Regenerative cooling

Short description: Technique for cooling gases

For regenerative cooling in rockets, see Regenerative cooling (rocketry).

Thermodynamics

The classical Carnot heat engine

Branches

* Classical
* Statistical
* Chemical
* Quantum thermodynamics

* Equilibrium / Non-equilibrium

Laws

* Zeroth
* First
* Second
* Third

Systems

|  State

* Equation of state
* Ideal gas
* Real gas
* State of matter
* Equilibrium
* Control volume
* Instruments

Processes

* Isobaric
* Isochoric
* Isothermal
* Adiabatic
* Isentropic
* Isenthalpic
* Quasistatic
* Polytropic
* Free expansion
* Reversibility
* Irreversibility
* Endoreversibility

Cycles

* Heat engines
* Heat pumps
* Thermal efficiency

System properties

Note: Conjugate variables in italics

* Property diagrams
* Intensive and extensive properties

Process functions

* Work
* Heat

Functions of state

* Temperature / Entropy (introduction)
* Pressure / Volume
* Chemical potential / Particle number
* Vapor quality
* Reduced properties

Material properties

* Property databases

| Specific heat capacity | c= | | T| ∂S

|

N| ∂T
Compressibility | β=− | | 1| ∂V

|

V| ∂p
Thermal expansion | α= | | 1| ∂V

|

V| ∂T

Equations

* Carnot's theorem
* Clausius theorem
* Fundamental relation
* Ideal gas law

* Maxwell relations
* Onsager reciprocal relations
* Bridgman's equations
* Table of thermodynamic equations

Potentials

* Free energy
* Free entropy

* Internal energy
U(S,V)
* Enthalpy
H(S,p)=U+pV
* Helmholtz free energy
A(T,V)=U−TS
* Gibbs free energy
G(T,p)=H−TS

* History
* Culture

|  History

* General
* Entropy
* Gas laws

* "Perpetual motion" machines

Philosophy

* Entropy and time
* Entropy and life
* Brownian ratchet
* Maxwell's demon
* Heat death paradox
* Loschmidt's paradox
* Synergetics

Theories

* Caloric theory
* Theory of heat

* Vis viva ("living force")
* Mechanical equivalent of heat
* Motive power

Key publications

* "An Experimental Enquiry
Concerning ... Heat"

* "On the Equilibrium of
Heterogeneous Substances"

* "Reflections on the
Motive Power of Fire"

Timelines

* Thermodynamics
* Heat engines

* Art
* Education

* Maxwell's thermodynamic surface
* Entropy as energy dispersal

Scientists

* Bernoulli
* Boltzmann
* Carnot
* Clapeyron
* Clausius
* Carathéodory
* Duhem
* Gibbs
* von Helmholtz
* Joule
* Maxwell
* von Mayer
* Onsager
* Rankine
* Smeaton
* Stahl
* Thompson
* Thomson
* van der Waals
* Waterston

* Book
* Category

* v
* t
* e

Regenerative cooling is a method of cooling gases in which compressed gas is cooled by allowing it to expand and thereby take heat from the surroundings. The cooled expanded gas then passes through a heat exchanger where it cools the incoming compressed gas.[1]

## Contents

* 1 Regenerative cycles
* 2 History
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Regenerative cycles

* Stirling cycle
* Gifford–McMahon cycle
* Vuilleumier cycle
* Pulse tube refrigerator

## History

In 1857, Siemens introduced the regenerative cooling concept with the Siemens cycle.[2] In 1895, William Hampson in England[3] and Carl von Linde in Germany[4] independently developed and patented the Hampson–Linde cycle to liquefy air using the Joule–Thomson expansion process and regenerative cooling.[5] On 10 May 1898, James Dewar used regenerative cooling to become the first to statically liquefy hydrogen.

## See also

* Cryocooler
* Displacer
* Fluid mechanics
* Regenerative cooling (rocket)
* Regenerative heat exchanger
* Thermodynamic cycle
* Timeline of hydrogen technologies

## References

1. ↑ "Cryogenic microcooling Pag.25". http://www.ub.utwente.nl/webdocs/tn/1/t000001c.pdf.
2. ↑ Charles William Siemens, "Improvements in refrigerating and producing ice, and in apparatus or machinery for that purpose", British patent no. 2064 (filed: July 29, 1857).
3. ↑ W. Hampson, "Improvements relating to the progressive refrigerating of gases", British patent 10,165 (filed: May 23, 1895).
4. ↑ Linde, Carl, "Verfahren zur Verflüssigung atmosphärischer Luft oder anderer Gase" (Method for the liquefication of atmospheric air or other gases), German patent 88,824 (filed: June 5, 1895).
5. ↑ Hydrogen through the Nineteenth Century

## External links

* Regenerative Coolers
* Regenerative Cycle Video

* v
* t
* e

Thermodynamic cycles

External
combustion|

Without phase change
(hot air engines)

* Bell Coleman
* Brayton / Joule
* Carnot
* Ericsson
* Stirling
* Stirling (pseudo / adiabatic)
* Stoddard

|

With phase change|

* Kalina
* Hygroscopic
* Rankine (Organic Rankine)
* Regenerative

Internal combustion|

* Atkinson
* Brayton / Joule
* Diesel
* Expander
* Gas-generator
* Homogeneous charge compression ignition
* Lenoir
* Miller
* Otto
* Scuderi
* Staged combustion

Mixed|

* Combined
* HEHC
* Mixed / Dual

Refrigeration|

* Hampson–Linde
* Kleemenko
* Pulse tube
* Regenerative cooling
* Transcritical
* Vapor absorption
* Vapor-compression
* Siemens
* Vuilleumier

Uncategorized|

* Humphrey

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