+, SF (0.011%)  | (various)
187Bi[4] |  | 83  | 104  | 186.993147(11)  | 37(2) ms  | α  | 183Tl  | (9/2−)  |  |
β+ (rare)  | 187Pb
187m1Bi  |  | 108(8) keV  | 370(20) μs  | α  | 183Tl  | (1/2+)  |  |
187m2Bi  |  | 252(3) keV  | 7(5) μs  | IT  | 187Bi  | (13/2+)  |  |
188Bi[4] |  | 83  | 105  | 187.992276(12)  | 60(3) ms  | α  | 184Tl  | (3+)  |  |
β+ (rare)  | 188Pb
β+, SF (0.0014%)  | (various)
188m1Bi  |  | 66(30) keV  | >5 μs  | IT  | 184Tl  | 7+#  |  |
188m2Bi  |  | 153(30) keV  | 265(15) ms  | α  | 184Tl  | (10−)  |  |
β+ (rare)  | 188Pb
189Bi[4] |  | 83  | 106  | 188.989195(22)  | 688(5) ms  | α  | 185Tl  | (9/2−)  |  |
β+?  | 189Pb
189m1Bi  |  | 184(5) keV  | 5.0(1) ms  | α (83%)  | 185Tl  | (1/2+)  |  |
IT (17%)  | 189Bi
189m2Bi  |  | 357.6(5) keV  | 880(50) ns  | IT  | 189Bi  | (13/2+)  |  |
190Bi[4] |  | 83  | 107  | 189.988625(23)  | 6.3(1) s  | α (77%)  | 186Tl  | (3+)  |  |
β+ (23%)  | 190Pb
β+, SF (6×10-6%)  | (various)
190m1Bi  |  | 120(40) keV  | 6.2(1) s  | α (70%)  | 186Tl  | (10−)  |  |
β+ (30%)  | 190Pb
β+,SF (4×10-6%)  | (various)
190m2Bi  |  | 121(15) keV  | 175(8) ns  | IT  | 190Bi  | (5−)  |  |
190m3Bi  |  | 394(40) keV  | 1.3(8) μs  | IT  | 190Bi  | (8−)  |  |
191Bi[4] |  | 83  | 108  | 190.985787(8)  | 12.4(3) s  | α (51%)  | 187Tl  | (9/2−)  |  |
β+ (49%)  | 191Pb
191m1Bi  |  | 242(4) keV  | 124(5) ms  | α (68%)  | 187Tl  | (1/2+)  |  |
IT (32%)  | 191Bi
β+ (rare)  | 191Pb
191m2Bi  |  | 429.7(5) keV  | 562(10) ns  | IT  | 191Bi  | (13/2+)  |  |
191m3Bi  |  | 1875(25)# keV  | 400(40) ns  | IT  | 191Bi  | 25/2-#  |  |
192Bi  |  | 83  | 109  | 191.98547(3)  | 34.6(9) s  | β+ (82%)  | 192Pb  | (3+)  |  |
α (18%)  | 188Tl
192mBi  |  | 150(30) keV  | 39.6(4) s  | β+ (90.8%)  | 192Pb  | (10−)  |  |
α (9.2%)  | 188Tl
193Bi  |  | 83  | 110  | 192.982947(8)  | 67(3) s  | β+ (95%)  | 193Pb  | (9/2−)  |  |
α (5%)  | 189Tl
193mBi  |  | 308(7) keV  | 3.2(6) s  | α (90%)  | 189Tl  | (1/2+)  |  |
β+ (10%)  | 193Pb
194Bi  |  | 83  | 111  | 193.982799(6)  | 95(3) s  | β+ (99.54%)  | 194Pb  | (3+)  |  |
α (.46%)  | 190Tl
194m1Bi  |  | 110(70) keV  | 125(2) s  | β+ | 194Pb  | (6+, 7+)  |  |
α (rare)  | 190Tl
194m2Bi  |  | 230(90)# keV  | 115(4) s  |  |  | (10−)  |  |
195Bi  |  | 83  | 112  | 194.980649(6)  | 183(4) s  | β+ (99.97%)  | 195Pb  | (9/2−)  |  |
α (.03%)  | 191Tl
195m1Bi  |  | 399(6) keV  | 87(1) s  | β+ (67%)  | 195Pb  | (1/2+)  |  |
α (33%)  | 191Tl
195m2Bi  |  | 2311.4+X keV  | 750(50) ns  |  |  | (29/2−)  |  |
196Bi  |  | 83  | 113  | 195.980667(26)  | 5.1(2) min  | β+ (99.99%)  | 196Pb  | (3+)  |  |
α (.00115%)  | 192Tl
196m1Bi  |  | 166.6(30) keV  | 0.6(5) s  | IT  | 196Bi  | (7+)  |  |
β+ | 196Pb
196m2Bi  |  | 270(3) keV  | 4.00(5) min  |  |  | (10−)  |  |
197Bi  |  | 83  | 114  | 196.978865(9)  | 9.33(50) min  | β+ (99.99%)  | 197Pb  | (9/2−)  |  |
α (10−4%)  | 193Tl
197m1Bi  |  | 690(110) keV  | 5.04(16) min  | α (55%)  | 193Tl  | (1/2+)  |  |
β+ (45%)  | 197Pb
IT (.3%)  | 197Bi
197m2Bi  |  | 2129.3(4) keV  | 204(18) ns  |  |  | (23/2−)  |  |
197m3Bi  |  | 2360.4(5)+X keV  | 263(13) ns  |  |  | (29/2−)  |  |
197m4Bi  |  | 2383.1(7)+X keV  | 253(39) ns  |  |  | (29/2−)  |  |
197m5Bi  |  | 2929.5(5) keV  | 209(30) ns  |  |  | (31/2−)  |  |
198Bi  |  | 83  | 115  | 197.979201(30)  | 10.3(3) min  | β+ | 198Pb  | (2+, 3+)  |  |
198m1Bi  |  | 280(40) keV  | 11.6(3) min  | β+ | 198Pb  | (7+)  |  |
198m2Bi  |  | 530(40) keV  | 7.7(5) s  |  |  | 10−  |  |
199Bi  |  | 83  | 116  | 198.977673(11)  | 27(1) min  | β+ | 199Pb  | 9/2−  |  |
199m1Bi  |  | 667(4) keV  | 24.70(15) min  | β+ (98%)  | 199Pb  | (1/2+)  |  |
IT (2%)  | 199Bi
α (.01%)  | 195Tl
199m2Bi  |  | 1947(25) keV  | 0.10(3) μs  |  |  | (25/2+)  |  |
199m3Bi  |  | ~2547.0 keV  | 168(13) ns  |  |  | 29/2−  |  |
200Bi  |  | 83  | 117  | 199.978131(24)  | 36.4(5) min  | β+ | 200Pb  | 7+  |  |
200m1Bi  |  | 100(70)# keV  | 31(2) min  | EC (90%)  | 200Pb  | (2+)  |  |
IT (10%)  | 200Bi
200m2Bi  |  | 428.20(10) keV  | 400(50) ms  |  |  | (10−)  |  |
201Bi  |  | 83  | 118  | 200.976995(13)  | 108(3) min  | β+ (99.99%)  | 201Pb  | 9/2−  |  |
α (10−4%)  | 197Tl
201m1Bi  |  | 846.34(21) keV  | 59.1(6) min  | EC (92.9%)  | 201Pb  | 1/2+  |  |
IT (6.8%)  | 201Bi
α (.3%)  | 197Tl
201m2Bi  |  | 1932.2+X keV  | 118(28) ns  |  |  | (25/2+)  |  |
201m3Bi  |  | 1971.2+X keV  | 105(75) ns  |  |  | (27/2+)  |  |
201m4Bi  |  | 2739.90(20)+X keV  | 124(4) ns  |  |  | (29/2−)  |  |
202Bi  |  | 83  | 119  | 201.977723(15)  | 1.72(5) h  | β+ | 202Pb  | 5(+#)  |  |
α (10−5%)  | 198Tl
202m1Bi  |  | 615(7) keV  | 3.04(6) μs  |  |  | (10#)−  |  |
202m2Bi  |  | 2607.1(5) keV  | 310(50) ns  |  |  | (17+)  |  |
203Bi  |  | 83  | 120  | 202.976892(14)  | 11.76(5) h  | β+ | 203Pb  | 9/2−  |  |
α (10−5%)  | 199Tl
203m1Bi  |  | 1098.14(7) keV  | 303(5) ms  | IT  | 203Bi  | 1/2+  |  |
203m2Bi  |  | 2041.5(6) keV  | 194(30) ns  |  |  | 25/2+  |  |
204Bi  |  | 83  | 121  | 203.977836(10)  | 11.22(10) h  | β+ | 204Pb | 6+  |  |
204m1Bi  |  | 805.5(3) keV  | 13.0(1) ms  | IT  | 204Bi  | 10−  |  |
204m2Bi  |  | 2833.4(11) keV  | 1.07(3) ms  |  |  | (17+)  |  |
205Bi  |  | 83  | 122  | 204.977385(5)  | 15.31(4) d  | β+ | 205Pb  | 9/2−  |  |
206Bi  |  | 83  | 123  | 205.978499(8)  | 6.243(3) d  | β+ | 206Pb | 6(+)  |  |
206m1Bi  |  | 59.897(17) keV  | 7.7(2) μs  |  |  | (4+)  |  |
206m2Bi  |  | 1044.8(5) keV  | 890(10) μs  |  |  | (10−)  |  |
207Bi  |  | 83  | 124  | 206.9784706(26)  | 32.9(14) y  | β+ | 207Pb | 9/2−  |  |
207mBi  |  | 2101.49(16) keV  | 182(6) μs  |  |  | 21/2+  |  |
208Bi  |  | 83  | 125  | 207.9797421(25)  | 3.68(4)×105 y  | β+ | 208Pb | (5)+  |  |
208mBi  |  | 1571.1(4) keV  | 2.58(4) ms  | IT  | 208Bi  | (10)−  |  |
209Bi
[n 9][n 10] |  | 83  | 126  | 208.9803986(15)  | 2.01(8)×1019 y
[n 11] | α  | 205Tl | 9/2−  | 1.0000  |
210Bi  | Radium E  | 83  | 127  | 209.9841202(15)  | 5.012(5) d  | β− | 210Po  | 1−  | Trace[n 12] |
α (1.32×10−4%)  | 206Tl
210mBi  |  | 271.31(11) keV  | 3.04(6)×106 y  | α  | 206Tl  | 9−  |  |
211Bi  | Actinium C  | 83  | 128  | 210.987269(6)  | 2.14(2) min  | α (99.72%)  | 207Tl  | 9/2−  | Trace[n 13] |
β− (.276%)  | 211Po
211mBi  |  | 1257(10) keV  | 1.4(3) μs  |  |  | (25/2−)  |  |
212Bi  | Thorium C  | 83  | 129  | 211.991285(2)  | 60.55(6) min  | β− (64.05%)  | 212Po  | 1(−)  | Trace[n 14] |
α (35.94%)  | 208Tl
β−, α (.014%)  | 208Pb
212m1Bi  |  | 250(30) keV  | 25.0(2) min  | α (67%)  | 208Tl  | (9−)  |  |
β− (33%)  | 212mPo
β−, α (.3%)  | 208Pb
212m2Bi  |  | 2200(200)# keV  | 7.0(3) min  |  |  | >16  |  |
213Bi
[n 15][n 16] |  | 83  | 130  | 212.994384(5)  | 45.59(6) min  | β− (97.91%)  | 213Po  | 9/2−  | Trace[n 17] |
α (2.09%)  | 209Tl
214Bi  | Radium C  | 83  | 131  | 213.998711(12)  | 19.9(4) min  | β− (99.97%)  | 214Po  | 1−  | Trace[n 12] |
α (.021%)  | 210Tl
β−, α (.003%)  | 210Pb
215Bi  |  | 83  | 132  | 215.001749(6)  | 7.6(2) min  | β− | 215Po  | (9/2−)  | Trace[n 13] |
215mBi  |  | 1347.5(25) keV  | 36.9(6) s  | IT (76.9%)  | 215Bi  | (25/2−)  |  |
β− (23.1%)  | 215Po
216Bi  |  | 83  | 133  | 216.006306(12)  | 2.17(5) min  | β− | 216Po  | (6−, 7−)  |  |
216mBi  |  | 24(19) keV  | 6.6(21) min  | β− | 216Po  | 3−#  |  |
217Bi  |  | 83  | 134  | 217.009372(19)  | 98.5(8) s  | β− | 217Po  | 9/2−#  |  |
217mBi  |  | 1480(40) keV  | 2.70(6) μs  | IT  | 217Bi  | 25/2−#  |  |
218Bi  |  | 83  | 135  | 218.014188(29)  | 33(1) s  | β− | 218Po  | (6−, 7−, 8−)  |  |
219Bi  |  | 83  | 136  | 219.01752(22)#  | 8.7(29) s  | β− | 219Po  | 9/2−#  |  |
220Bi  |  | 83  | 137  | 220.02250(32)#  | 9.5(57) s  | β− | 220Po  | 1−#  |  |
221Bi  |  | 83  | 138  | 221.02598(32)#  | 2# s  | β−?  | 221Po  | 9/2−#  |  |
β−, n?  | 220Po
222Bi  |  | 83  | 139  | 222.03108(32)#  | 3# s  | β−?  | 222Po  | 1−#  |  |
β−, n?  | 221Po
223Bi  |  | 83  | 140  | 223.03461(43)#  | 1# s  | β−?  | 223Po  | 9/2−#  |  |
β−, n?  | 222Po
224Bi  |  | 83  | 141  | 224.03980(43)#  | 1# s  | β−?  | 224Po  | 1−#  |  |
β−, n?  | 223Po

1. ↑ mBi - Excited nuclear isomer.
2. ↑ ( ) - Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
3. ↑ # - Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
4. ↑ Bold half-life - nearly stable, half-life longer than age of universe.
5. ↑ Modes of decay:  EC: | Electron capture

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IT: | Isomeric transition

p: | Proton emission
6. ↑ Bold symbol as daughter - Daughter product is stable.
7. ↑ ( ) spin value - Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 # - Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
9. ↑ Formerly believed to be final decay product of 4n+1 decay chain
10. ↑ Primordial radioisotope, also some is radiogenic from the extinct nuclide 237Np
11. ↑ Formerly believed to be the heaviest stable nuclide
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Intermediate decay product of 238U
13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Intermediate decay product of 235U
14. ↑ Intermediate decay product of 232Th
15. ↑ Used in medicine such as for cancer treatment.
16. ↑ A byproduct of thorium reactors via 233U.
17. ↑ Intermediate decay product of 237Np

## Bismuth-213

Bismuth-213 (213Bi) has a half-life of 45 minutes and decays via alpha emission. Commercially, bismuth-213 can be produced by bombarding radium with bremsstrahlung photons from a linear particle accelerator, which populates its progenitor actinium-225. In 1997, an antibody conjugate with 213Bi was used to treat patients with leukemia. This isotope has also been tried in targeted alpha therapy (TAT) program to treat a variety of cancers.[5] Bismuth-213 is also found in the decay chain of uranium-233, which is the fuel bred by thorium reactors.

## References

1. ↑ Meija, Juris; Coplen, Tyler B.; Berglund, Michael; Brand, Willi A.; De Bièvre, Paul; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Irrgeher, Johanna et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
2. ↑ Andreyev, A. N.; Ackermann, D.; Heßberger, F. P.; Hofmann, S.; Huyse, M.; Kojouharov, I.; Kindler, B.; Lommel, B. et al. (1 October 2003). "α-decay spectroscopy of light odd-odd Bi isotopes - II: 186Bi and the new nuclide 184Bi" (in en). The European Physical Journal A 18 (1): 55–64. doi:10.1140/epja/i2003-10051-1. ISSN 1434-601X. Bibcode: 2003EPJA...18...55A. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/i2003-10051-1.pdf. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
3. ↑ Doherty, D. T.; Andreyev, A. N.; Seweryniak, D.; Woods, P. J.; Carpenter, M. P.; Auranen, K.; Ayangeakaa, A. D.; Back, B. B. et al. (12 November 2021). "Solving the Puzzles of the Decay of the Heaviest Known Proton-Emitting Nucleus 185Bi" (in en). Physical Review Letters 127 (20): 202501. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.202501. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 34860042. Bibcode: 2021PhRvL.127t2501D. https://journals.aps.org/prl/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.202501. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (1 March 2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear physics properties *" (in English). Chinese Physics C, High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae. ISSN 1674-1137. Bibcode: 2021ChPhC..45c0001K.
5. ↑ Imam, S (2001). "Advancements in cancer therapy with alpha-emitters: a review". International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 51 (1): 271–278. doi:10.1016/S0360-3016(01)01585-1. PMID 11516878.

* Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
* Wieser, Michael E. (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051.
* Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
* Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A 729: 3–128, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001, Bibcode: 2003NuPhA.729....3A, https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00020241/document
* National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Brookhaven National Laboratory. http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/.
* Lide, David R., ed (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.

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Iso's * List

84  |

Iso's * List

85  |

Iso's * List

7 |

Iso's * List

87  |

Iso's * List

88  |

Iso's * List

89  |  |

Iso's * List

104  |

Iso's * List

105  |

Iso's * List

106  |

Iso's * List

107  |

Iso's * List

108  |

Iso's * List

109  |

Iso's * List

110  |

Iso's * List

111  |

Iso's * List

112  |

Iso's * List

113  |

Iso's * List

114  |

Iso's * List

115  |

Iso's * List

116  |

Iso's * List

117  |

Iso's * List

118
|  |  |  |  |

Iso's * List

58  |

Iso's * List

59  |

Iso's * List

60  |

Iso's * List

61  |

Iso's * List

62  |

Iso's * List

63  |

Iso's * List

64  |

Iso's * List

65  |

Iso's * List

66  |

Iso's * List

67  |

Iso's * List

68  |

Iso's * List

69  |

Iso's * List

70  |

Iso's * List

71  |
|  |

Iso's * List

90  |

Iso's * List

91  |

Iso's * List

92  |

Iso's * List

93  |

Iso's * List

94  |

Iso's * List

95  |

Iso's * List

96  |

Iso's * List

97  |

Iso's * List

98  |

Iso's * List

99  |

Iso's * List

100  |

Iso's * List

101  |

Iso's * List

102  |

Iso's * List

103

* Table of nuclides
* Categories: Isotopes
* Tables of nuclides
* Metastable isotopes
* Isotopes by element

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes of bismuth. Read more

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