Macroscopic quantum state

A macroscopic quantum state is a state of matter in which macroscopic properties, such as mechanical motion,[1] thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity[2] and viscosity, can be described only by quantum mechanics rather than merely classical mechanics.[3] This occurs primarily at low temperatures where little thermal motion is present to mask the quantum nature of a substance. Macroscopic quantum phenomena can emerge from coherent states of superfluids and superconductors.[4] Quantum states of motion have been directly observed in a macroscopic mechanical resonator (see quantum machine).

## References

1. ↑ O'Connell, A. D.; Hofheinz, M.; Ansmann, M.; Bialczak, Radoslaw C.; Lenander, M.; Lucero, Erik; Neeley, M.; Sank, D. et al. (2010). "Quantum ground state and single-phonon control of a mechanical resonator". Nature 464 (7289): 697–703. doi:10.1038/nature08967. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 20237473. Bibcode: 2010Natur.464..697O.
2. ↑ Ansmann, Markus; Wang, H.; Bialczak, Radoslaw C.; Hofheinz, Max; Lucero, Erik; Neeley, M.; O'Connell, A. D.; Sank, D. et al. (2009). "Violation of Bell's inequality in Josephson phase qubits". Nature 461 (7263): 504–506. doi:10.1038/nature08363. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 19779447. Bibcode: 2009Natur.461..504A.
3. ↑ Jaeger, Gregg (September 2014). "What in the (quantum) world is macroscopic?". American Journal of Physics 82 (9): 896–905. doi:10.1119/1.4878358. Bibcode: 2014AmJPh..82..896J.
4. ↑ Jaeger, Gregg (September 2014). "What in the (quantum) world is macroscopic?". American Journal of Physics 82 (9): 896–905. doi:10.1119/1.4878358. Bibcode: 2014AmJPh..82..896J.

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