POLDER

POLDER 1

Mission type| Earth observation
Operator| CNES
Website| CNES Page
Spacecraft properties
Launch mass| ~30 kg (66 lb)
Power| 30W
Start of mission
Launch date| Error: A timezone cannot be set without a day and hour (help)
Rocket| H-II (POLDER 1)[1]
Launch site| Tanegashima Space Center
Main push broom scanner
Type| Telecentric lens
Focal length| 3.57 mm (0.141 in)
Wavelengths| 443 and 910 nm FWHM
Resolution| 242x548 pixels
Transponders
Band| Formed broad beam pattern UHF antenna
TWTA power| >5W
EIRP| 27.1 dBm

POLDER 2 ->

POLDER 2

Mission type| Earth observation
Operator| CNES
Website| CNES Page
Spacecraft properties
Launch mass| ~30 kg (66 lb)
Power| 30W
Start of mission
Launch date| Error: A timezone cannot be set without a day and hour (help)
Rocket| H-IIA (POLDER 1)[1]
Launch site| Tanegashima Space Center
Main push broom scanner
Type| Telecentric lens
Focal length| 3.57 mm (0.141 in)
Wavelengths| 443 and 910 nm FWHM
Resolution| 242x548 pixels
Transponders
Band| Formed broad beam pattern UHF antenna
TWTA power| >5W
EIRP| 27.1 dBm

<- POLDER 1

POLDER 3 ->

POLDER 3

Mission type| Earth observation
Operator| CNES
Website| CNES Page
Spacecraft properties
Launch mass| ~30 kg (66 lb)
Power| 30W
Start of mission
Launch date| Error: A timezone cannot be set without a day and hour (help)
Rocket| Ariane 5G
Launch site| Guiana Space Centre
Main push broom scanner
Type| Telecentric lens
Focal length| 3.57 mm (0.141 in)
Wavelengths| 443 and 910 nm FWHM
Resolution| 242x548 pixels
Transponders
Band| Formed broad beam pattern UHF antenna
TWTA power| >5W
EIRP| 27.1 dBm

<- POLDER 2

PARASOL ->

POLDER (POLarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectances) is a passive optical imaging radiometer[2] and polarimeter[3] instrument developed by the French space agency CNES.

## Contents

* 1 Description
* 1.1 Specifications
* 1.1.1 Imaging
* 1.1.2 Spectral characteristics
* 1.1.3 Data transfer
* 2 Missions
* 3 Footnotes
* 4 Sources
* 5 External links

## Description

The device was designed to observe solar radiation reflected by Earth's atmosphere, including studies of tropospheric aerosols, sea surface reflectance, bidirectional reflectance distribution function of land surfaces, and the Earth Radiation Budget.[4]

### Specifications

POLDER has a mass of approximately 30 kilograms (66 lb), and has a power consumption of 77 W in imaging mode (with a mean consumption of 29 W).[5]

#### Imaging

POLDER utilizes a push broom scanner. The device's optical system uses a telecentric lens and a charged coupled device matrix with a resolution of 242x548 pixels.[3] The focal length is 3.57 millimetres (0.141 in) with a focal ratio of 4.6. The field of view ranges from ±43° to ±57°, depending on the tracking method.[3]

#### Spectral characteristics

The device scans between 443 and 910 nm FWHM, depending on the objective of the measurement. The shorter wavelengths (443–565 nm) typically measure ocean color, whereas the longer wavelengths (670–910 nm) are used to study vegetation and water vapor content.[3]

#### Data transfer

It transmits data on 465.9875 MHz at bit rate of 200 bit/s, and receives on 401.65 MHz at 400 bit/s.[2] The data rate is 880 kbit/s at a quantization level of 12 bits.

## Missions

POLDER was first launched as a passenger instrument aboard ADEOS I[4] on 17 August 1996.[6] The mission ended on 30 June 1997 when communication from the host satellite failed.[7] POLDER 2 was launched in December 2002 aboard ADEOS II. The second mission ended prematurely after 10 months when the satellite's solar panel malfunctioned.[8] A third generation instrument was launched on board the French PARASOL microsatellite. The satellite was maneuvered out of the A-train on 2 December 2009 and permanently shut down on 18 December 2013.[9]

## Footnotes

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 (Krebs 2010)
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 (Kramer 2002)
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 (Kramer 2002)
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 (Kramer 2002)
5. ↑ (Kramer 2002)
6. ↑ (Kramer 2002)
7. ↑ (Satellite News Digest 2006)
8. ↑ (Satellite News Digest 2003)
9. ↑ "POLDER/PARASOL Mision". University of Lille. http://www.icare.univ-lille1.fr/parasol/mission. Retrieved 9 June 2017.

## Sources

* Kramer, Herbert J (2002), Observation of the Earth and Its Environment: Survey of Missions and Sensors, Berlin, Germany: Springer Science+Business Media, ISBN 3-540-42388-5
* Krebs, Gunter (2010), ADEOS 1 (Midori 1), Germany: Gunter's Space Page, http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/adeos-1.htm, retrieved 19 September 2010
* Satellite News Digest (2006), Midori I (ADEOS I), Luebeck, Germany: Sat-ND, http://www.sat-index.co.uk/failures/index.html?http://www.sat-index.co.uk/failures/midori1.html, retrieved 19 September 2010
* Satellite News Digest (2003), Midori II (ADEOS II), Luebeck, Germany: Sat-ND, http://www.sat-index.co.uk/failures/index.html?http://www.sat-index.co.uk/failures/midori2.html, retrieved 17 September 2010

## External links

* POLDER website

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